{"id":84976,"date":"2024-04-20T16:59:33","date_gmt":"2024-04-20T16:59:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/burkina-faso\/politique\/les-etoiles-massives-faconnent-les-systemes-planetaires"},"modified":"2024-04-20T17:36:19","modified_gmt":"2024-04-20T17:36:19","slug":"les-etoiles-massives-faconnent-les-systemes-planetaires","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/burkina-faso\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-etoiles-massives-faconnent-les-systemes-planetaires","title":{"rendered":"Les \u00e9toiles massives fa\u00e7onnent les syst\u00e8mes plan\u00e9taires"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Burkina Faso. <\/strong><\/span>Comment se forment les syste\u0300mes plane\u0301taires au c\u0153ur des pouponnie\u0300res d’e\u0301toiles ? Longtemps, la re\u0301ponse n’a semble\u0301 de\u0301pendre que de la masse de l’e\u0301toile centrale et du disque de poussie\u0300res qui l’entoure. Mais des observations du te\u0301lescope spatial James Webb et du re\u0301seau de radiote\u0301lescopes Alma (Chili) montrent qu’il faut aussi prendre en compte l’influence des e\u0301toiles massives qui peuplent les parages du syste\u0300me plane\u0301taire en formation.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Ces e\u0301toiles sont environ 10 fois plus massives que notre Soleil, et 100.000 fois plus lumineuses, explique Olivier Berne\u0301, de l’Institut de recherche en astrophysique et plane\u0301tologie de Toulouse, premier auteur d’une e\u0301tude parue dans la revue Science. Elles e\u0301mettent un fort rayonnement dans l’ultraviolet lointain qui chauffe le disque protoplane\u0301taire situe\u0301 a\u0300 proximite\u0301. Le gaz du disque e\u0301chappe alors a\u0300 l’attraction gravitationnelle de son e\u0301toile centrale et le disque s’e\u0301vapore tre\u0300s vite, ce qui peut empe\u0302cher la formation de plane\u0300tes.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

Un phe\u0301nome\u0300ne de photo-e\u0301vaporation<\/b><\/p>\n

Ce me\u0301canisme, la photo-e\u0301vaporation, e\u0301tait de\u0301ja\u0300 soupc\u0327onne\u0301, comme nous l’indiquions dans le dossier consacre\u0301 aux premiers re\u0301sultats du James Webb (lire S. et A. n\u00b0 916), mais il n’avait encore jamais e\u0301te\u0301 mesure\u0301. C’est chose faite sur le protosyste\u0300me plane\u0301taire d203-506 situe\u0301 dans la ne\u0301buleuse d’Orion, la pouponnie\u0300re d’e\u0301toiles la plus proche de nous a\u0300 1350 anne\u0301es-lumie\u0300re.<\/p>\n

La masse de l’e\u0301toile de ce syste\u0300me solaire en train de nai\u0302tre est infe\u0301rieure a\u0300 0,3 fois celle du Soleil. Et le gaz qui l’entoure est chauffe\u0301 a\u0300 environ 1000 \u00b0C par les e\u0301toiles environnantes. Les astronomes ont ainsi mesure\u0301 le taux d’e\u0301vaporation du disque: il perd l’e\u0301quivalent de la masse de la Terre chaque anne\u0301e ! Il aura ainsi totalement disparu dans 130.000 ans environ. L’influence des e\u0301toiles massives a\u0300 distance est donc telle qu’aucune plane\u0300te ne pourrait avoir le temps de se former.<\/p>\n

Cette e\u0301tude est d’autant plus cruciale que les e\u0301toiles sont rarement des \u00ab\u00a0filles uniques\u00a0\u00bb. \u00ab\u00a0Dans la majorite\u0301 des cas, elles naissent en amas dans lesquels il y a souvent une ou plusieurs e\u0301toiles massives qui vont influencer le destin des e\u0301toiles plus petites, comple\u0300te Olivier Berne\u0301. Notre syste\u0300me solaire a d’ailleurs subi cette influence durant au moins son premier million d’anne\u0301es.\u00a0\u00bb L’e\u0301quipe va de\u0301sormais mesurer cet effet sur d’autres syste\u0300mes en formation dans Orion, afin de confirmer et de mieux de\u0301crire l’action des e\u0301toiles massives autour d’elles.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la Burkina Faso<\/a>, suivez Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Burkina Faso. Comment se forment les syste\u0300mes plane\u0301taires au c\u0153ur des pouponnie\u0300res d’e\u0301toiles ? Longtemps, la re\u0301ponse n’a semble\u0301 de\u0301pendre que de la masse de l’e\u0301toile centrale et du disque de poussie\u0300res qui l’entoure. Mais des observations du te\u0301lescope spatial James Webb et du re\u0301seau de radiote\u0301lescopes Alma (Chili) montrent qu’il faut aussi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":84975,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,10],"tags":[111,725,29],"class_list":["post-84976","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-burkina-faso","tag-burkina-faso"],"yoast_head":"\nLes \u00e9toiles massives fa\u00e7onnent les syst\u00e8mes plan\u00e9taires - Burkina Faso<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Comment se forment les syste\u0300mes plane\u0301taires au c\u0153ur des pouponnie\u0300res d'e\u0301toiles ? 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