{"id":9028,"date":"2021-08-24T12:30:34","date_gmt":"2021-08-24T12:30:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/cameroun\/?p=9028"},"modified":"2021-08-23T17:33:52","modified_gmt":"2021-08-23T17:33:52","slug":"peut-on-voyager-plus-vite-que-la-lumiere","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/cameroun\/toutes-les-actualites\/peut-on-voyager-plus-vite-que-la-lumiere","title":{"rendered":"Peut-on voyager plus vite que la lumi\u00e8re ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press<\/a> – Cameroun<\/a>. <\/strong><\/span>Impossible, comme l’\u00e9nonce la th\u00e9orie d’Einstein<\/p>\n

Nous sommes navr\u00e9s de briser des r\u00eaves, mais voyager plus vite que la lumi\u00e8re dans le vide (299.792.458 m\u00e8tres par seconde exactement, que l’on arrondit souvent \u00e0 300.000.000 m\u00e8tres par seconde) est impossible. Le principe a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9nonc\u00e9 au d\u00e9but du 20e si\u00e8cle par Albert Einstein avec sa th\u00e9orie de la relativit\u00e9 restreinte.<\/p>\n

D’apr\u00e8s cette th\u00e9orie, un objet (ou une particule \u00e9l\u00e9mentaire) qui subit une acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration va acqu\u00e9rir de la masse. En acc\u00e9l\u00e9rant jusqu’\u00e0 atteindre la vitesse de 300.000 kilom\u00e8tres par seconde, il aurait ainsi potentiellement une masse infinie. Or, pour qu’un objet acc\u00e9l\u00e8re, il faut lui fournir de l’\u00e9nergie, une \u00e9nergie d’autant plus importante que l’objet est lourd ! Pour atteindre ou d\u00e9passer la vitesse de la lumi\u00e8re, il faudrait donc \u00e0 cette \u00e9nergie une \u00e9nergie de plus en plus grande, jusqu’\u00e0 tendre vers l’infini, ce qui est impossible.<\/p>\n

Les tachyons, des particules qui font r\u00eaver<\/b><\/p>\n

Il n’emp\u00eache que dans les ann\u00e9es 1960, des physiciens imaginent l’existence de particules – nomm\u00e9es \u00ab\u00a0tachyons\u00a0\u00bb – qui circuleraient plus vite que la lumi\u00e8re dans le vide et auraient une \u00e9nergie qui diminue lorsque la vitesse augmente ! Les caract\u00e9ristiques \u00ab\u00a0hors normes\u00a0\u00bb de ces tachyons, ainsi que l’improbabilit\u00e9 de leur observation et les possibles paradoxes qu’engendreraient leur existence-m\u00eame font d’eux un objet d’int\u00e9r\u00eat pour nombre d’\u0153uvres de science-fiction, comme dans la s\u00e9rie The Flash o\u00f9 ils sont tr\u00e8s utiles pour produire de la vitesse et voyager dans le temps.<\/p>\n

Reste une question, que beaucoup d’entre vous peuvent se poser : est-ce que la lumi\u00e8re acc\u00e9l\u00e8re pour atteindre sa vitesse ? Non, car les photons – les particules qui constituent la lumi\u00e8re – n\u2019acc\u00e9l\u00e8rent pas. Ils se propagent \u00e0 environ 300.000 kilom\u00e8tres par seconde (km\/s) sans acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration d\u00e8s qu’ils sont \u00e9mis, tout simplement car… ils n\u2019ont pas de masse.<\/p>\n

Aller plus vite que la lumi\u00e8re… ailleurs que dans le vide !<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Si la vitesse de la lumi\u00e8re dans le vide est d\u2019environ 299.792 km\/s, elle n\u2019est que de 225.563 km\/s dans l\u2019eau et 200.000 km\/s dans le verre. La lumi\u00e8re peut donc \u00eatre \u00ab\u00a0d\u00e9pass\u00e9e\u00a0\u00bb dans un milieu mat\u00e9riel\u00a0\u00bb, explique le CEA sur son site internet. Ainsi, si une particule ne peut d\u00e9passer la vitesse de la lumi\u00e8re dans le vide, elle peut voyager plus rapidement que la lumi\u00e8re dans certains milieux ! Cette d\u00e9couverte \u00e9tonnante a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9e par un physicien russe, Pavel Tcherenkov, et lui permettra d’obtenir le prix Nobel de physique en 1958.<\/p>\n

Ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne, nomm\u00e9 ainsi \u00ab\u00a0effet Tcherenkov\u00a0\u00bb, permet notamment de d\u00e9tecter et d\u2019\u00e9tudier des particules cosmiques, ou encore d\u2019expliquer la lumi\u00e8re bleue des piscines de refroidissement des centrales nucl\u00e9aires. Car une particule qui d\u00e9passe la vitesse de la lumi\u00e8re provoque l’\u00e9mission d’une lumi\u00e8re intense et bleut\u00e9e, que l’on appelle le \u00ab\u00a0rayonnement Tcherenkov\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Cameroun. Impossible, comme l’\u00e9nonce la th\u00e9orie d’Einstein Nous sommes navr\u00e9s de briser des r\u00eaves, mais voyager plus vite que la lumi\u00e8re dans le vide (299.792.458 m\u00e8tres par seconde exactement, que l’on arrondit souvent \u00e0 300.000.000 m\u00e8tres par seconde) est impossible. Le principe a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9nonc\u00e9 au d\u00e9but du 20e si\u00e8cle par Albert Einstein […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":9027,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,11,10],"tags":[36,50,49,216,131],"class_list":["post-9028","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-homepage-french","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-cameroun","tag-cameroun","tag-la-lumiere","tag-voyager"],"yoast_head":"\nPeut-on voyager plus vite que la lumi\u00e8re ? - Cameroun<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Impossible, comme l'\u00e9nonce la th\u00e9orie d'Einstein Nous sommes navr\u00e9s de briser des r\u00eaves, mais voyager plus vite que la ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/cameroun\/toutes-les-actualites\/peut-on-voyager-plus-vite-que-la-lumiere\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Peut-on voyager plus vite que la lumi\u00e8re ?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Impossible, comme l'\u00e9nonce la th\u00e9orie d'Einstein Nous sommes navr\u00e9s de briser des r\u00eaves, mais voyager plus vite que la ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/cameroun\/toutes-les-actualites\/peut-on-voyager-plus-vite-que-la-lumiere\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Cameroun\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-08-24T12:30:34+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/cameroun\/sites\/57\/2021\/08\/img-6123dbcf67352.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1080\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"607\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"cfeditorfr\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"cfeditorfr\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/cameroun\/toutes-les-actualites\/peut-on-voyager-plus-vite-que-la-lumiere#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/cameroun\/toutes-les-actualites\/peut-on-voyager-plus-vite-que-la-lumiere\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"cfeditorfr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/cameroun\/#\/schema\/person\/2b1cf3cd81a31e3cd26889ca66d677f1\"},\"headline\":\"Peut-on voyager plus vite que la lumi\u00e8re ?\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-08-24T12:30:34+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/cameroun\/toutes-les-actualites\/peut-on-voyager-plus-vite-que-la-lumiere\"},\"wordCount\":548,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/cameroun\/toutes-les-actualites\/peut-on-voyager-plus-vite-que-la-lumiere#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/cameroun\/sites\/57\/2021\/08\/img-6123dbcf67352.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Africa Press\",\"Africa Press-Cameroun\",\"Cameroun\",\"la lumi\u00e8re\",\"Voyager\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Divers\",\"homepage-french\",\"Toutes les actualit\u00e9s\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/cameroun\/toutes-les-actualites\/peut-on-voyager-plus-vite-que-la-lumiere#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/cameroun\/toutes-les-actualites\/peut-on-voyager-plus-vite-que-la-lumiere\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/cameroun\/toutes-les-actualites\/peut-on-voyager-plus-vite-que-la-lumiere\",\"name\":\"Peut-on voyager plus vite que la lumi\u00e8re ? 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