{"id":856,"date":"2020-12-26T08:13:28","date_gmt":"2020-12-26T08:13:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.com\/congo-kinshasa\/?p=856"},"modified":"2020-12-26T04:58:43","modified_gmt":"2020-12-26T04:58:43","slug":"tribune-rdc-kasa-vubu-tshisekedi-kabila-ces-heros-qui-divisent","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/congo-kinshasa\/culture-et-art\/tribune-rdc-kasa-vubu-tshisekedi-kabila-ces-heros-qui-divisent","title":{"rendered":"[Tribune]\u00a0RDC : Kasa-Vubu, Tshisekedi, Kabila\u2026 ces h\u00e9ros qui divisent"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press<\/a> – Congo Kinshasa<\/a>. <\/strong><\/span>Dans le club restreint des hommes qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9s au rang de h\u00e9ros national, un seul fait l\u2019unanimit\u00e9 (ou presque) : Patrice Lumumba. En reconnaissance des bons et loyaux services rendus \u00e0 la nation, le statut de h\u00e9ros national peut \u00eatre accord\u00e9 \u00e0 un Congolais ou \u00e0 un \u00e9tranger. Dans ce cercle restreint, qui compte plusieurs grades, dont celui de grand cordon Kabila-Lumumba, instaur\u00e9 en 2002, Patrice Lumumba est le seul h\u00e9ros \u00e0 faire (presque) l\u2019unanimit\u00e9. Le tout premier Premier ministre du Congo ind\u00e9pendant reste, dans la m\u00e9moire collective, le dirigeant qui a condamn\u00e9 les violences physiques et morales de la colonisation, lors du discours qu\u2019il a prononc\u00e9 le 30 juin 1960, jour de l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance, en pr\u00e9sence du roi des Belges, Baudouin Ier, apr\u00e8s l\u2019allocution du pr\u00e9sident Joseph Kasa-Vubu.<\/p>\n

Lumumba, cette grande figure historique, dont l\u2019aura rayonne au-del\u00e0 des fronti\u00e8res nationales, symbolise une forme de r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 l\u2019ordre colonial. Tribun hors pair, assassin\u00e9 en janvier 1961, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge de 35 ans, pr\u00e8s d\u2019\u00c9lisabethville (Lubumbashi), il n\u2019est rest\u00e9 aux affaires qu\u2019un peu plus de deux mois.<\/p>\n

C\u2019est sous la pr\u00e9sidence de Mobutu Sese Seko que ce Premier ministre \u00e9ph\u00e9m\u00e8re a \u00e9t\u00e9 proclam\u00e9 h\u00e9ros national, \u00e0 titre posthume. Le mar\u00e9chal avait s\u00fbrement mauvaise conscience apr\u00e8s avoir jou\u00e9 un r\u00f4le, direct ou indirect, dans la mise \u00e0 mort de celui qui avait fait de lui le chef d\u2019\u00e9tat-major des forces arm\u00e9es congolaises apr\u00e8s une s\u00e9rie de mutineries suscit\u00e9es par la Belgique, qui soufflait discr\u00e8tement sur les braises depuis l\u2019accession du pays \u00e0 l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance.<\/p>\n

D\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 en janvier 2001 dans des circonstances non \u00e9lucid\u00e9es, Laurent-D\u00e9sir\u00e9 Kabila est lui aussi un h\u00e9ros national. Mais l\u2019ex-chef rebelle, qui, \u00e0 la t\u00eate d\u2019un mouvement h\u00e9t\u00e9roclite \u00e9paul\u00e9 par des arm\u00e9es \u00e9trang\u00e8res, avait renvers\u00e9 Mobutu quatre ans plus t\u00f4t, est loin de faire l\u2019unanimit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

LDK \u2013 ou le mzee, comme on l\u2019appelle commun\u00e9ment \u2013 repose dans un mausol\u00e9e \u00e9rig\u00e9 devant le Palais de la nation, le si\u00e8ge de la pr\u00e9sidence, \u00e0 Kinshasa. Les chercheurs et les Congolais en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral sont divis\u00e9s sur la place \u00e0 accorder \u00e0 celui qui est per\u00e7u, dans l\u2019histoire r\u00e9cente, comme \u00ab l\u2019homme des Rwandais \u00bb par les uns et \u00ab le lib\u00e9rateur \u00bb par les autres.<\/p>\n

Premier pr\u00e9sident de la RD Congo ind\u00e9pendante, Joseph Kasa-Vubu a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9galement \u00e9lev\u00e9 au rang de h\u00e9ros national\u2026 cinquante et un ans apr\u00e8s sa mort (en 1969). Lui aussi est une figure contest\u00e9e. S\u2019il est reconnu pour son int\u00e9grit\u00e9, il reste aux yeux de nombreux Congolais un dirigeant faible, manipul\u00e9 par la Belgique \u2013 qui avait accord\u00e9 au Congo son ind\u00e9pendance sans en \u00eatre vraiment partie. Sa pr\u00e9sence dans la cha\u00eene de complicit\u00e9s qui a conduit \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9limination physique de Patrice Lumumba \u2013 avec lequel il entretenait des rapports orageux \u2013, et dont les ramifications couraient jusque dans les capitales occidentales, est \u00e9tablie.<\/p>\n

La d\u00e9pouille d’\u00c9tienne Tshisekedi au stade des martyrs, le 31 mai 2019. \u00a9 Pr\u00e9sidence RDC Quant \u00e0 \u00c9tienne Tshisekedi, qui incarna l\u2019opposition pendant des d\u00e9cennies, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 admis, le 1er juin 2019, par ordonnance pr\u00e9sidentielle, dans l\u2019ordre des h\u00e9ros nationaux, au rang de grand cordon Kabila-Lumumba, le grade plus \u00e9lev\u00e9. Les uns ont applaudi cette distinction \u00e0 titre posthume, d\u2019autres l\u2019ont critiqu\u00e9e, au motif que, dans les ann\u00e9es 1960, Tshisekedi avait contribu\u00e9 au renforcement du pouvoir autoritaire de Mobutu, avant de s\u2019en \u00e9loigner. Ainsi vont les honneurs au pays de Lumumba, o\u00f9 \u00eatre d\u00e9clar\u00e9 h\u00e9ros national est une chose, et faire l\u2019unanimit\u00e9 en est une autre.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Congo Kinshasa. Dans le club restreint des hommes qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9s au rang de h\u00e9ros national, un seul fait l\u2019unanimit\u00e9 (ou presque) : Patrice Lumumba. En reconnaissance des bons et loyaux services rendus \u00e0 la nation, le statut de h\u00e9ros national peut \u00eatre accord\u00e9 \u00e0 un Congolais ou \u00e0 un \u00e9tranger. Dans […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":855,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,11,10],"tags":[36,47,46],"class_list":["post-856","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-culture-et-art","category-homepage-french","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-congo-kinshasa","tag-congo-kinshasa"],"yoast_head":"\n[Tribune]\u00a0RDC : Kasa-Vubu, Tshisekedi, Kabila\u2026 ces h\u00e9ros qui divisent - Congo-kinshasa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Dans le club restreint des hommes qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9s au rang de h\u00e9ros national, un seul fait l\u2019unanimit\u00e9 (ou presque) : ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/congo-kinshasa\/culture-et-art\/tribune-rdc-kasa-vubu-tshisekedi-kabila-ces-heros-qui-divisent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"[Tribune]\u00a0RDC : Kasa-Vubu, Tshisekedi, Kabila\u2026 ces h\u00e9ros qui divisent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dans le club restreint des hommes qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9s au rang de h\u00e9ros national, un seul fait l\u2019unanimit\u00e9 (ou presque) : ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/congo-kinshasa\/culture-et-art\/tribune-rdc-kasa-vubu-tshisekedi-kabila-ces-heros-qui-divisent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Congo-kinshasa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-12-26T08:13:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/centrafricaine\/sites\/49\/2020\/12\/img-5fe6c2ea77919.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"640\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"320\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"cfeditorfr\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"cfeditorfr\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/congo-kinshasa\/culture-et-art\/tribune-rdc-kasa-vubu-tshisekedi-kabila-ces-heros-qui-divisent#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/congo-kinshasa\/culture-et-art\/tribune-rdc-kasa-vubu-tshisekedi-kabila-ces-heros-qui-divisent\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"cfeditorfr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/congo-kinshasa\/#\/schema\/person\/2b1cf3cd81a31e3cd26889ca66d677f1\"},\"headline\":\"[Tribune]\u00a0RDC : Kasa-Vubu, Tshisekedi, Kabila\u2026 ces h\u00e9ros qui divisent\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-12-26T08:13:28+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/congo-kinshasa\/culture-et-art\/tribune-rdc-kasa-vubu-tshisekedi-kabila-ces-heros-qui-divisent\"},\"wordCount\":645,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/congo-kinshasa\/culture-et-art\/tribune-rdc-kasa-vubu-tshisekedi-kabila-ces-heros-qui-divisent#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/centrafricaine\/sites\/49\/2020\/12\/img-5fe6c2ea77919.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Africa Press\",\"Africa Press-Congo Kinshasa\",\"Congo Kinshasa\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Culture et Art\",\"homepage-french\",\"Toutes les actualit\u00e9s\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/congo-kinshasa\/culture-et-art\/tribune-rdc-kasa-vubu-tshisekedi-kabila-ces-heros-qui-divisent#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/congo-kinshasa\/culture-et-art\/tribune-rdc-kasa-vubu-tshisekedi-kabila-ces-heros-qui-divisent\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/congo-kinshasa\/culture-et-art\/tribune-rdc-kasa-vubu-tshisekedi-kabila-ces-heros-qui-divisent\",\"name\":\"[Tribune]\u00a0RDC : Kasa-Vubu, Tshisekedi, Kabila\u2026 ces h\u00e9ros qui divisent - 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