{"id":8363,"date":"2021-05-30T14:54:40","date_gmt":"2021-05-30T14:54:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/cotedivoire\/?p=8363"},"modified":"2021-05-30T17:15:47","modified_gmt":"2021-05-30T17:15:47","slug":"tribune-violences-en-cote-divoire-l-etranger-eternel-bouc-emissaire","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/cotedivoire\/toutes-les-actualites\/tribune-violences-en-cote-divoire-l-etranger-eternel-bouc-emissaire","title":{"rendered":"[Tribune] Violences en C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire : l\u2019\u00ab\u00a0\u00e9tranger\u00a0\u00bb, \u00e9ternel bouc \u00e9missaire"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press<\/a> – C\u00f4te d’Ivoire<\/a>. <\/strong><\/span>Difficile d\u2019expliquer la nouvelle flamb\u00e9e de violences x\u00e9nophobes qui vient d\u2019embraser la C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire. Mais le combustible est toujours le m\u00eame : le mot \u00ab \u00e9tranger \u00bb, r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9 comme un mantra jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la naus\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

Anthropo, socio, ethno, toutes les \u00e9tudes en \u00ab logie \u00bb, toutes leurs combinaisons (anthropo-socio, socio-ethno, ethno-anthropo, etc.) et m\u00eame \u00e9conomie\u2026 J\u2019ai tendance \u00e0 lire des th\u00e8ses pour me d\u00e9tendre (personne n\u2019est parfait) et rester au contact de la production universitaire de mon pays. Je peux donc affirmer que le sujet des violences x\u00e9nophobes en C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire est une star des soutenances.<\/p>\n

Je vous \u00e9pargne la logorrh\u00e9e universitaire souvent indigeste pour vous en dire succinctement ce que j\u2019en tire au regard de la derni\u00e8re flamb\u00e9e. Entre l\u2019urbain et le rural, une grande diff\u00e9rence saute aux yeux sur l\u2019origine de ces crises. Depuis San Pedro en 1998 (oppositions entre Kroumen et Burkinab\u00e9s), dans les r\u00e9gions et les villages, la cause quasi exclusive des violences est toujours concr\u00e8te, tangible, solide sous les pieds : la terre ! Sa possession et son exploitation sont au centre de tous les affrontements.<\/p>\n

La probl\u00e9matique du foncier rural est le serpent de mer qu\u2019\u00e9tirent tous les pouvoirs depuis la colonisation. On peut dire sans se tromper qu\u2019il est l\u2019enjeu r\u00e9el sur lequel s\u2019est nou\u00e9e la crise qui a secou\u00e9 le pays \u00e0 partir de 2002, dont le point d\u2019orgue fut la guerre de 2011. En \u00ab brousse \u00bb, les choses sont donc \u00ab claires \u00bb. M\u00eame si les r\u00e9ponses \u00e0 y apporter peuvent \u00eatre \u00ab complexes \u00bb, les politiques devraient faire un peu comme moi, se pencher plus souvent sur le travail excellent et foisonnant des chercheurs pour \u00e9clairer leur lanterne. Je vais m\u00eame plus loin en disant que la r\u00e9solution des probl\u00e8mes fonciers ruraux est le chemin par lequel la C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire trouvera la r\u00e9conciliation et la paix.<\/p>\n

Bien avant les r\u00e9seaux sociaux<\/b><\/p>\n

En ville, les violences x\u00e9nophobes rel\u00e8vent de raisons qui sont difficilement lisibles. M\u00eame si tout le monde admet qu\u2019un certain nombre de conditions doivent \u00eatre r\u00e9unies pour qu\u2019elles \u00e9clatent, on est \u00e0 peu pr\u00e8s s\u00fbr que, dans le cadre urbain, les m\u00eames causes n\u2019ont pas les m\u00eames effets. Un appel comme celui de cette fameuse influenceuse qui a mis le feu aux poudres il y a quelques jours aurait pu \u00eatre lanc\u00e9 la semaine pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente sans lever un seul sourcil d\u2019un habitant d\u2019Abobo.<\/p>\n

Il existe des pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents encore plus violents, plus incompr\u00e9hensibles et qui datent d\u2019une \u00e9poque o\u00f9 n\u2019existaient pas les r\u00e9seaux sociaux mis \u00e0 l\u2019index. Souvenons-nous de cette chasse aux Ghan\u00e9ens \u00e0 cause d\u2019un simple match de football (Asec vs Ashanti Kotoko, octobre 1993). Souvenons-nous des rumeurs de \u00ab sexes disparus \u00bb qui ont r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement provoqu\u00e9 le lynchage aveugle de Haoussa (d\u00e9j\u00e0 !) dans diff\u00e9rentes villes. Souvenons-nous en 1958, avant l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance, les Dahom\u00e9ens et les Togolais ont subi \u00e0 Treichville une ire populaire de la m\u00eame violence. Principalement enseignants et agents administratifs, ils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9sign\u00e9s responsables de la situation des ch\u00f4meurs (pour la plupart sans dipl\u00f4mes) et ont \u00e9t\u00e9 pourchass\u00e9s jusqu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019exil.<\/p>\n

Si le poisson pourrit par la t\u00eate, ce peuple est en train de pourrir par ses leaders On nage dans l\u2019absurde total, pourtant pas de n\u0153uds \u00e0 se faire au cerveau pour comprendre ce qui s\u2019est pass\u00e9 \u00e0 Abobo. La pauvret\u00e9 ? Elle est g\u00e9n\u00e9rale. Le taux d\u2019analphab\u00e9tisme ? Les plus de 80 % (selon le recensement de 2014) du Gontougo, du Bafing ou du Tchologo donnent le vertige. Le pourcentage \u00ab d\u2019\u00e9trangers \u00bb ? Il n\u2019y a rien eu \u00e0 Adjam\u00e9. Le niveau intellectuel de la Jeanne d\u2019Arc d\u2019Abobo et des leaders d\u2019opinion sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux ? Les QI de moules sont l\u00e9gion au-dessus de 100 000 abonn\u00e9s\u2026<\/p>\n

Mon id\u00e9e pour expliquer ces crises de la b\u00eatise en r\u00e9union est simple. Chaque situation du genre trouve son alchimie propre pour faire br\u00fbler le foyer. Mais le combustible est le m\u00eame, toujours : \u00e9tranger. Si la \u00ab fi\u00e8vre x\u00e9nophobique \u00bb est si r\u00e9currente et violente, c\u2019est parce que le mot \u00ab \u00e9tranger \u00bb est une sorte de mantra r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9 jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la naus\u00e9e, au nom de tout et n\u2019importe quoi, depuis bien trop longtemps par tout ce que ce pays a compt\u00e9 comme personnel politique. Si le poisson pourrit par la t\u00eate, ce peuple est en train de pourrir par ses leaders.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – C\u00f4te d’Ivoire. Difficile d\u2019expliquer la nouvelle flamb\u00e9e de violences x\u00e9nophobes qui vient d\u2019embraser la C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire. Mais le combustible est toujours le m\u00eame : le mot \u00ab \u00e9tranger \u00bb, r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9 comme un mantra jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la naus\u00e9e. Anthropo, socio, ethno, toutes les \u00e9tudes en \u00ab logie \u00bb, toutes leurs combinaisons (anthropo-socio, socio-ethno, ethno-anthropo, etc.) […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":8362,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,11,20,10],"tags":[56,63,29],"class_list":["post-8363","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-communaute","category-homepage-french","category-top-nouvelles","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-cote-divoire","tag-cote-divoire"],"yoast_head":"\n[Tribune] Violences en C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire : l\u2019\u00ab\u00a0\u00e9tranger\u00a0\u00bb, \u00e9ternel bouc \u00e9missaire - C\u00f4te d'Ivoire<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Difficile d\u2019expliquer la nouvelle flamb\u00e9e de violences x\u00e9nophobes qui vient d\u2019embraser la C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire. 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