{"id":96962,"date":"2025-04-01T16:00:29","date_gmt":"2025-04-01T16:00:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/cotedivoire\/politique\/une-guepe-fossile-qui-piegeait-ses-proies-comme-une-plante-carnivore"},"modified":"2025-04-01T16:00:29","modified_gmt":"2025-04-01T16:00:29","slug":"une-guepe-fossile-qui-piegeait-ses-proies-comme-une-plante-carnivore","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/cotedivoire\/toutes-les-actualites\/une-guepe-fossile-qui-piegeait-ses-proies-comme-une-plante-carnivore","title":{"rendered":"Une gu\u00eape fossile qui pi\u00e9geait ses proies comme une plante carnivore !"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – C\u00f4te d’Ivoire. <\/strong><\/span>Un abdomen d’insecte qui se termine en forme de dione\u0301e attrape-mouche pour capturer et immobiliser des proies… En matie\u0300re d’innovation, Sirenobethylus charybdis, ainsi nomme\u0301e en re\u0301fe\u0301rence a\u0300 Charybde (le monstre marin de la mythologie grecque), a fait fort ! Cette gue\u0302pe parasitoi\u0308de du Cre\u0301tace\u0301 vient d’e\u0302tre identifie\u0301e dans des e\u0301chantillons d’ambre de Birmanie vieux de 99 millions d’anne\u0301es.<\/p>\n

Un pie\u0300ge abdominal unique<\/b><\/p>\n

L\u2019e\u0301tude, publie\u0301e dans la revue BMC Biology, repose sur l\u2019analyse de 16 spe\u0301cimens fe\u0301minins pre\u0301serve\u0301s dans l’ambre. Gra\u0302ce a\u0300 la microtomographie a\u0300 rayons X, une e\u0301quipe internationale de pale\u0301ontologues a de\u0301taille\u0301 la structure interne de Sirenobethylus charybdis. Leur anatomie indique qu\u2019elles e\u0301taient bien des parasitoi\u0308des, des insectes dont les larves grandissent aux de\u0301pens d\u2019un ho\u0302te avant de le tuer comme les gue\u0302pes-coucou actuelles ou les Bethylidae qui pondent leurs \u0153ufs dans les larves d’autres insectes.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Mais contrairement aux parasitoi\u0308des modernes, Sirenobethylus semble avoir de\u0301veloppe\u0301 une strate\u0301gie unique pour capturer ses proies. Pluto\u0302t que de poursuivre activement ses ho\u0302tes, cette gue\u0302pe devait attendre immobile, son appareil abdominal ouvert comme un pie\u0300ge pre\u0302t a\u0300 se refermer. Ce pie\u0300ge se composant de trois volets, dont le plus bas forme une structure en forme de pagaie avec une douzaine de soies semblables a\u0300 des poils, rappelant visuellement une dione\u0301e attrape-mouche.<\/p>\n

De\u0300s qu\u2019un petit insecte aile\u0301 ou sauteur effleurait la structure, le me\u0301canisme se de\u0301clenchait, immobilisant la proie juste assez longtemps pour que la gue\u0302pe y de\u0301pose ses \u0153ufs. Cette strate\u0301gie sugge\u0300re que Sirenobethylus e\u0301tait un koinobionte: un parasitoi\u0308de laissant son ho\u0302te continuer de se de\u0301velopper tout en e\u0301tant parasite\u0301. Ce syste\u0300me de pie\u0300ge est sans e\u0301quivalent connu dans le monde des insectes.<\/p>\n


\nUne nouvelle famille de parasitoi\u0308des<\/b><\/p>\n

L\u2019e\u0301quipe de recherche a e\u0301galement e\u0301tabli que la morphologie de Sirenobethylus lui confe\u0300re une position phyloge\u0301ne\u0301tique singulie\u0300re. L\u2019e\u0301tude des nervures de ses ailes poste\u0301rieures re\u0301ve\u0300le un sche\u0301ma unique au sein des Chrysidoidea (les insectes parasitoi\u0308des), ce qui justifie son classement dans une famille distincte, les Sirenobethylidae. Ce groupe primitif te\u0301moigne d\u2019une diversite\u0301 autrefois bien plus grande des strate\u0301gies parasitoi\u0308des. En effet, les donne\u0301es pale\u0301ontologiques et l\u2019analyse des muscles du pie\u0300ge abdominal sugge\u0300rent un me\u0301canisme rapide et pre\u0301cis, facilitant la capture de proies tre\u0300s mobiles, telles que de petits insectes aile\u0301s ou sauteurs.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la C\u00f4te d’Ivoire<\/span>, suivez Africa-Press<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – C\u00f4te d’Ivoire. Un abdomen d’insecte qui se termine en forme de dione\u0301e attrape-mouche pour capturer et immobiliser des proies… En matie\u0300re d’innovation, Sirenobethylus charybdis, ainsi nomme\u0301e en re\u0301fe\u0301rence a\u0300 Charybde (le monstre marin de la mythologie grecque), a fait fort ! Cette gue\u0302pe parasitoi\u0308de du Cre\u0301tace\u0301 vient d’e\u0302tre identifie\u0301e dans des e\u0301chantillons d’ambre […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":96961,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,10],"tags":[37],"class_list":["post-96962","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-cote-divoire-2"],"yoast_head":"\nUne gu\u00eape fossile qui pi\u00e9geait ses proies comme une plante carnivore ! - C\u00f4te d'Ivoire<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/cotedivoire\/politique\/une-guepe-fossile-qui-piegeait-ses-proies-comme-une-plante-carnivore\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Une gu\u00eape fossile qui pi\u00e9geait ses proies comme une plante carnivore !\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Africa-Press – C\u00f4te d’Ivoire. 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