{"id":14646,"date":"2023-06-28T12:52:09","date_gmt":"2023-06-28T12:52:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/djibouti\/politique\/la-mission-euclid-part-a-la-chasse-a-la-matiere-noire"},"modified":"2023-06-28T13:25:23","modified_gmt":"2023-06-28T13:25:23","slug":"la-mission-euclid-part-a-la-chasse-a-la-matiere-noire","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/djibouti\/toutes-les-actualites\/la-mission-euclid-part-a-la-chasse-a-la-matiere-noire","title":{"rendered":"La mission Euclid part \u00e0 la chasse \u00e0 la mati\u00e8re noire"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Djibouti. <\/strong><\/span>Des milliards de galaxies, jusqu’a\u0300 10 milliards d’anne\u0301es-lumie\u0300re et sur une portion e\u0301quivalente a\u0300 plus d’un tiers du ciel : la mission Euclid de l’Agence spatiale europe\u0301enne (ESA) va sonder l’Univers et son e\u0301volution comme aucun instrument ne l’a encore fait ! Avec, a\u0300 la cle\u0301, des informations essentielles qui permettront de mieux comprendre ce que les astrophysiciens nomment \u00ab\u00a0cosmologie sombre\u00a0\u00bb, une discipline qui e\u0301tudie la matie\u0300re et l’e\u0301nergie noires, deux composantes qui repre\u0301sentent 95% du contenu de l’Univers. Les 5% restant formant tout ce que l’on peut observer : plane\u0300tes, e\u0301toiles, galaxies, nuages interstellaires…<\/p>\n

Comprendre l’histoire de l’expansion<\/b><\/p>\n

Pour e\u0301tudier ces deux entite\u0301s, Euclid scrutera des galaxies qui se trouvent a\u0300 diffe\u0301rentes distances de la Terre au moyen d\u2019un te\u0301lescope de 1,2 me\u0300tre de diame\u0300tre qui embarque deux instruments, un imageur observant en lumie\u0300re visible (VIS) et un spectro-imageur fonctionnant dans le proche infrarouge (NISP). Prote\u0301ge\u0301 par un bouclier spe\u0301cial des rayons du Soleil, l’instrument va permettre de cre\u0301er la carte 3D la plus grande et la plus pre\u0301cise de l’Univers. Cette carte comprendra les positions de milliards de galaxies a\u0300 leur emplacement actuel mais aussi a\u0300 leur position il y a dix milliards d’anne\u0301es. Avec ces donne\u0301es, les scientifiques pourront suivre tre\u0300s finement l’expansion de l’Univers depuis cette pe\u0301riode, une caracte\u0301ristique que les astrophysiciens Georges Lemai\u0302tre et Edwin Hubble ont mis en e\u0301vidence dans les anne\u0301es 1920. Et Euclid permettra aussi de mesurer l’acce\u0301le\u0301ration de cette expansion, dont les chercheurs supposent qu’elle pourrait e\u0302tre cause\u0301e par cette myste\u0301rieuse e\u0301nergie noire, au pourcent pre\u0300s.<\/p>\n

Matie\u0300re noire<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Pour mieux appre\u0301hender la distribution de la matie\u0300re noire dans l’Univers, Euclid va dans un premier temps observer 1,5 milliard de galaxies lointaines et e\u0301tudier ce que l’on nomme l’effet gravitationnel faible. C’est-a\u0300-dire analyser la le\u0301ge\u0300re distorsion de la forme des galaxies produite par les interactions gravitationnelles subies par leur lumie\u0300re durant son trajet dans l’espace\u00a0\u00bb, expliquait a\u0300 Sciences et Avenir, Jean-Luc Starck, Directeur de recherche au CEA-Irfu. Cela permettra de dresser la carte la plus comple\u0300te de la distribution de la matie\u0300re noire dont on sait qu’elle n’est pas re\u0301partie uniforme\u0301ment dans l’espace.<\/p>\n

Au-dela\u0300 de ces deux aspects fondamentaux pour la cosmologie, Euclid va e\u0302tre a\u0300 l’origine de nombreuses autres de\u0301couvertes gra\u0302ce a\u0300 ces extraordinaires capacite\u0301s puisqu’il peut observer tous les 3 a\u0300 5 jours l\u2019e\u0301quivalent de la totalite\u0301 du ciel couvert par le te\u0301lescope Hubble en 30 ans ! Les scientifiques espe\u0300rent ainsi repe\u0301rer des objets rares comme des e\u0301toiles ultra-froides, des galaxies tre\u0300s peu brillantes ou me\u0302me de nouveaux aste\u0301roi\u0308des ou petits corps dans le syste\u0300me solaire. Pour y parvenir, une immense puissance de calcul sera ne\u0301cessaire pour traiter les dizaines de pe\u0301taoctets de donne\u0301es que les observations vont ge\u0301ne\u0301rer.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la Djibouti<\/a>, suivez Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Djibouti. Des milliards de galaxies, jusqu’a\u0300 10 milliards d’anne\u0301es-lumie\u0300re et sur une portion e\u0301quivalente a\u0300 plus d’un tiers du ciel : la mission Euclid de l’Agence spatiale europe\u0301enne (ESA) va sonder l’Univers et son e\u0301volution comme aucun instrument ne l’a encore fait ! Avec, a\u0300 la cle\u0301, des informations essentielles qui permettront de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":14645,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,10],"tags":[36,49,50],"class_list":["post-14646","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-djibouti","tag-djibouti"],"yoast_head":"\nLa mission Euclid part \u00e0 la chasse \u00e0 la mati\u00e8re noire - Djibouti<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Des milliards de galaxies, jusqu'a\u0300 10 milliards d'anne\u0301es-lumie\u0300re et sur une portion e\u0301quivalente a\u0300 plus d'un tiers d ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/djibouti\/toutes-les-actualites\/la-mission-euclid-part-a-la-chasse-a-la-matiere-noire\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La mission Euclid part \u00e0 la chasse \u00e0 la mati\u00e8re noire\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Des milliards de galaxies, jusqu'a\u0300 10 milliards d'anne\u0301es-lumie\u0300re et sur une portion e\u0301quivalente a\u0300 plus d'un tiers d ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/djibouti\/toutes-les-actualites\/la-mission-euclid-part-a-la-chasse-a-la-matiere-noire\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Djibouti\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-06-28T12:52:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-06-28T13:25:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/djibouti\/sites\/52\/2023\/06\/sm_1687945998.406431.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"900\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"cfeditorfr\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"cfeditorfr\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/djibouti\/toutes-les-actualites\/la-mission-euclid-part-a-la-chasse-a-la-matiere-noire#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/djibouti\/toutes-les-actualites\/la-mission-euclid-part-a-la-chasse-a-la-matiere-noire\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"cfeditorfr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/djibouti\/#\/schema\/person\/2b1cf3cd81a31e3cd26889ca66d677f1\"},\"headline\":\"La mission Euclid part \u00e0 la chasse \u00e0 la mati\u00e8re noire\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-06-28T12:52:09+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-06-28T13:25:23+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/djibouti\/toutes-les-actualites\/la-mission-euclid-part-a-la-chasse-a-la-matiere-noire\"},\"wordCount\":560,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/djibouti\/toutes-les-actualites\/la-mission-euclid-part-a-la-chasse-a-la-matiere-noire#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/djibouti\/sites\/52\/2023\/06\/sm_1687945998.406431.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Africa Press\",\"Africa Press-Djibouti\",\"Djibouti\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Divers\",\"Toutes les actualit\u00e9s\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/djibouti\/toutes-les-actualites\/la-mission-euclid-part-a-la-chasse-a-la-matiere-noire#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/djibouti\/toutes-les-actualites\/la-mission-euclid-part-a-la-chasse-a-la-matiere-noire\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/djibouti\/toutes-les-actualites\/la-mission-euclid-part-a-la-chasse-a-la-matiere-noire\",\"name\":\"La mission Euclid part \u00e0 la chasse \u00e0 la mati\u00e8re noire - 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