{"id":7230,"date":"2022-09-26T17:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-09-26T17:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/djibouti\/?p=7230"},"modified":"2022-09-17T19:59:18","modified_gmt":"2022-09-17T19:59:18","slug":"les-scientifiques-decouvrent-deux-types-dobesite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/djibouti\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-scientifiques-decouvrent-deux-types-dobesite","title":{"rendered":"Les scientifiques d\u00e9couvrent deux types d’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Djibouti. <\/strong><\/span>L’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 est une maladie complexe, souvent r\u00e9sum\u00e9e \u00e0 l’IMC. Des scientifiques d\u00e9voilent sa multiplicit\u00e9 en distinguant deux sous-types d’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9, caract\u00e9ris\u00e9s ni par les g\u00e8nes ni par l’alimentation.<\/p>\n

L’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 est habituellement diagnostiqu\u00e9e sur la base du calcul de l’IMC : s’il est sup\u00e9rieur ou \u00e9gal \u00e0 30, le patient est en ob\u00e9sit\u00e9. Cet outil imparfait ne retranscrit pas les diff\u00e9rences physiologiques entre les patients ni leur \u00e9tat de sant\u00e9. L’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 est une maladie complexe \u00e0 plusieurs visages ; au moins deux, selon une \u00e9tude r\u00e9cente parue dans Nature Metabolism. \u00ab Nous avons observ\u00e9 pour la premi\u00e8re fois qu’il y a au moins deux sous-types m\u00e9taboliques d’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9, chacun avec ses propres caract\u00e9ristiques physiologiques et mol\u00e9culaires qui influencent la sant\u00e9 \u00bb, explique Andrew Pospisilik, chercheur en \u00e9pig\u00e9n\u00e9tique \u00e0 l’institut Van Adel aux \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/p>\n

Deux sous-types d’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 d\u00e9couverts<\/b><\/p>\n

Le premier sous-type d’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 d\u00e9couvert par les scientifiques est caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par la pr\u00e9sence importante de masse graisseuse dans le corps. Le second est caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 \u00e0 la fois par un surplus de masse graisseuse et de masse s\u00e8che — des muscles –, mais aussi par des marqueurs de l’inflammation tr\u00e8s hauts, favorisant l’apparition de maladies et de cancers chez les patients concern\u00e9s. Les exp\u00e9riences men\u00e9es sur les souris montrent que cette inflammation n’est pas due aux g\u00e8nes ni \u00e0 l’environnement mais \u00e0 l’\u00e9pig\u00e9n\u00e9tique, l’ADN qui entoure les g\u00e8nes et qui les r\u00e9gule par diff\u00e9rents m\u00e9canismes qui, dans ce cas pr\u00e9cis, se d\u00e9clenchent au hasard.<\/p>\n

\u201cCes r\u00e9sultats proposent une vision nuanc\u00e9e de cette maladie et l’opportunit\u00e9 de la diagnostiquer de fa\u00e7on plus pr\u00e9cise\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00ab Nos r\u00e9sultats de laboratoire sont la copie carbone des r\u00e9sultats obtenus chez les humains. Nous avons encore observ\u00e9 deux types distincts d’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9, dont un qui semble \u00e9pig\u00e9n\u00e9tiquement \u00ab\u00a0d\u00e9clenchable\u00a0\u00bb marqu\u00e9 par plus de masse s\u00e8che et de masse grasse, des signaux inflammatoires et des taux d’insuline hauts et une signature \u00e9pig\u00e9n\u00e9tique forte \u00bb, pr\u00e9cise Andrew Pospisilik.<\/p>\n

Selon les scientifiques, les g\u00e8nes et l’environnement ne comptent que pour 30 \u00e0 50 % de ce que l’on est. Le reste est dict\u00e9 par autre chose, l’\u00e9pig\u00e9n\u00e9tique vraisemblablement. \u00ab L’\u00e9pig\u00e9n\u00e9tique peut agir comme un interrupteur qui \u00ab\u00a0allume\u00a0\u00bb ou \u00ab\u00a0\u00e9teint\u00a0\u00bb les g\u00e8nes, ce qui peut favoriser la sant\u00e9 ou, lorsque les choses tournent mal, la maladie \u00bb, conclut Andrew Pospisilik. Plus d’un milliard de personnes sont en ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 dans le monde. Ces r\u00e9sultats proposent une vision nuanc\u00e9e de cette maladie et l’opportunit\u00e9 de la diagnostiquer de fa\u00e7on plus pr\u00e9cise.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la Djibouti<\/a>, suivez Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Djibouti. L’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 est une maladie complexe, souvent r\u00e9sum\u00e9e \u00e0 l’IMC. Des scientifiques d\u00e9voilent sa multiplicit\u00e9 en distinguant deux sous-types d’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9, caract\u00e9ris\u00e9s ni par les g\u00e8nes ni par l’alimentation. L’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 est habituellement diagnostiqu\u00e9e sur la base du calcul de l’IMC : s’il est sup\u00e9rieur ou \u00e9gal \u00e0 30, le patient est en ob\u00e9sit\u00e9. Cet […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":7229,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,11,10],"tags":[36,49,50],"class_list":["post-7230","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-homepage-french","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-djibouti","tag-djibouti"],"yoast_head":"\nLes scientifiques d\u00e9couvrent deux types d'ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 - Djibouti<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L'ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 est une maladie complexe, souvent r\u00e9sum\u00e9e \u00e0 l'IMC. 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