Africa-Press. <\/strong> <\/span>After a period of intense Turkish hostility towards Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, following his ousting of President Mohamed Morsi, affiliated with the Muslim Brotherhood, in June 2013, the Qatari mediation led to a meeting between the two presidents in Doha during the opening of the World Cup matches on November 20, 2022.<\/p>\nThis was followed by several meetings on various occasions and reciprocal visits between Ankara and Cairo, after President Erdog\u0306an seemingly forgot or chose to overlook everything he had said about Sisi, having sworn multiple times that he \u201cwould not meet with him, as he is a coup leader and a dictator who kills his people.\u201d<\/p>\n
Recent events in the region, particularly the US-Israeli aggression against Gaza and Lebanon, and the overthrow of President Bashar al-Assad, have prompted both Egypt and Turkey to engage in dialogue, leading to coordination and joint cooperation, while recalling their historical relations that date back at least 500 years.<\/p>\n
Sultan Selim I defeated the Mamluk Sultanate, a significant part of whose ruling elite had Turkish and Circassian origins, in the Battle of Ridaniya on January 22, 1517.<\/p>\n
This did not prevent the Ottoman Empire from seeking assistance from the Egyptian governor Muhammad Ali Pasha to help them eliminate the Saudi rebellion against the Ottoman state. The Egyptian army quelled this rebellion, captured Abdullah bin Saud, and sent him to Istanbul, where Sultan Mahmud II executed him in 1818.<\/p>\n
The Saud family has not forgotten this, as their relations with the Ottoman Empire and even with the Turkish Republic have always been poor, yet this has not prevented them from communicating with Ankara due to regional developments, especially after the reconciliation between Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman and President Erdog\u0306an, which began in 2022 after Erdog\u0306an threatened him following the murder of Jamal Khashoggi in Istanbul in October 2018.<\/p>\n
Libya at the Heart of Egyptian-Turkish Disputes<\/b><\/p>\n
The agreement signed by Ankara with the Government of National Accord in Tripoli in November 2019 once again placed Turkey face-to-face with Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and the UAE, which were supporting Khalifa Haftar’s forces when they besieged Tripoli, until the Turkish army intervened and contributed to their defeat, despite Egyptian, Emirati, and Saudi support.<\/p>\n
This led to renewed tensions between Cairo and Ankara after Turkey bolstered its military presence in Libya, as it has in Somalia, Iraq, Qatar, and Syria.<\/p>\n
Despite all this, both sides returned to dialogue in response to the serious developments in the region, prompting some to recently discuss a \u201calliance\u201d between Turkey, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Pakistan to work together to address regional developments, along with additional information about various agreements between Cairo and Ankara in different fields, including military.<\/p>\n
This was viewed as a threat by Tel Aviv, which overlooked the warmth between its strategic ally, President Donald Trump, and both Presidents Sisi and Erdog\u0306an, as well as the other partners, Mohammed bin Salman and the Pakistani duo Shahbaz Sharif and General Asim Munir.<\/p>\n
Ankara Opens Up to Eastern Libya<\/b><\/p>\n
These details have not prevented Ankara from continuing its traditional policies in Libya, in coordination with Washington, which seeks to shape Libya’s future after unifying Tripoli and Benghazi, where relations between them are witnessing exciting and rapid developments with Turkey in all fields, including military, intelligence, and security.<\/p>\n
These areas were previously exclusive to the Egyptians, who are closely monitoring these developments with some concern, unless Turkish movements are being coordinated and cooperated with them, or receiving a green light from them.<\/p>\n
At the same time, visits by Libyan officials controlling eastern Libya, including the sons of Khalifa Haftar and their close military and civilian associates, to Turkey continue, as Turkey has begun to enter the economic and commercial market in the eastern part of the country.<\/p>\n
It is worth recalling the Turkish experiences in Libya since the era of the late leader Muammar Gaddafi, as Turkish companies executed projects worth billions of dollars throughout the country.<\/p>\n
This did not prevent Ankara from supporting the Western colonial alliance during its aggression against Libya and the overthrow of Gaddafi, who provided various types of support to Turkey during its military intervention in Cyprus in July 1974, and opened Libya’s doors wide to hundreds of Turkish companies, which invaded Arab markets and then international markets, thanks to the expertise gained in Libya.<\/p>\n
Extended Regional Competition into Africa<\/b><\/p>\n
All this comes at a time when Turkish and international media occasionally discuss Turkey’s policies of openness and expansion in North Africa, extending to Chad, Sudan, and even Mali, Niger, and Somalia, where Egypt also has similar interests.<\/p>\n
This is also the case for the Israeli entity, which has always exploited Arab-Arab competitions, then Arab-Iranian, and now Arab-Turkish, and finally Turkish-Iranian, considering that Turkey represents the “Sunni Islamic world” supported by the “Sunni Arab world,” while Iran has emerged as a regional state facing, alongside the resistance axis in Lebanon, Yemen, and Iraq, the aggression of the US-Israeli alliance, and enjoys sympathy, solidarity, and support not only from Arab and Islamic peoples but from most of the world’s populations.<\/p>\n
Cairo’s reaction to Turkey’s role in the overthrow of President Bashar al-Assad and support for transitional President Ahmed al-Sharaa and the armed groups that were listed on international terrorism lists remains unclear, as Egypt sees these groups as a threat to its national security, just as it does with the armed groups supported by Ankara that control western Libya.<\/p>\n
Ankara seeks to expand its military, intelligence, and security influence, this time by establishing new military bases in areas controlled by the “Libyan National Army,” led by Khalifa Haftar and his sons, who have special relations with Russia, Pakistan, and the UAE, as well as with Rome and Washington, which coordinate with Ankara in Libya, amid a noticeable decline in Egypt’s role there, following a general decline in the UAE’s role in the region due to Abu Dhabi’s alliance with the Israeli entity.<\/p>\n
Find more news and analyses on Africa<\/span> on the Africa Press<\/span> website<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"By Hosni Mahali, Researcher in International Relations Africa-Press. After a period of intense Turkish hostility towards Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, following his ousting of President Mohamed Morsi, affiliated with the Muslim Brotherhood, in June 2013, the Qatari mediation led to a meeting between the two presidents in Doha during the opening of the World […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":84,"featured_media":7795,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[120],"class_list":{"0":"post-7796","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-articles","8":"tag-africa"},"yoast_head":"\n
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