{"id":18269,"date":"2023-06-18T11:20:30","date_gmt":"2023-06-18T11:20:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/eritrea\/all-news\/what-to-make-of-chinas-non-interference-policy-in-africa"},"modified":"2023-06-18T11:32:27","modified_gmt":"2023-06-18T11:32:27","slug":"what-to-make-of-chinas-non-interference-policy-in-africa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/eritrea\/all-news\/what-to-make-of-chinas-non-interference-policy-in-africa","title":{"rendered":"What to make of China\u2019s non-interference policy in Africa"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Mamoudou Gazibo<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff6600\"><strong>Africa-Press &#8211; Eritrea. <\/strong><\/span>China\u2019s efforts to deepen its relations with African countries have raised uncomfortable questions regarding its long-held foreign policy doctrine of non-interference.<\/p>\n<p>The debate is becoming even more intense because of Beijing\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/thediplomat.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;com\/2019\/12\/china-in-africas-peace-and-security-landscape\/\">expanding<\/a> engagement with African countries in the area of peace and security.<\/p>\n<p>China is consolidating its <a href=\"https:\/\/mwi.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;usma.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;edu\/beijings-blue-helmets-what-to-make-of-chinas-role-in-un-peacekeeping-in-africa\/\">involvement<\/a> in multilateral peacekeeping and peacebuilding missions in the continent while also increasingly trying to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;xinhuanet.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;com\/english\/2019-02\/08\/c_137805356.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;htm\">institutionalise<\/a> its security presence there.<\/p>\n<p>In 2012, the China-Africa <a href=\"https:\/\/link.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;springer.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-319-52893-9_7\">Cooperative Partnership for Peace and Security<\/a> was established to mark a turning point in the China-Africa relationship as discussions on peace and security in Africa became more prominent.<\/p>\n<p>Thanks to the Cooperative Partnership, the two parties have held regular China-Africa forums on peace and security, train and exchange more security personnel, and even <a href=\"https:\/\/www.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;nbr.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;org\/publication\/chinas-growing-police-and-law-enforcement-cooperation-in-africa\/\">cooperate<\/a> with police and law enforcement.<\/p>\n<p>Most discussions on the subject suggest that China is doing away with its foreign policy principle of non-interference. But <a href=\"https:\/\/asq.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;africa.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;ufl.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;edu\/news\/2022\/gazibo-lema-fall2022\/?utm_source=rss&amp;utm_medium=rss&amp;utm_campaign=gazibo-lema-fall2022\">China\u2019s policy<\/a> has been more consistent than what most observers would like to believe.<\/p>\n<p>Though China\u2019s entrenched presence in Africa is increasingly forcing it to deal with various African crises, Beijing has so far been able to do so in a more pragmatically adaptive manner than it is credited for.<\/p>\n<p>The adaptive pragmatism has allowed the Middle Kingdom to get involved in Africa\u2019s peace and security landscape without overtly compromising its traditional posture on non-interference.<\/p>\n<p>Discussions on the issue have mostly been misled by the failure to make a crucial distinction between the Chinese terms for non-interference (\u4e0d\u5e72\u6d89\u539f\u5219, Bu\u0300 ga\u0304nshe\u0300 yua\u0301nze\u0301) and non-intervention (\u4e0d\u5e72\u9884, Bu\u0300 ga\u0304nyu\u0300).<\/p>\n<p>The former <a href=\"https:\/\/www.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;sipri.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;org\/publications\/2014\/sipri-policy-papers\/protecting-chinas-overseas-interests-slow-shift-away-non-interference\">puts a particular emphasis<\/a> on \u201c\u5e72\u6d89, ga\u0304nshe\u0300\u201d (interference), which has clearer imperialist and hegemonic connotations, while the latter can, depending on the circumstances, be neutral, positive, or negative.<\/p>\n<p>That distinction is important for both African countries and China. Major international declarations by the two parties (e. g. , <a href=\"http:\/\/www.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;focac.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;org\/eng\/zywx_1\/zywj\/\">FOCAC Declarations and Action Plans<\/a>) carry similar messages of opposing the willingness of powerful states to use covert and\/or overt force to achieve their foreign policy goals.<\/p>\n<p>This reflects a shared history with African countries of colonial exploitation and foreign interference in their internal affairs. African countries understand that distinction too well.<\/p>\n<p>According to <a href=\"https:\/\/au.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;int\/en\/constitutive-act\">Article 4 of the Constitutive Act of African Union (AU)<\/a>, for instance, \u201cinterference by any Member State in the internal affairs of another\u201d is strictly prohibited; but the AU has \u201cthe right&#8230;to intervene in a Member State\u201d in case \u201cof grave circumstances, namely: war crimes, genocide and crimes against humanity.<\/p>\n<p>\u201d<br \/>\nTo better understand China\u2019s foreign policy principle of non-interference, one also needs to consider the historical context in which the country initiated its \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;fmprc.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;gov.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;cn\/mfa_eng\/wjdt_665385\/zyjh_665391\/201407\/t20140701_678184.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;html\">Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence<\/a>\u201d\u2014namely, mutual respect of territorial integrity and sovereignty, mutual non-aggression, mutual non-interference in internal affairs of each other, equality and cooperation, and peaceful co-existence.<\/p>\n<p>The decades-old foreign policy of non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries was forged in the early days of the People\u2019s Republic of China under the rule of the Communist Party and has since been playing a defensive role against foreign meddling in its internal affairs.<\/p>\n<p>The policy was set to guard against the attempts by external powers to dictate or impose policies on Chine through economic policies or by directly or indirectly participating in regime change, coups d\u2019e\u0301tat and deployment of mercenaries against the Communist Party.<\/p>\n<p>Non-interference plays a double role. In addition to the defensive role the policy plays, China also uses it as a strategic tool in its engagement with Africa (and the broader Global South). In practice, this means that Beijing seeks the prior consent of African governments before it gets involved in their domestic affairs.<\/p>\n<p>That strategy has allowed Beijing to seek solidarity with African (and other developing) countries while at the same time distancing itself from what it usually considers \u201chegemonic\u201d policies of the Western powers.<\/p>\n<p>In that sense, non-interference foreign policy allows Beijing to present itself to African and other developing countries as a benevolent alternative to traditional powers.<\/p>\n<p>The launch of Xi Jinping\u2019s \u201cGlobal Security Initiative\u201d (GSI) attests to that effort to effectively paint China as an alternative power in global affairs.<\/p>\n<p>The GSI followed the usual tradition of being heavy on rhetoric but light on substance, but the recent publication of \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;fmprc.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;gov.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;cn\/mfa_eng\/wjbxw\/202302\/t20230221_11028348.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;html\">The Global Security Initiative Concept Paper<\/a>\u201d provides additional details about the initiative. Clearly, very little about it is really \u201cnew\u201d; it is mostly the aforementioned Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence wrapped in new cloth.<\/p>\n<p>It <a href=\"https:\/\/www.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;fmprc.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;gov.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;cn\/mfa_eng\/zxxx_662805\/202302\/t20230222_11029459.&lt;br&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;html\">restates<\/a>, for example, the long-standing Chinese foreign policy guiding principles on state sovereignty, non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries, multilateralism, dialogue, peaceful coexistence, etc.<\/p>\n<p>But the GSI reflects Beijing\u2019s growing ability and readiness to create alternative institutional settings to discuss and shape international security in Africa and far beyond.<\/p>\n<p>The \u201csecurity turn\u201d in China-Africa relations is far from being a return of colonial power structures. China cares about how its African partners perceive it and tries to position itself as a better listener than the Western powers.<\/p>\n<p>The form of engagement between the two parties is influenced by the reality on the African ground that pushes China to be adaptable in dealing with the challenging security and political environment in the continent without compromising its traditional posture on non-interference. This adaptive pragmatism is likely to continue to shape China\u2019s engagement in Africa for the foreseeable future.<\/p>\n<p><strong>For More News And Analysis About <a href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/eritrea\">Eritrea<\/a> Follow <a href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/\">Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mamoudou Gazibo Africa-Press &#8211; Eritrea. China\u2019s efforts to deepen its relations with African countries have raised uncomfortable questions regarding its long-held foreign policy doctrine of non-interference. The debate is becoming even more intense because of Beijing\u2019s expanding engagement with African countries in the area of peace and security. China is consolidating its involvement in multilateral [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":84,"featured_media":18268,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,6],"tags":[242,243,233],"class_list":["post-18269","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-all-news","category-files","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-eritrea","tag-eritrea"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.1 (Yoast SEO v27.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What to make of China\u2019s non-interference policy in Africa - Eritrea<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"China\u2019s efforts to deepen its relations with African countries have raised uncomfortable questions regarding its long-he ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/eritrea\/all-news\/what-to-make-of-chinas-non-interference-policy-in-africa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What to make of China\u2019s non-interference policy in Africa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"China\u2019s efforts to deepen its relations with African countries have raised uncomfortable questions regarding its long-he ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/eritrea\/all-news\/what-to-make-of-chinas-non-interference-policy-in-africa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Eritrea\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/AfricaPressTunisiaa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-06-18T11:20:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-06-18T11:32:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/eritrea\/sites\/27\/2023\/06\/sm_1687071675.813903.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"512\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"341\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"cfeditoren\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"cfeditoren\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/eritrea\/all-news\/what-to-make-of-chinas-non-interference-policy-in-africa#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/eritrea\/all-news\/what-to-make-of-chinas-non-interference-policy-in-africa\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"cfeditoren\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/eritrea\/#\/schema\/person\/068c7ab4e9634ae78ec5d54ec46598bb\"},\"headline\":\"What to make of China\u2019s non-interference policy in Africa\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-06-18T11:20:30+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-06-18T11:32:27+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/eritrea\/all-news\/what-to-make-of-chinas-non-interference-policy-in-africa\"},\"wordCount\":921,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/eritrea\/all-news\/what-to-make-of-chinas-non-interference-policy-in-africa#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/eritrea\/sites\/27\/2023\/06\/sm_1687071675.813903.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Africa Press\",\"Africa Press-Eritrea\",\"Eritrea\"],\"articleSection\":[\"all news\",\"files\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/eritrea\/all-news\/what-to-make-of-chinas-non-interference-policy-in-africa#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/eritrea\/all-news\/what-to-make-of-chinas-non-interference-policy-in-africa\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/eritrea\/all-news\/what-to-make-of-chinas-non-interference-policy-in-africa\",\"name\":\"What to make of China\u2019s non-interference policy in Africa - 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