{"id":3932,"date":"2026-01-28T22:28:21","date_gmt":"2026-01-28T22:28:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/fr\/home\/le-temps-les-africains-face-a-trump"},"modified":"2026-01-29T03:27:50","modified_gmt":"2026-01-29T03:27:50","slug":"le-temps-les-africains-face-a-trump","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/fr\/articles\/le-temps-les-africains-face-a-trump","title":{"rendered":"Le Temps: les Africains Face A\u0300 Trump"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press. <\/strong> <\/span>La Maison-Blanche ne conside\u0300re plus l\u2019Afrique comme un partenaire de la transition de\u0301mocratique ni comme un espace de de\u0301veloppement humain. Sous l\u2019administration du pre\u0301sident Donald Trump, le continent est de\u0301sormais perc\u0327u comme un \u00ab re\u0301servoir de ressources \u00bb et un the\u0301a\u0302tre de trocs commerciaux brutaux, selon les conclusions d\u2019un rapport publie\u0301 par le quotidien suisse Le Temps.<\/p>\n

Le rapport \u2014 re\u0301dige\u0301 par Catherine Moran, envoye\u0301e spe\u0301ciale du journal a\u0300 Abidjan, capitale e\u0301conomique de la Co\u0302te d\u2019Ivoire \u2014 dresse un tableau sombre de l\u2019avenir des relations afro-ame\u0301ricaines en 2026. La \u00ab puissance douce \u00bb de Washington est en recul, laissant un large champ a\u0300 l\u2019expansion chinoise et russe, affirme-t-elle.<\/p>\n

L\u2019auteure explique que Trump ne manifeste que peu d\u2019inte\u0301re\u0302t pour le continent africain, comme en te\u0301moigne sa profonde me\u0301connaissance de ses pays. Lors de son premier mandat, il avait qualifie\u0301 les pays africains de \u00ab pays de merde \u00bb, une expression reste\u0301e grave\u0301e dans la me\u0301moire collective, selon Moran.<\/p>\n

La politique des mines<\/b><\/p>\n

Depuis son retour au pouvoir, Trump n\u2019a montre\u0301 aucun inte\u0301re\u0302t a\u0300 visiter les pays du continent qu\u2019il avait auparavant qualifie\u0301s de termes me\u0301prisants, et ne s\u2019y est toujours pas rendu. Il pre\u0301fe\u0300re convoquer les dirigeants africains a\u0300 Washington en fonction des \u00ab richesses du sous-sol \u00bb de leurs pays.<\/p>\n

L\u2019objectif moteur de l\u2019administration actuelle est de se\u0301curiser les minerais strate\u0301giques ne\u0301cessaires aux industries technologiques de pointe afin de barrer la route au \u00ab dragon chinois \u00bb. Dans ce contexte, les tentatives de me\u0301diation de Washington entre le Rwanda et la Re\u0301publique de\u0301mocratique du Congo ne visent pas a\u0300 prote\u0301ger les civils, mais a\u0300 garantir l\u2019acce\u0300s des entreprises ame\u0301ricaines aux mines de cuivre et de cobalt. Gilles Yabi, fondateur et directeur du centre de recherche WATHI, base\u0301 a\u0300 Dakar, a averti que Trump \u00ab ne croit qu\u2019a\u0300 la loi du plus fort et ne se soucie que des inte\u0301re\u0302ts e\u0301troits et a\u0300 court terme des E\u0301tats-Unis \u00bb.<\/p>\n

L\u2019humiliation des allie\u0301s<\/b><\/p>\n

La \u00ab diplomatie de la rudesse \u00bb s\u2019est illustre\u0301e de manie\u0300re flagrante avec l\u2019Afrique du Sud, lorsque Trump a accuse\u0301 Pretoria de mener un \u00ab ge\u0301nocide contre la minorite\u0301 blanche \u00bb, une de\u0301claration analyse\u0301e par les observateurs comme une sanction politique en repre\u0301sailles a\u0300 la plainte de\u0301pose\u0301e par l\u2019Afrique du Sud contre Israe\u0308l devant la Cour internationale de Justice.<\/p>\n

Cette tension a pousse\u0301 l\u2019Afrique du Sud a\u0300 annoncer son retrait temporaire du G20 durant la pre\u0301sidence ame\u0301ricaine, une de\u0301cision qualifie\u0301e de courageuse par l\u2019universitaire Kofi Kwako, qui affirme que \u00ab Trump ne conside\u0300re pas les Africains comme des partenaires respectables, mais humilie les dirigeants pour les contraindre a\u0300 se soumettre \u00bb.<\/p>\n

Le Nigeria n\u2019a pas e\u0301chappe\u0301 a\u0300 cette approche. Trump a invoque\u0301 la \u00ab perse\u0301cution des chre\u0301tiens \u00bb pour justifier des frappes de drones dans des zones ne connaissant pas d\u2019activite\u0301 terroriste manifeste, un geste interpre\u0301te\u0301 comme une de\u0301monstration de force destine\u0301e a\u0300 satisfaire sa base e\u0301vange\u0301lique.<\/p>\n

Un cadeau pour Pe\u0301kin et Moscou<\/b><\/p>\n

En l\u2019espace d\u2019un an, l\u2019administration Trump a porte\u0301 des coups se\u0301ve\u0300res au multilate\u0301ralisme en Afrique a\u0300 travers:<\/p>\n

– La fin de l\u2019aide: la fermeture de\u0301finitive de l\u2019Agence ame\u0301ricaine pour le de\u0301veloppement international (USAID), qui constituait une boue\u0301e de sauvetage pour des millions d\u2019Africains depuis 1961.<\/p>\n

– L\u2019isolement diplomatique: lors d\u2019un \u00ab appel te\u0301le\u0301phonique \u00bb la veille de Noe\u0308l, 15 ambassadeurs ame\u0301ricains en Afrique ont e\u0301te\u0301 de\u0301mis de leurs fonctions, laissant des ambassades sans repre\u0301sentants.<\/p>\n

– La guerre commerciale: Trump a mis fin a\u0300 l\u2019accord AGOA, qui accordait des exemptions douanie\u0300res aux pays africains, et l\u2019a remplace\u0301 par des droits de douane \u00ab fantaisistes \u00bb atteignant 30 % contre l\u2019Afrique du Sud.<\/p>\n

Ce repli ame\u0301ricain a entrai\u0302ne\u0301 un basculement massif de l\u2019Afrique vers l\u2019Est. La Chine s\u2019est empresse\u0301e de supprimer les droits de douane pour presque tous les pays africains, tandis que l\u2019influence russe, turque et saoudienne s\u2019est engouffre\u0301e dans le vide laisse\u0301 par Washington.<\/p>\n

Le pire est-il a\u0300 venir?<\/b><\/p>\n

Les observateurs estiment que le monde entre dans une phase inquie\u0301tante de \u00ab recul de\u0301mocratique \u00bb. La pre\u0301sence a\u0300 la Maison-Blanche d\u2019un dirigeant qui transgresse les re\u0300gles internationales encourage les re\u0301gimes autoritaires africains a\u0300 intensifier la re\u0301pression. Avec le durcissement des restrictions de visas visant 25 pays africains, Washington semble e\u0301riger un mur, non seulement contre les migrants, mais contre un continent entier qui fut jadis un allie\u0301 strate\u0301gique.<\/p>\n

En conclusion, une question demeure: Washington re\u0301alise-t-elle que troquer les valeurs contre les minerais peut lui garantir aujourd\u2019hui le cuivre et le cobalt, mais lui faire perdre a\u0300 jamais le continent africain au profit de ses rivaux internationaux?<\/p>\n

Retrouvez plus d\u2019actualit\u00e9s et d\u2019analyses sur l\u2019Afrique<\/span> sur le site Africa Press<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press. La Maison-Blanche ne conside\u0300re plus l\u2019Afrique comme un partenaire de la transition de\u0301mocratique ni comme un espace de de\u0301veloppement humain. Sous l\u2019administration du pre\u0301sident Donald Trump, le continent est de\u0301sormais perc\u0327u comme un \u00ab re\u0301servoir de ressources \u00bb et un the\u0301a\u0302tre de trocs commerciaux brutaux, selon les conclusions d\u2019un rapport publie\u0301 par le quotidien […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":3931,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[75],"tags":[240],"class_list":["post-3932","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-lafrique"],"yoast_head":"\nLe Temps: les Africains Face A\u0300 Trump - Africa Press France<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"-article-header-tag"> Africa-Press. 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