{"id":4595,"date":"2026-02-15T18:38:50","date_gmt":"2026-02-15T18:38:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/fr\/home\/loms-critique-un-essai-vaccinal-finance-par-les-usa"},"modified":"2026-02-15T19:17:41","modified_gmt":"2026-02-15T19:17:41","slug":"loms-critique-un-essai-vaccinal-finance-par-les-usa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/fr\/politique\/loms-critique-un-essai-vaccinal-finance-par-les-usa","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019OMS Critique un Essai Vaccinal Financ\u00e9 par les USA"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press. <\/strong> <\/span>L\u2019Organisation mondiale de la sante\u0301 (OMS) a critique\u0301 un projet de\u0301sormais suspendu visant a\u0300 mener, en Guine\u0301e-Bissau, un essai du vaccin contre l\u2019he\u0301patite B sur des milliers de nouveau-ne\u0301s, le qualifiant de \u00ab non e\u0301thique \u00bb.<\/p>\n

L\u2019e\u0301tude, finance\u0301e par les E\u0301tats-Unis, pre\u0301voyait d\u2019administrer le vaccin a\u0300 un groupe d\u2019enfants de\u0300s la naissance, tandis que l\u2019administration devait e\u0302tre retarde\u0301e pour un autre groupe jusqu\u2019a\u0300 l\u2019a\u0302ge de six semaines.<\/p>\n

L\u2019OMS s\u2019est dite \u00ab profonde\u0301ment pre\u0301occupe\u0301e \u00bb par ce projet et a de\u0301crit la dose a\u0300 la naissance comme une \u00ab intervention efficace et essentielle de sante\u0301 publique, au bilan e\u0301prouve\u0301 \u00bb.<\/p>\n

Le de\u0301partement ame\u0301ricain de la Sante\u0301, dirige\u0301 par Robert F. Kennedy Jr \u2014 qui a exprime\u0301 des doutes sur l\u2019efficacite\u0301 des vaccins \u2014 cherchait a\u0300 utiliser l\u2019essai pour re\u0301pondre a\u0300 des questions sur les effets sanitaires plus larges du vaccin.<\/p>\n

L\u2019OMS a indique\u0301 que ses pre\u0301occupations portent sur la justification scientifique de l\u2019e\u0301tude, les garanties e\u0301thiques et sa conformite\u0301 aux normes applicables a\u0300 la recherche sur l\u2019e\u0302tre humain. Elle a souligne\u0301 que le vaccin est utilise\u0301 depuis plus de trois de\u0301cennies dans plus de 115 pays.<\/p>\n

L\u2019organisation a averti que priver certains nouveau-ne\u0301s d\u2019un vaccin dont l\u2019efficacite\u0301 a\u0300 sauver des vies est e\u0301tablie, tout en l\u2019administrant a\u0300 d\u2019autres, les expose a\u0300 un \u00ab pre\u0301judice potentiellement irre\u0301versible \u00bb.<\/p>\n

Une proportion importante de la population de Guine\u0301e-Bissau serait infecte\u0301e par l\u2019he\u0301patite B, et l\u2019OMS affirme que la vaccination a\u0300 la naissance empe\u0302che la transmission de la me\u0300re a\u0300 l\u2019enfant dans 70 a\u0300 95 % des cas.<\/p>\n

L\u2019OMS rappelle que les essais donnant un placebo, ou ne traitant pas un groupe, ne sont acceptables que lorsqu\u2019il n\u2019existe aucun traitement prouve\u0301 \u2014 ce qui n\u2019e\u0301tait pas le cas pour la dose de naissance du vaccin contre l\u2019he\u0301patite B.<\/p>\n

L\u2019OMS recommande que tous les nouveau-ne\u0301s rec\u0327oivent le vaccin contre l\u2019he\u0301patite B dans les 24 heures suivant la naissance. Elle pre\u0301cise que l\u2019infection a\u0300 la naissance est la voie la plus fre\u0301quente vers une infection a\u0300 vie: 90 % des nouveau-ne\u0301s infecte\u0301s deviennent des porteurs chroniques.<\/p>\n

En Guine\u0301e-Bissau, la dose est actuellement administre\u0301e a\u0300 la sixie\u0300me semaine, mais les autorite\u0301s pre\u0301voient d\u2019introduire la dose de naissance a\u0300 l\u2019e\u0301chelle nationale d\u2019ici 2028, conforme\u0301ment aux normes mondiales \u2014 une de\u0301marche que l\u2019OMS dit vouloir aider a\u0300 acce\u0301le\u0301rer.<\/p>\n

Quelque 14 000 nourrissons de Guine\u0301e-Bissau, pays d\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Ouest, devaient participer a\u0300 l\u2019e\u0301tude finance\u0301e par les E\u0301tats-Unis et dirige\u0301e par des chercheurs danois. Mais la contestation publique a pousse\u0301 le gouvernement a\u0300 la suspendre le mois dernier, des critiques s\u2019interrogeant sur la raison d\u2019impliquer des be\u0301be\u0301s de ce pays dans un tel essai.<\/p>\n

Il y a deux mois, un comite\u0301 de hauts conseillers a vote\u0301 l\u2019arre\u0302t de la recommandation de vacciner tous les nouveau-ne\u0301s aux E\u0301tats-Unis contre l\u2019he\u0301patite B.<\/p>\n

Ce comite\u0301 avait e\u0301te\u0301 nomme\u0301 par le ministre ame\u0301ricain de la Sante\u0301, Kennedy, qui avait auparavant renvoye\u0301 tous les membres du Comite\u0301 consultatif sur les pratiques d\u2019immunisation (ACIP) et les avait remplace\u0301s par d\u2019autres critiques des vaccins.<\/p>\n

Kennedy a nie\u0301 a\u0300 plusieurs reprises e\u0302tre oppose\u0301 aux vaccinations, affirmant que ses enfants et lui ont e\u0301te\u0301 vaccine\u0301s, tout en re\u0301pe\u0301tant des alle\u0301gations largement re\u0301fute\u0301es sur les dangers des vaccins.<\/p>\n

Parmi les opposants au projet en Guine\u0301e-Bissau figure l\u2019ancienne ministre de la Sante\u0301, Magda Robalo. Elle a de\u0301clare\u0301 le mois dernier a\u0300 la revue scientifique Nature: \u00ab C\u2019est inacceptable et cela ne doit pas continuer. Les habitants de Guine\u0301e-Bissau ne sont pas des cobayes. \u00bb<\/p>\n

Selon l\u2019OMS, plus de 12 % des adultes du pays souffrent d\u2019he\u0301patite B chronique. De plus petites e\u0301tudes mene\u0301es par d\u2019autres chercheurs ont estime\u0301 que la proportion pourrait atteindre une personne sur cinq. La plupart des personnes infecte\u0301es ne pre\u0301sentent pas de sympto\u0302mes, ou seulement des sympto\u0302mes tre\u0300s le\u0301gers. Certaines peuvent toutefois souffrir d\u2019icte\u0300re, d\u2019urines fonce\u0301es, de fatigue intense, de nause\u0301es, de vomissements et de douleurs abdominales.<\/p>\n

L\u2019OMS indique que les patients atteints d\u2019he\u0301patite chronique courent un risque e\u0301leve\u0301 de de\u0301velopper une cirrhose et un cancer du foie.<\/p>\n

Retrouvez plus d\u2019actualit\u00e9s et d\u2019analyses sur l\u2019Afrique<\/span> sur le site Africa Press<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press. L\u2019Organisation mondiale de la sante\u0301 (OMS) a critique\u0301 un projet de\u0301sormais suspendu visant a\u0300 mener, en Guine\u0301e-Bissau, un essai du vaccin contre l\u2019he\u0301patite B sur des milliers de nouveau-ne\u0301s, le qualifiant de \u00ab non e\u0301thique \u00bb. L\u2019e\u0301tude, finance\u0301e par les E\u0301tats-Unis, pre\u0301voyait d\u2019administrer le vaccin a\u0300 un groupe d\u2019enfants de\u0300s la naissance, tandis que […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":4594,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[73],"tags":[240],"class_list":["post-4595","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politique","tag-lafrique"],"yoast_head":"\nL\u2019OMS Critique un Essai Vaccinal Financ\u00e9 par les USA - Africa Press France<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"-article-header-tag"> Africa-Press. 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