{"id":5057,"date":"2026-04-25T08:58:02","date_gmt":"2026-04-25T08:58:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/fr\/home\/deficit-de-86-millions-de-tonnes-de-carburant-en-afrique-2040"},"modified":"2026-04-25T09:04:41","modified_gmt":"2026-04-25T09:04:41","slug":"deficit-de-86-millions-de-tonnes-de-carburant-en-afrique-2040","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/fr\/economie\/deficit-de-86-millions-de-tonnes-de-carburant-en-afrique-2040","title":{"rendered":"D\u00e9ficit de 86 millions de tonnes de carburant en Afrique 2040"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press. <\/strong> <\/span>La guerre en Iran a mis en e\u0301vidence la vulne\u0301rabilite\u0301 de l’Afrique face aux goulets d’e\u0301tranglement en matie\u0300re de carburant et le continent se dirige vers un de\u0301ficit de 86 millions de tonnes de carburant d’ici 2040, a de\u0301clare\u0301 jeudi l’Africa Finance Corporation (AFC).<\/b><\/p>\n

L’Afrique importe plus de 70 % de son carburant raffine\u0301 et quelque 230 milliards de dollars de biens essentiels, notamment du carburant, des denre\u0301es alimentaires, des plastiques, de l’acier et des engrais chaque anne\u0301e, a indique\u0301 l’AFC dans un rapport publie\u0301 a\u0300 Nairobi.<\/p>\n

Sa de\u0301pendance vis-a\u0300-vis des importations de carburant continuera d\u2019augmenter, passant de 74 millions de tonnes en 2023 a\u0300 86 millions de tonnes en 2040, indique le rapport de cette institution financie\u0300re panafricaine.<\/p>\n

Cela e\u0301quivaut a\u0300 pre\u0300s de trois des gigantesques raffineries exploite\u0301es au Nigeria par le groupe Dangote \u2014 de loin les plus grandes d\u2019Afrique.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Non seulement l’Afrique importe du carburant, mais dans la partie orientale du continent, ces importations sont vulne\u0301rables aux goulets d’e\u0301tranglement \u2014 nous avons tous pris conscience cette anne\u0301e de l’importance du de\u0301troit d’Ormuz, et ce n’est pas le seul goulet d’e\u0301tranglement \u00bb, a de\u0301clare\u0301 Rita Babihuga-Nsanze, e\u0301conomiste en chef de l’AFC, lors de la pre\u0301sentation du rapport.<\/p>\n

Le de\u0301troit d\u2019Ormuz, qui repre\u0301sente un cinquie\u0300me du transport mondial de carburant, a e\u0301te\u0301 pratiquement ferme\u0301 par la guerre au Moyen-Orient, laissant les pays d\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Est de\u0301pendants des importations confronte\u0301s a\u0300 des pe\u0301nuries critiques.<\/p>\n

Le pre\u0301sident kenyan William Ruto, s’exprimant lors du sommet de l’AFC, a de\u0301clare\u0301 que la guerre montrait la ne\u0301cessite\u0301 pour l’Afrique de cesser de de\u0301pendre de l’exte\u0301rieur.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Nos ambitions resteront lettre morte si nous continuons a\u0300 de\u0301pendre de capitaux e\u0301trangers dont l’inte\u0301re\u0302t premier est de s’assurer des matie\u0300res premie\u0300res pour leurs propres industries \u00bb, a de\u0301clare\u0301 M. Ruto.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Nous ne pouvons pas continuer a\u0300 exporter des matie\u0300res premie\u0300res et a\u0300 importer les produits finis qui en sont issus \u00bb, a-t-il ajoute\u0301.<\/p>\n

Infrastructures<\/b><\/p>\n

Le Kenya a annonce\u0301 l\u2019anne\u0301e dernie\u0300re un plan d\u2019investissement massif dans les infrastructures, comprenant la construction de 50 nouveaux barrages hydroe\u0301lectriques et la cre\u0301ation d\u2019une capacite\u0301 de production d\u2019e\u0301lectricite\u0301 supple\u0301mentaire de 10 000 me\u0301gawatts d\u2019ici sept ans, ainsi que des projets de re\u0301novation des routes, des chemins de fer et des ae\u0301roports.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Si les injustices historiques, du colonialisme aux ine\u0301galite\u0301s de l\u2019ordre e\u0301conomique mondial, sont bien re\u0301elles, nous devons e\u0301galement reconnai\u0302tre que d\u2019autres re\u0301gions ont e\u0301te\u0301 confronte\u0301es a\u0300 des de\u0301fis similaires, mais qu\u2019elles ont su les surmonter \u00bb, a de\u0301clare\u0301 M. Ruto lors du sommet.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Nous ne sommes limite\u0301s que par la mesure dans laquelle nous acceptons le statu quo par acquiescement, complaisance et ambition limite\u0301e. \u00bb<\/p>\n

Pour reme\u0301dier au de\u0301ficit e\u0301nerge\u0301tique de l\u2019Afrique, il faut cre\u0301er de nouveaux po\u0302les et ame\u0301liorer les performances des actifs existants, indique le rapport de l\u2019AFC.<\/p>\n

Mme Babihuga-Nsanze a mis en avant l\u2019exemple des barrages zambiens qui n\u2019ont pas e\u0301te\u0301 conc\u0327us pour faire face aux nouvelles conditions de se\u0301cheresse, ainsi que les deux gigawatts d\u2019e\u0301nergie hydroe\u0301lectrique angolaise qui n\u2019e\u0301taient pas raccorde\u0301s au re\u0301seau re\u0301gional et ont donc e\u0301te\u0301 gaspille\u0301s.<\/p>\n

Elle a e\u0301galement souligne\u0301 les pe\u0301nuries d\u2019engrais dues a\u0300 la guerre au Moyen-Orient, car une grande partie provient du Golfe.<\/p>\n

De telles vulne\u0301rabilite\u0301s sont \u00ab e\u0301tranges \u00bb, a de\u0301clare\u0301 Mme Babihuga-Nsanze, e\u0301tant donne\u0301 que l’Afrique de\u0301tient 80 % des re\u0301serves mondiales de phosphate \u2013 une source essentielle d’engrais \u2013 mais ne produit que 20 % de la production mondiale.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Il y a la\u0300 une re\u0301elle opportunite\u0301 pour l’Afrique de combler cette lacune \u00bb, a-t-elle de\u0301clare\u0301.<\/p>\n

Retrouvez plus d\u2019actualit\u00e9s et d\u2019analyses sur l\u2019Afrique<\/span> sur le site Africa Press<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press. La guerre en Iran a mis en e\u0301vidence la vulne\u0301rabilite\u0301 de l’Afrique face aux goulets d’e\u0301tranglement en matie\u0300re de carburant et le continent se dirige vers un de\u0301ficit de 86 millions de tonnes de carburant d’ici 2040, a de\u0301clare\u0301 jeudi l’Africa Finance Corporation (AFC). L’Afrique importe plus de 70 % de son carburant raffine\u0301 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":5055,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[74],"tags":[1165,1074,1163,1166,240],"class_list":["post-5057","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economie","tag-carburant","tag-energie-2","tag-energies-fossiles","tag-guerre-en-iran","tag-lafrique"],"yoast_head":"\nD\u00e9ficit de 86 millions de tonnes de carburant en Afrique 2040 - Africa Press France<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"-article-header-tag"> Africa-Press. 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