{"id":38052,"date":"2024-05-02T19:12:01","date_gmt":"2024-05-02T19:12:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/gabon\/politique\/criteres-deligibilite-a-la-presidence-de-la-republique-la-face-emergee-de-liceberg"},"modified":"2024-05-02T21:50:49","modified_gmt":"2024-05-02T21:50:49","slug":"criteres-deligibilite-a-la-presidence-de-la-republique-la-face-emergee-de-liceberg","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/gabon\/politique\/criteres-deligibilite-a-la-presidence-de-la-republique-la-face-emergee-de-liceberg","title":{"rendered":"Crit\u00e8res d\u2019\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9 \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sidence de la R\u00e9publique : La face \u00e9merg\u00e9e de l\u2019iceberg"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Gabon. <\/strong><\/span>En y regardant de pre\u0300s, certaines propositions exhalent des effluves de discrimination voire de stigmatisation. Or, le fond du de\u0301bat c\u2019est l\u2019e\u0301quilibre et la cohabitation entre l\u2019exe\u0301cutif et le judiciaire.<\/b><\/p>\n

Le Dialogue national inclusif (DNI) a pris fin le 30 avril dernier. Sur la vie politique et institutionnelle, comme sur l\u2019e\u0301conomie ou le social, il a ouvert des pistes de re\u0301flexion. D\u2019une manie\u0300re ge\u0301ne\u0301rale, ses propositions visent a\u0300 favoriser la \u00abre\u0301appropriation du Gabon\u00bb par les nationaux. Mais, en y regardant de pre\u0300s, nombre d\u2019entre elles semblent peu conformes aux engagements internationaux du pays en matie\u0300re de droits et liberte\u0301s. Pis, certaines exhalent des effluves de discrimination voire de stigmatisation, laissant entrevoir des de\u0301bats passionne\u0301s, a\u0300 mille lieues de la raison et de la froideur, pourtant ne\u0301cessaires en cette pe\u0301riode de \u00abrestauration des institutions\u00bb. On pense particulie\u0300rement aux crite\u0300res d\u2019e\u0301ligibilite\u0301 a\u0300 la pre\u0301sidence de la Re\u0301publique ou d\u2019accession a\u0300 certaines fonctions, y compris dans la haute administration.<\/p>\n

Couardise de la justice, partialite\u0301 de la Cour constitutionnelle dissoute<\/b><\/p>\n

Certes, aux termes de la Constitution en vigueur au 30 aou\u0302t, \u00abtous les Gabonais des deux sexes, a\u0302ge\u0301s de trente (30) ans au moins et jouissant de leurs droits civils et politiques\u00bb e\u0301taient e\u0301ligibles a\u0300 la fonction pre\u0301sidentielle. Mais, contrairement aux affirmations des contributeurs, les personnes ayant acquis la nationalite\u0301 gabonaise ne pouvaient y pre\u0301tendre, ce droit e\u0301tant re\u0301serve\u0301 a\u0300 leur \u00abdescendance ayant demeure\u0301 sans discontinuite\u0301 au Gabon (…), a\u0300 partir de la quatrie\u0300me ge\u0301ne\u0301ration\u00bb. Longtemps attaque\u0301 sur son e\u0301tat-civil, soupc\u0327onne\u0301 d\u2019avoir acquis la nationalite\u0301 gabonaise par voie d\u2019adoption, accuse\u0301 d\u2019\u00abinscription de faux en e\u0301critures publiques\u00bb, Ali Bongo avait-il re\u0301ussi a\u0300 contourner ce verrou ? On ne le saura jamais, la justice n\u2019ayant pas eu le courage d\u2019aller au fond de cette affaire, usant de subterfuges pour se de\u0301biner. Pis, invite\u0301e a\u0300 se prononcer a\u0300 son tour, la Cour constitutionnelle dissoute se de\u0301clara incompe\u0301tente, rejetant tous les recours avant de valider la candidature querelle\u0301e, sans se soucier des conse\u0301quences induites par une e\u0301vidente litispendance.<\/p>\n

Sur le fondement de ces faits historiquement ve\u0301rifie\u0301s, on peut en convenir: si \u00abdes naturalise\u0301s gabonais\u00bb ont d\u2019aventure pu e\u0302tre candidats a\u0300 la pre\u0301sidentielle, ce n\u2019est pas en raison de la souplesse suppose\u0301e des crite\u0300res. Mais du fait de la couardise de la justice et de la partialite\u0301 de la Cour constitutionnelle dissoute. Pour re\u0301gler un proble\u0300me, il faut poser le bon diagnostic. Pour garantir le respect d\u2019une re\u0300gle, il ne suffit pas de la changer. Il faut d\u2019abord en e\u0301valuer la pertinence. Il faut s\u2019assurer ensuite du bon fonctionnement des organes en charge de son application. Tenaille\u0301s par le souci de faire carrie\u0300re, les magistrats n\u2019ont jamais affirme\u0301 leur inde\u0301pendance face a\u0300 Ali Bongo, alors pre\u0301sident du Conseil supe\u0301rieur de la magistrature. Le me\u0302me constat vaut pour les membres de la Cour constitutionnelle dissoute, de\u0301sireux de conserver leurs avantages et privile\u0300ges. Quant a\u0300 la pre\u0301sidente de cette institution, ses liens familiaux sont constitutifs d\u2019une suspicion le\u0301gitime. Or, jamais, elle ne s\u2019est re\u0301cuse\u0301e. Bien au contraire, la re\u0301cusation ayant opportune\u0301ment e\u0301te\u0301 interdite par le re\u0300glement de proce\u0301dure.<\/p>\n

Etablir un syste\u0300me de poids et contrepoids entre l\u2019exe\u0301cutif et le judiciaire<\/b><\/p>\n

Au lieu de s\u2019attaquer aux crite\u0300res d\u2019e\u0301ligibilite\u0301, il fallait re\u0301fle\u0301chir a\u0300 une re\u0301forme de la justice et de la Cour constitutionnelle. Il fallait chercher les voies et moyens de les rendre inde\u0301pendants et de les affranchir de l\u2019ombre tute\u0301laire du pre\u0301sident de la Re\u0301publique voire de son influence. Abondamment e\u0301voque\u0301s, \u00ables crite\u0300res lie\u0301s a\u0300 la nationalite\u0301 des candidats a\u0300 l\u2019e\u0301lection pre\u0301sidentielle et de leurs conjoints\u00bb constituent la partie e\u0301merge\u0301e de l\u2019iceberg. Comment s\u2019assurer de leur respect quand la justice est notoirement corrompue et aux ordres ? Comment en garantir l\u2019application sans songer a\u0300 l\u2019inde\u0301pendance de la juridiction constitutionnelle ? En re\u0301alite\u0301, le fond du de\u0301bat c\u2019est l\u2019e\u0301quilibre et la cohabitation des pouvoirs. Autrement dit, il fallait songer a\u0300 e\u0301tablir un syste\u0300me de poids et contrepoids entre l\u2019exe\u0301cutif et le judiciaire. Or, sur cette question, la sous-commission \u00abRe\u0301gime et institutions politiques\u00bb s\u2019est e\u0301trangement voulue peu diserte.<\/p>\n

Pays de grande tradition, dote\u0301 d\u2019une langue au rayonnement plane\u0301taire et d\u2019une monnaie forte soutenue par une e\u0301conomie solide, le Royaume-Uni n\u2019a pas de Constitution. Il n\u2019a, de ce fait, jamais de\u0301fini de crite\u0300res pour acce\u0301der au poste de Premier ministre, e\u0301quivalent de chef de l\u2019Etat. Pourtant, tout y marche bien ou presque. Pourquoi ? Du fait de l\u2019attachement de ses e\u0301lites dirigeantes aux traditions et grands principes, notamment ceux the\u0301orise\u0301s par John Locke et Montesquieu. Au lieu de durcir les re\u0300gles sans en e\u0301valuer l\u2019impact sur la socie\u0301te\u0301, le Gabon doit rappeler les fondamentaux. Ainsi, pourra-t-il s\u2019assurer du respect de la loi. Sans une justice inde\u0301pendante et sans une Cour constitutionnelle libre, aucun crite\u0300re ne sera jamais assez pertinent.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la Gabon<\/a>, suivez Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Gabon. En y regardant de pre\u0300s, certaines propositions exhalent des effluves de discrimination voire de stigmatisation. Or, le fond du de\u0301bat c\u2019est l\u2019e\u0301quilibre et la cohabitation entre l\u2019exe\u0301cutif et le judiciaire. Le Dialogue national inclusif (DNI) a pris fin le 30 avril dernier. Sur la vie politique et institutionnelle, comme sur l\u2019e\u0301conomie ou […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":38051,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,10],"tags":[36,50,49],"class_list":["post-38052","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politique","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-gabon","tag-gabon"],"yoast_head":"\nCrit\u00e8res d\u2019\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9 \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sidence de la R\u00e9publique : La face \u00e9merg\u00e9e de l\u2019iceberg - Gabon<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"En y regardant de pre\u0300s, certaines propositions exhalent des effluves de discrimination voire de stigmatisation. 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