Africa-Press – Guin\u00e9e. <\/strong><\/span>Le Yellowstone est bel et bien actif. Une e\u0301quipe de chercheurs a d’ailleurs re\u0301ussi a\u0300 identifier la zone ou\u0300 pourrait vraisemblablement se tenir la prochaine e\u0301ruption, tout en montrant que ce ne sera pas pour tout de suite.<\/p>\nLe Yellowstone est conside\u0301re\u0301 comme l’un des plus dangereux volcan au monde. Il s’agit en effet d’un supervolcan, que l’on sait capable de produire des e\u0301ruptions gigantesques. Si la dernie\u0300re e\u0301ruption date de quelque 70 000 ans, le volcan est cependant loin d’e\u0302tre e\u0301teint. Fumerolles, geysers, sources hydrothermales et se\u0301ismes indiquent en effet que le Yellowstone est bien actif.<\/p>\n
Les e\u0301tudes sismologiques ont d’ailleurs mis en e\u0301vidence la pre\u0301sence de magma entre 4 et 15 kilome\u0300tres de profondeur, sous la caldera. Le volume estime\u0301 fait froid dans le dos: il y aurait sous le Yellowstone jusqu’a\u0300 quatre fois plus de magma que le volume e\u0301mis lors de sa plus puissante e\u0301ruption !<\/p>\n
Un volcan sous surveillance<\/b><\/p>\n
Me\u0302me si pour l’instant rien n’indique qu’une e\u0301ruption majeure se pre\u0301pare, mieux vaut donc surveiller ce monstre de pre\u0300s. Une nouvelle e\u0301tude, dont les re\u0301sultats ont e\u0301te\u0301 publie\u0301s dans la revue Nature, a donc tente\u0301 de caracte\u0301riser plus pre\u0301cise\u0301ment le re\u0301servoir magmatique du supervolcan. Ici, les chercheurs n’ont toutefois pas utilise\u0301 la sismologie, mais des donne\u0301es magne\u0301totelluriques.<\/p>\n
Les donne\u0301es magne\u0301tolluriques mesurent la conductivite\u0301 e\u0301lectrique du sous-sol, une me\u0301thode qui permet d’imager la pre\u0301sence de magma en profondeur. La conductivite\u0301 e\u0301lectrique du magma est en effet bien plus importante que l’encaissant solide.<\/p>\n
Une prochaine e\u0301ruption certainement situe\u0301e au nord-est<\/b><\/p>\n
Les re\u0301sultats re\u0301ve\u0300lent ainsi qu’au lieu d’e\u0302tre stocke\u0301 au sein d’un seul et unique gros re\u0301servoir sous le Yellowstone, le magma se distribue dans quatre re\u0301servoirs disperse\u0301s sous la caldera. Toutefois, la fraction liquide dans ces re\u0301servoirs est relativement faible. Dans l’e\u0301tat actuel des choses, la quantite\u0301 de magma est insuffisante pour produire une e\u0301ruption. Les chercheurs notent toutefois que la plus importante zone de stockage de magma se situe sous la partie nord-est de la caldeira. Ce re\u0301servoir a la capacite\u0301 de stocker un volume de magma e\u0301quivalent a\u0300 celui de la plus petite e\u0301ruption ayant entrai\u0302ne\u0301 la formation d’une caldeira.<\/p>\n
Me\u0302me si actuellement ce re\u0301servoir n’est pas rempli, les chercheurs ont mis en e\u0301vidence la pre\u0301sence de roches magmatiques chaudes en profondeur qui maintiennent le magma pie\u0301ge\u0301 dans la crou\u0302te au niveau de ce re\u0301servoir. Tout laisse donc penser que la prochaine e\u0301ruption a toutes les chances de se tenir dans le nord-est de la caldeira. Mais que l’on se rassure, ce ne sera pas pour tout de suite !<\/p>\n
Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la Guin\u00e9e<\/span>, suivez Africa-Press<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"par Morgane Gillard Africa-Press – Guin\u00e9e. Le Yellowstone est bel et bien actif. Une e\u0301quipe de chercheurs a d’ailleurs re\u0301ussi a\u0300 identifier la zone ou\u0300 pourrait vraisemblablement se tenir la prochaine e\u0301ruption, tout en montrant que ce ne sera pas pour tout de suite. Le Yellowstone est conside\u0301re\u0301 comme l’un des plus dangereux volcan au […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":27353,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,10],"tags":[58],"class_list":["post-27354","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-guinee"],"yoast_head":"\n
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