{"id":15085,"date":"2022-05-27T08:00:50","date_gmt":"2022-05-27T08:00:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/are-journalists-under-digital-surveillance"},"modified":"2022-05-27T08:28:44","modified_gmt":"2022-05-27T08:28:44","slug":"are-journalists-under-digital-surveillance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/are-journalists-under-digital-surveillance","title":{"rendered":"Are Journalists under digital surveillance?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #ff6600\"><strong>Africa-Press &#8211; Lesotho. <\/strong><\/span>The above question was directed to Journalists gathered for Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA) Regional World Press Freedom Day commemoration at Bulawayo, Zimbabwe earlier this month.<\/p>\n<p>While making a presentation to the journalists about Digital Safety and Security, Sahara Geeks Network Coordinator Christopher Musodza said every digital tools user is under<\/p>\n<p>surveillance, more-so journalists due to their work. He said mobile phones are an integral part of a journalist\u2019s daily communication, thus, information sent<\/p>\n<p>from a mobile phone is vulnerable, information stored on mobile phones is vulnerable and phones are designed to give out information about their location.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe need to make informed decisions when using mobile phones, in order to protect ourselves, our contacts and our data.<\/p>\n<p>People often carry mobile phones that contain sensitive information. Communications history, text and voice messages, address books, calendar, photos and many other useful phone functions can become highly<\/p>\n<p>compromising if the phone or the data is lost or stolen. It is vital to be aware of the information that is stored, both actively and passively, on your<\/p>\n<p>mobile phone. Information stored on a phone could implicate the person using the phone as well as everyone in their address book, message inbox and photo<\/p>\n<p>album,\u201d Musodza disclosed. If a journalist is engaged in sensitive phone conversations or sending sensitive text messages, Musodza said they must beware of the tracking \u2018feature\u2019 of all mobile phones and consider<\/p>\n<p>among other things adopting the steps below: make calls from different locations each time and choose locations that are not associated with them, keep their phone turned off, with the battery disconnected, go to the chosen<\/p>\n<p>location, switch the phone on, communicate, switch the phone off and disconnect the battery. Doing this habitually, each time you have to make a call, will<\/p>\n<p>mean that the network cannot track your movements. On the issue of eavesdropping, Musodza recommended that a journalist must never let people whom they don\u2019t<\/p>\n<p>trust to get physical access to their phone as this is a common way of installing spying software on the phone. If they are conducting private and important<\/p>\n<p>meetings, they should switch their phones off and disconnect the battery, or don\u2019t carry their phones with them if they can leave them where it will be<\/p>\n<p>absolutely safe. According to the report published by State Of Press Freedom in Southern Africa (2020-2021), which was released and launched by the Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA) on World Press<\/p>\n<p>Freedom Day, the internet is increasingly becoming ubiquitous, thereby enhancing the exercise and enjoyment of citizens\u2019 rights in terms of \u2018access to<\/p>\n<p>information\u2019, \u2018freedom of expression\u2019 and the broader democratisation agenda. The report further states that journalists can now reach more audience than ever before because of the<\/p>\n<p>internet and new digital technologies. Though the long and short of it is that the citizens of southern Africa now have access to information at the tip of<\/p>\n<p>their fingers, literally. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) notes that privacy is a prerequisite for journalists to do their work and ensure access to fact-based<\/p>\n<p>and reliable information. In southern Africa, Botswana, Zambia and Zimbabwe are some of the countries that have been reported to have acquired sophisticated software to survey their citizens.<\/p>\n<p>Digital surveillance of citizens and by extension, of journalists is the latest threat to freedom of expression, freedom of the media, access to information and the<\/p>\n<p>right to privacy. It is estimated that nearly 45% of Africa\u2019s population are 10 kilometres away from network infrastructure. The vast majority of citizens in Southern Africa have access the internet through<\/p>\n<p>mobile network operators. Cybercrime laws which are meant to protect against online threats include hacking, identity theft, fraud phishing, pharming, spoofing, profiling, spyware, tracking cookies, online<\/p>\n<p>witch hunting, bullying and stalking, which tend to include backdoor clauses that allow countries to spy on their citizens without protective judicial<\/p>\n<p>oversight mechanisms to determine whether the surveillance is in the interests of national security or is unwarranted. The State of Press Freedom In Southern Africa 2020-2021 Report by MISA Lesotho\u2019s National Director Lekhetho<\/p>\n<p>Ntsukunyane says Lesotho has media laws that protect journalists and the media sector in general. On a positive note, in 2021, Parliament passed the Media<\/p>\n<p>Policy following over 25 years of advocacy for its adoption by MISA Lesotho and stakeholders. This policy offers protection for all citizens including<\/p>\n<p>journalists to seek, receive and impart information or ideas. The report further indicates that the radio industry grew exponentially towards the end of the 20th<\/p>\n<p>century when regional governments took a bold decision to liberalise the airwaves. In Lesotho, this brought to an end of the 40 year dominance of the airwaves by state owned Radio Lesotho.<\/p>\n<p>There are now close to 27 terrestrial radio stations and one online radio station but television broadcasting remains 100% state-owned with Lesotho national Broadcasting Services<\/p>\n<p>(LNBS) dominating the television broadcasting airwaves. Digital media such as blogs,<\/p>\n<p>online newspapers, online radio and television stations are also mushrooming. There are only six community radio stations which are covering 6 of the 10 districts in the country.<\/p>\n<p>Lack of security for journalists in Lesotho remains a cause for concern, especially when the country is about to hold elections. There is fear that the violations of journalists can escalate<\/p>\n<p>in 2022 as the country prepares for general elections. Some of the prominent violations during the period under review included the detention of 357FM Presenter Lebese<\/p>\n<p>Molati in November 2021 over his reports on the privately-owned radio station about the alleged disappearance of guns belonging to the police. Molati was<\/p>\n<p>released without a charge after he was tortured and forced to reveal the whereabouts of a police source he had interviewed. Lesotho has a 90% 3G coverage but<\/p>\n<p>according to various reports, 57% of the country\u2019s citizens do not use the internet. Of those who can afford data, 86% access it using smart phones. The majority of<\/p>\n<p>the population cannot afford the devices because of poverty levels. In Namibia, an Internet Society Namibia Chapter (ISOC) campaign raising awareness on online violence, shred a<\/p>\n<p>story of NBC Journalist Blanche Goroses, who had suffered violent rape and murder threats in the wake of the 2019 general elections. Another female Journalist<\/p>\n<p>reported incidents where empty coffins were sent to her on Facebook Messenger after her newspaper published an article she wrote. In Zambia, a young woman Iris<\/p>\n<p>Kaingu, who aspired for a parliamentary seat in the 2021 elections became the centre of attraction because of a \u201csex tape\u201d that was leaked in 2011 and kept<\/p>\n<p>emerging during the campaigns leading up to the 2021 elections. In another incident, a socialite called Mwinukanji sued and received a cash settlement of<\/p>\n<p>K50 000 (US$ 2 900) from a person who defamed and harassed her on Facebook. In Mozambique, in 2019, a female human rights defender Fatima Mimbre received intimidating messages and death<\/p>\n<p>threats on social media and abusive messages, allegedly sent by FRELIMO militants, who had publicly advocated for violence against Fatima on social media.<\/p>\n<p>In May 2019, Alice Tomas, a FREELIMO Member of Parliament called on Facebook for Fatima \u201cto be raped by 10 strong and energetic men to teach her a lesson.<\/p>\n<p>\u201d In Angola, Freedom House (2021) reported that there were sporadic government efforts to manipulate online content.<\/p>\n<p>It was further reported that online activists and journalists are sporadically targeted with threats, though they face less violence and harassment that journalists who operate mainly in the traditional media sphere.<\/p>\n<p>In Zimbabwe, female journalists and female politicians bear the brunt of cyber-bullying, harassment and non-consensual sharing of intimate images. Female journalists such as Ruvheneko<\/p>\n<p>Parirenyatwa and Samantha Musa have been bullied online. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer and Intersex (LGBTQI) community faces online violence with their<\/p>\n<p>personal information often exposed by intolerant members of the community, they also face threats of physical harm and even murder as a result of intolerance<\/p>\n<p>and homophobia. In South Africa, a new threat to women in journalism has emerged: cyber misogyny (hatred of women online), trolling or online social media bullying.<\/p>\n<p>A 2018 research report by Gender Links and the South African National Editors Forum (SANEF) showed that out of the journalists surveyed in the research, 30% women and 9% men agreed that<\/p>\n<p>women journalists do face cyber violence. While few women reported cyberstalking with a few saying they had been victims of unknown email or cell phone correspondence issuing violent threats, bullying and trolling, often of<\/p>\n<p>sexual nature. In Botswana, female journalists also experience online violence. In 2019, a Member of Parliament for Selebi Phikwe West, Dithapelo Koorapetse was accused by the media union of<\/p>\n<p>cyberbullying a female reporter, Tirelo Ditshipi. In another incident, MISA Botswana documented a case regarding a Botswana Investigative journalist Yvonne Mooka who exposed a<\/p>\n<p>prophet for illegal activities bordering on money laundering. The journalist was trolled online and harassed by those who did not like her investigative<\/p>\n<p>story. In Malawi, in 2019 Malawian WhatsApp groups were awash with a video of a woman who was being stripped naked by men for wearing political party regalia.<\/p>\n<p>This woman was stripped naked and ridiculed by men of an opposing political party. The men were eventually arrested and charged with insulting the modesty of a woman, robbery and use of force under the Penal Code.<\/p>\n<p><strong>For More News And Analysis About <a href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\">Lesotho<\/a> Follow <a href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/\">Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Africa-Press &#8211; Lesotho. The above question was directed to Journalists gathered for Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA) Regional World Press Freedom Day commemoration at Bulawayo, Zimbabwe earlier this month. While making a presentation to the journalists about Digital Safety and Security, Sahara Geeks Network Coordinator Christopher Musodza said every digital tools user is under [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":84,"featured_media":15084,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,3,8,16],"tags":[233,246,260,245],"class_list":["post-15085","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-all-news","category-community","category-homepage-english","category-twitter","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-lesotho","tag-digital","tag-lesotho"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.1 (Yoast SEO v27.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Are Journalists under digital surveillance? - Lesotho<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The above question was directed to Journalists gathered for Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA) Regional World Pre ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/are-journalists-under-digital-surveillance\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Are Journalists under digital surveillance?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The above question was directed to Journalists gathered for Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA) Regional World Pre ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/are-journalists-under-digital-surveillance\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Lesotho\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/AfricaPressTunisiaa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-05-27T08:00:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-05-27T08:28:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/sites\/62\/2022\/05\/postQueueImg_28-62908ba7113ef.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"720\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"478\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"cfeditoren\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"cfeditoren\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/are-journalists-under-digital-surveillance#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/are-journalists-under-digital-surveillance\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"cfeditoren\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/#\/schema\/person\/068c7ab4e9634ae78ec5d54ec46598bb\"},\"headline\":\"Are Journalists under digital surveillance?\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-05-27T08:00:50+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-05-27T08:28:44+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/are-journalists-under-digital-surveillance\"},\"wordCount\":1543,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/are-journalists-under-digital-surveillance#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/sites\/62\/2022\/05\/postQueueImg_28-62908ba7113ef.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Africa Press\",\"Africa Press-Lesotho\",\"digital\",\"Lesotho\"],\"articleSection\":[\"all news\",\"community\",\"homepage-english\",\"twitter\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/are-journalists-under-digital-surveillance#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/are-journalists-under-digital-surveillance\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/are-journalists-under-digital-surveillance\",\"name\":\"Are Journalists under digital surveillance? 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