{"id":26465,"date":"2023-03-18T08:55:52","date_gmt":"2023-03-18T08:55:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/three-years-on-the-covid-pandemic-may-never-end"},"modified":"2023-03-18T09:57:55","modified_gmt":"2023-03-18T09:57:55","slug":"three-years-on-the-covid-pandemic-may-never-end","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/three-years-on-the-covid-pandemic-may-never-end","title":{"rendered":"Three years on, the COVID pandemic may never end"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Lesotho. <\/strong><\/span>Three years ago, on March 11 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) director-general Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus first formally described Covid-19 as a pandemic.<\/p>\n

The impact of the pandemic on all aspects of society has been enormous, but we\u2019ve come a long way since March 2020. The toll of this novel coronavirus has been blunted thanks to responses across science, healthcare and public health.<\/p>\n

At this point, it\u2019s not unreasonable to wonder when the pandemic will be over. But the WHO continues to regard Covid as a pandemic. Let\u2019s take a look back at how we got here and explore where we might be heading.<\/p>\n

First, what actually is a pandemic?<\/b><\/p>\n

The term \u201cpandemic\u201d can have slightly different definitions depending on where you look. However, perhaps the most common use of the term applies to an emerging threat that is spreading across multiple countries: \u201can epidemic occurring worldwide\u201d.<\/p>\n

Essentially, a pandemic is one level above a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC). The WHO declared Covid a PHEIC (pronounced \u201cfake\u201d) on January 30, 2020.<\/p>\n

A PHEIC, as defined in the International Health Regulations, is \u201can extraordinary event\u201d where there\u2019s a risk of international disease spread, and which might require a coordinated international response.<\/p>\n

Previous examples include the 2014 West Africa Ebola outbreak, the 2016 emergence of the Zika virus, and the 2022 mpox (monkeypox) outbreak. Interestingly though, in contrast to a PHEIC, the WHO doesn\u2019t have the power to officially declare the start or end of a pandemic.<\/p>\n

This is because the term is not a category in the International Health Regulations, an important legal instrument. However, the WHO\u2019s labelling of Covid as a pandemic carries a lot of weight and it has become widely regarded as such.<\/p>\n

Emergency committees may decide what constitutes a pandemic versus a PHEIC based on factors including the severity of the disease, its mode of transmission, and its impact on nations.<\/p>\n

A transition point<\/b><\/p>\n

On January 30 2023, exactly three years after the PHEIC declaration, the WHO released a new statement indicating that Covid should still be regarded as a PHEIC, but noting that \u201cthe Covid-19 pandemic is probably at a transition point\u201d.<\/p>\n

This recognises the fact that high levels of immunity to Covid are now limiting its impact. The transition point refers to the de-escalation of Covid as a PHEIC, which some have speculated may happen in April.<\/p>\n

Indeed, Adhanom Ghebreyesus said in December 2022 that the WHO was hopeful that \u201cwe will be able to say that Covid-19 is no longer a global health emergency\u201d at in some point in 2023. This shift would lessen available funding and international co-ordination.<\/p>\n

This must be balanced alongside appropriate action that considers the continuing burden of Covid, recognising that each country will be at a different stage of their pandemic management.<\/p>\n

Vaccines changed the course of the pandemic. Prostock-studio\/Shutterstock In that statement, there\u2019s continued reference to an ongoing \u201cpandemic\u201d. This is not unreasonable, as COVID really continues to meet any commonly used definition.<\/p>\n

There is, and will be for the foreseeable future, sustained transmission across multiple countries alongside a significant burden of hospitalisations and deaths.<\/p>\n

Therefore, we may end up in the situation where there is technically an ongoing pandemic despite a declared end to the PHEIC. Such are the difficulties in defining the different stages of a global crisis.<\/p>\n

There are still around 150,000 confirmed cases globally each day, with many more not being recorded as real-time data management is relaxed across most countries.<\/p>\n

Nations such as China have reported numerous outbreaks across late 2022 and early 2023, with significant impact on their health services. Long Covid will continue to affect millions of people.<\/p>\n

The extensive misinformation from influential anti-vaccination activists continues to be a problem, with the WHO citing the need to \u201caddress the infodemic\u201d.<\/p>\n

So despite the incredible success of the Covid vaccines, and other public health efforts to bring outbreaks largely under control, the pandemic isn\u2019t yet past tense. We are, however, moving out of the emergency response phase.<\/p>\n

How did other pandemics end?<\/b><\/p>\n

There was a declared and definitive end to the 2009\u20132010 swine flu pandemic. This was a little easier due to the seasonal influenza patterns, something we don\u2019t see with Covid. Although real-time surveillance would have been limited, there were also relatively clear ends to the influenza pandemics of 1918\u20131919 and 1957\u20131958.<\/p>\n

The precise ends to pandemics further back in history such as the Black Death in the 14th century and the large-scale outbreak of smallpox in the 16th century are unclear, but ultimately defined from retrospective reporting in the history books, rather than scientific committees.<\/p>\n

It\u2019s somewhat easier to declare a new PHEIC or define the start of pandemic, compared with the end. If the outbreak simply does not end, then declaring a time point at which \u201cit\u2019s over\u201d is understandably tricky.<\/p>\n

As the WHO indicate in their recent statement, there needs to be a continued focus on Covid beyond any defined end of the public health emergency. This focus must remain even as countries consider how to mainstream their disease control into more routine public health and health service infrastructure.<\/p>\n

The Covid pandemic may never be over. However, the public health threat of this virus should continue to decline. The need to learn lessons from this pandemic ahead of the inevitable next time is essential.<\/p>\n

History has shown us that infectious diseases have the capacity to evolve and emerge unpredictably. The next pandemic may be just around the corner \u2013 and we don\u2019t know which corner.<\/p>\n

For More News And Analysis About Lesotho<\/a> Follow Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Lesotho. Three years ago, on March 11 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) director-general Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus first formally described Covid-19 as a pandemic. The impact of the pandemic on all aspects of society has been enormous, but we\u2019ve come a long way since March 2020. The toll of this novel coronavirus has been […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":84,"featured_media":26464,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,9],"tags":[233,246,245,1147],"class_list":["post-26465","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-all-news","category-miscellaneous","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-lesotho","tag-lesotho","tag-who"],"yoast_head":"\nThree years on, the COVID pandemic may never end - Lesotho<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Three years ago, on March 11 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) director-general Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus first for ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/three-years-on-the-covid-pandemic-may-never-end\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Three years on, the COVID pandemic may never end\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Three years ago, on March 11 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) director-general Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus first for ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/three-years-on-the-covid-pandemic-may-never-end\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Lesotho\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/AfricaPressTunisiaa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-03-18T08:55:52+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-03-18T09:57:55+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/sites\/62\/2023\/03\/postQueueImg_1679117206.12.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"594\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"cfeditoren\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"cfeditoren\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/three-years-on-the-covid-pandemic-may-never-end#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/three-years-on-the-covid-pandemic-may-never-end\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"cfeditoren\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/#\/schema\/person\/068c7ab4e9634ae78ec5d54ec46598bb\"},\"headline\":\"Three years on, the COVID pandemic may never end\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-03-18T08:55:52+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-03-18T09:57:55+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/three-years-on-the-covid-pandemic-may-never-end\"},\"wordCount\":934,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/three-years-on-the-covid-pandemic-may-never-end#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/sites\/62\/2023\/03\/postQueueImg_1679117206.12.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Africa Press\",\"Africa Press-Lesotho\",\"Lesotho\",\"WHO\"],\"articleSection\":[\"all news\",\"miscellaneous\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/three-years-on-the-covid-pandemic-may-never-end#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/three-years-on-the-covid-pandemic-may-never-end\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/three-years-on-the-covid-pandemic-may-never-end\",\"name\":\"Three years on, the COVID pandemic may never end - 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