{"id":8715,"date":"2022-01-17T11:06:21","date_gmt":"2022-01-17T11:06:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/mahatma-gandhis-move-for-the-abolition-of-the-indentured-labour-system-the-girmit"},"modified":"2022-01-17T13:54:44","modified_gmt":"2022-01-17T13:54:44","slug":"mahatma-gandhis-move-for-the-abolition-of-the-indentured-labour-system-the-girmit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/mahatma-gandhis-move-for-the-abolition-of-the-indentured-labour-system-the-girmit","title":{"rendered":"Mahatma Gandhi\u2019s Move for the abolition of the Indentured Labour System \u2013 the \u201cGirmit\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Lesotho. <\/strong><\/span>As we commemorate this 2nd November the 185th anniversary of the arrival of Indian Indentured workers in Mauritius, the one person to remember, one who did his utmost to get rid of this ignominious system is Mahatma Gandhi.<\/p>\n

It is no mere coincidence then that we are also celebrating the 150th anniversary of the birth of this great soul, who was not yet then a Mahatma, who spent 18 days in this land as from October 29th to 15th November 1901.<\/p>\n

Between 1893 and 1914 Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi had seen at close quarters the abominable and despicable treatment meted out to the \u201cgirmitias\u201d in South Africa.<\/p>\n

Every time he went to India during those 21 years there was only one thought uppermost in his mind: the plight of the \u201cgirmitiyas\u201d. He sought at every Congress meeting to acquaint its leaders with the sore and abject, humiliating, undignified conditions of the indentured labourers. Young barrister Gandhi was horrified and shocked by the dismaying condition of the girmityas and their descendants.<\/p>\n

So disturbed was the young barrister Gandhi by their trials and tribulations that he would certainly move for the abolition of the system , even at the cost of being beaten, kicked and humiliated several times in South Africa in defence of their cause, being identified and treated as one of them, \u2018a coolie\u2026\u2019.<\/p>\n

In \u2018The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi\u2019 by the Publications Division of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting of India (1st Edition 1964) one comes across several writings, letters, petitions, pleas and speeches of his relating to the abominable system of indenture. With quite a few of them referring to the plight of the Indian Indentures in Mauritius. He first made reference to Mauritius in May 1896.<\/p>\n

In a letter to Shri Gopal Krishna Gokhale in 1911, an eminent freedom fighter and leader of Indian National Congress, he wrote that Manilal Doctor, a young barrister (whom he had sent to Mauritius in 1907 to take up the cudgel on behalf of Indian labourers, planters, traders and merchants) was proceeding to India to attend an important meeting of the Indian National Congress where he would try to have a resolution passed to abolish the Indentured Labour System in the British Empire.<\/p>\n

He had even urged Shri Gokhale to visit Mauritius to familiarize himself with the dreadful conditions of Indians here. Again, in December 1915, in his speech on India and its colonies at the 30th Indian National Congress session held at Bombay he decried the system and submitted a resolution to the effect that the system of Indentured Labour is undesirable and urged its abolition because of its \u201chighly injurious and immoral effects\u201d.<\/p>\n

He also petitioned that \u201cthe self-governing colonies would extend to the Indian emigrants equal rights with the Europeans. \u201d In 1912, a motion to this effect by Gokhale was outvoted by the British members of the Imperial Legislative Council.<\/p>\n

Gandhiji remarked then that \u201cthe yoke, if it fell from the Negro\u2019s black neck was transferred to the brown neck of the Indian. \u201d For him the Indentured labour system had persisted because \u201cits bitterness like that of a sugared pill has been cleverly though consciously concealed.<\/p>\n

Gandhiji says in his autobiography \u2013 \u2018The Story of My Experiments with Truth\u2019 \u2013 \u201cIndia (then British) had tolerated the system through sheer negligence, and I believed the time had come when people could successfully agitate for this redress.<\/p>\n

\u201d He continues: \u201cI met some of the leaders, wrote in the press, and saw that public opinion was solidly in favour of immediate abolition.<\/p>\n

Gandhiji canvassed the issue in his autobiography, \u2018The Story of My Experiments with Truth\u2019, dedicating a whole chapter to \u201cAbolition of Indentured Emigration\u201d.<\/p>\n

He even strongly contemplated of having a Satyagraha to fight the system \u2013 \u201cMight this be a fit subject for Satyagraha?\u201d he mused. But he frankly admitted: \u201cI did not know the modus operandi.<\/p>\n

\u201d Gandhiji referred to rejection of moves by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, founder of the Banaras Hindu University, who had moved a resolution in March 1916 in the Legislative Council for the abolition.<\/p>\n

But it was turned down. Again, in February 1917, Pandit Malaviyaji asked for leave to introduce a bill for the immediate abolition of the system. Lord Chelmsford, Viceroy of India refused permission. So, the Mahatma now growing impatient at the state of things decided, \u201cit was time for me to act\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n

He decided to tour the country for an all-India agitation, starting from Bombay, and met with unbounded enthusiasm all over the country and support from prominent personalities, as reported in the \u201cBombay Secret Abstracts\u201d of March 2nd 1917.<\/p>\n

Meanwhile, a delegation of the colonial planters attended a Conference in London and met the Secretary of State Mr. J. Chamberlain to seek the repatriation of the indentured labourers (old and new and their descendants), arguing that they were not Mauritians, a move opposed by Gandhiji.<\/p>\n

The fear of the \u201cAsiatic Peril\u201d was predominant, also that the British may entrust the management of Mauritius to India for \u201cmore economical\u201d administration.<\/p>\n

\u201cIndian magistrates and officials would then be employed here at lower costs \u2018a vil prix\u2019.<\/p>\n

\u201d (Le Mauricien of Friday 25th October 2019 forum page 14, Article \u2013 \u201cThe Action Liberal collapsed opposite the Oligarchy\u2019s \u201cParti de L\u2019Ordre\u201d (1911) by Anand Moheeputh.<\/p>\n

Professor Hugh Tinker, noted historian wrote: \u201cThe Mauritians of Indian origin form over two-thirds of the population of the island, yet they remain an anonymous, uncommemorated mass of people, without any history, without any heroes,\u201d and \u201cThe labourer was confined to the coolie lines on the estate.<\/p>\n

\u201d In 1901, the year MK Gandhi had landed in Mauritius, in the total population of 370,588 there were 255,920 Indians, but they had no voice. But Gandhi acted as their voice heard at the important Calcutta Congress.<\/p>\n

Before 31st July 1917 the Government announced that Indentured emigration from India would be stopped, a long struggle from 1894 when he had drafted his first petition protesting against the system.<\/p>\n

Years later, in 1924, Gandhiji as President of the Indian National Congress could not help mentioning Mauritius and the semi-slavery system of indentureship.<\/p>\n

But he was also aware that some Mauritian white planters had toured India and recruited hundreds of indentured labourers for their sugar estates, despite the abolition of the system.<\/p>\n

It was then that a Commission of Enquiry headed by Kunwar Maharaj Singh was appointed by the British Raj. Its findings would definitely put a term to the system on 31st May 1924 in Mauritius.<\/p>\n

For More News And Analysis About Lesotho<\/a> Follow Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Lesotho. As we commemorate this 2nd November the 185th anniversary of the arrival of Indian Indentured workers in Mauritius, the one person to remember, one who did his utmost to get rid of this ignominious system is Mahatma Gandhi. It is no mere coincidence then that we are also celebrating the 150th anniversary […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":84,"featured_media":8714,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,8,9,16],"tags":[233,246,245,1418],"class_list":["post-8715","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-all-news","category-homepage-english","category-miscellaneous","category-twitter","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-lesotho","tag-lesotho","tag-mahatma-gandhi"],"yoast_head":"\nMahatma Gandhi\u2019s Move for the abolition of the Indentured Labour System \u2013 the \u201cGirmit\u201d - Lesotho<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"As we commemorate this 2nd November the 185th anniversary of the arrival of Indian Indentured workers in Mauritius, the ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/mahatma-gandhis-move-for-the-abolition-of-the-indentured-labour-system-the-girmit\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mahatma Gandhi\u2019s Move for the abolition of the Indentured Labour System \u2013 the \u201cGirmit\u201d\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"As we commemorate this 2nd November the 185th anniversary of the arrival of Indian Indentured workers in Mauritius, the ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/mahatma-gandhis-move-for-the-abolition-of-the-indentured-labour-system-the-girmit\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Lesotho\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/AfricaPressTunisiaa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-01-17T11:06:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-01-17T13:54:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/sites\/62\/2022\/01\/img-61e575065a682.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"768\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"402\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"cfeditoren\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"cfeditoren\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/mahatma-gandhis-move-for-the-abolition-of-the-indentured-labour-system-the-girmit#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/mahatma-gandhis-move-for-the-abolition-of-the-indentured-labour-system-the-girmit\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"cfeditoren\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/#\/schema\/person\/068c7ab4e9634ae78ec5d54ec46598bb\"},\"headline\":\"Mahatma Gandhi\u2019s Move for the abolition of the Indentured Labour System \u2013 the \u201cGirmit\u201d\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-01-17T11:06:21+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-01-17T13:54:44+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/mahatma-gandhis-move-for-the-abolition-of-the-indentured-labour-system-the-girmit\"},\"wordCount\":1083,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/mahatma-gandhis-move-for-the-abolition-of-the-indentured-labour-system-the-girmit#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/sites\/62\/2022\/01\/img-61e575065a682.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Africa Press\",\"Africa Press-Lesotho\",\"Lesotho\",\"Mahatma Gandhi\"],\"articleSection\":[\"all news\",\"homepage-english\",\"miscellaneous\",\"twitter\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/mahatma-gandhis-move-for-the-abolition-of-the-indentured-labour-system-the-girmit#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/mahatma-gandhis-move-for-the-abolition-of-the-indentured-labour-system-the-girmit\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/lesotho\/all-news\/mahatma-gandhis-move-for-the-abolition-of-the-indentured-labour-system-the-girmit\",\"name\":\"Mahatma Gandhi\u2019s Move for the abolition of the Indentured Labour System \u2013 the \u201cGirmit\u201d - 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