{"id":6730,"date":"2022-01-07T15:15:57","date_gmt":"2022-01-07T15:15:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/liberia\/all-news\/light-fingered-monkeys-threaten-critically-endangered-principe-thrush"},"modified":"2022-01-07T15:32:57","modified_gmt":"2022-01-07T15:32:57","slug":"light-fingered-monkeys-threaten-critically-endangered-principe-thrush","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/liberia\/all-news\/light-fingered-monkeys-threaten-critically-endangered-principe-thrush","title":{"rendered":"Light-fingered monkeys threaten critically endangered Pr\u00edncipe thrush"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Liberia. <\/strong><\/span>Camera traps have confirmed suspicions that mona monkeys are eating the eggs of the critically- endangered Pr\u00edncipe thrush. The monkeys and several other invasive species were brought to the then-uninhabited islands of Pr\u00edncipe and S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 by Portuguese sailors beginning in the 15th century.<\/p>\n

Conservation authorities are considering allowing hunting of the monkeys in Pr\u00edncipe Natural Park to reduce their numbers, but further research to understand their place in the ecology is needed.<\/p>\n

Conservationists using camera traps have obtained evidence that shows mona monkeys on the island of Pr\u00edncipe off Central Africa are pinching the eggs of the Pr\u00edncipe thrush, a critically endangered species whose entire population is estimated at less than 250.<\/p>\n

Although it was thought to be likely, until now there was no firm evidence to prove the monkeys (Cercopithecus mona) were robbing the nests of the Pr\u00edncipe thrush (Turdus xanthorhynchus), a starling-sized bird with an olive-brown back, white-flecked breast and bright yellow bill.<\/p>\n

Mona monkeys came to Pr\u00edncipe and its sister island of S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 centuries ago, possibly as Portuguese sailors\u2019 pets. The islands, now the Democratic Republic of S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 and Pr\u00edncipe, lie in the Gulf of Guinea.<\/p>\n

Originally uninhabited and covered with evergreen forest, S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 and Principe were colonized by Portugal in the 1470s. In addition to the monkeys, the sailors also brought with them dogs, cats, pigs, rats, mice and African civet cats (Civettictis civetta) over the centuries.<\/p>\n

\u201cThis is indeed a very global issue \u2014 the invasive species \u2014 and there is so much to find out and do that I feel we are only starting to see the tip of the iceberg,\u201d said Estrela Matilde, executive director of Funda\u00e7ao Pr\u00edncipe, a local conservation NGO that\u2019s studying the impact of these introduced mammals on the Pr\u00edncipe thrush and other native species.<\/p>\n

The camera traps were set up to monitor 55 artificial thrush nests baited with quail eggs during a survey carried out from September 2020 through August 2021 in Pr\u00edncipe Natural Park, the bird\u2019s last stronghold in the south of the island.<\/p>\n

Of the 55 nests, 42% were pilfered by animals within six days, a team led by Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Pr\u00edncipe wrote in a brief report published in the journal Oryx. Mona monkeys were responsible for 18% of those events. Other predators could not be identified. Matilde told Mongabay this was because the images were overexposed, or the cameras malfunctioned.<\/p>\n

One of the active thrush nests monitored by the team was visited five times by mona monkeys until the parent birds abandoned it on July 6. These findings offer \u201ccompelling evidence that breeding activity of this Critically Endangered bird is being disrupted by mona monkeys,\u201d the authors state.<\/p>\n

Before this study, only one Pr\u00edncipe thrush nest had ever been found. The Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Pr\u00edncipe team found four active thrush nests, which are woven from moss and plant roots and tucked into rock and tree cavities. They saw no eggs or chicks, though the team did spot two young thrushes at the end of 2020.<\/p>\n

Monkeys were likely not the only ones responsible for robbing the nests. A 2019 survey found other potential predators in thrush breeding sites. \u201cWe have footage of the highest peaks, and there are cats there and dogs there and there are rats everywhere,\u201d Matilde said, noting that rats are often stealthy enough to avoid triggering camera traps and may be responsible for a large number of nest robberies.<\/p>\n

Mona monkeys are a popular game species with local hunters, but this pressure has driven them into Pr\u00edncipe Natural Park where hunting is banned, and their numbers have increased inside the park.<\/p>\n

Matilde says plans are being considered to allow some controlled hunting within the park to reduce their numbers to try to protect the thrush. But every intervention has to be carefully thought out.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe do not understand yet the dynamics between invasive and native and it may be that there is some balance that can be disrupted if we start hunting monkeys,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n

Support from the island\u2019s hunters may help the researchers in another way, by shedding more light on exactly what the animals are eating. Forty-three samples were taken from the stomachs of monkeys shot by hunters in the buffer zone and forests around the park and sent to a laboratory in Portugal for testing. The stomach contents of three civet cats were also sent. The results are not yet available.<\/p>\n

Martim Melo, from the University of Porto\u2019s Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, in Portugal, said that while controlled hunting of the monkeys within the park may reduce pressure on the thrush and benefit several other species, total eradication of invasive mammals is usually the only practical solution.<\/p>\n

However Melo, who was not involved with the Oryx study, said, that this is rarely possible. In Pr\u00edncipe, where monkey meat provides both food and income to islanders, it would also be unpopular.<\/p>\n

Melo and colleagues carried out a study in 2007 that got the Pr\u00edncipe thrush classified as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List. They also used analyses of the thrush\u2019s songs, DNA and physical traits to confirm it as a separate species from the S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 thrush<\/p>\n

The two had been lumped together as a single species since 1924, initially masking the threats facing the Pr\u00edncipe thrush. Its struggle for survival, compared to that of the flourishing S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 thrush just 150 kilometers (93 miles) away, has sparked much speculation among scientists.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe always wondered if the introduction of mona monkeys led to the extinction of several species before their discovery for science and if the native bird community we see now represents those species that were able to withstand their pressure \u2014 with the Pr\u00edncipe thrush being a case of a species struggling to do so,\u201d Melo said.<\/p>\n

In addition to having different songs and different plumage, one key trait that sets the Pr\u00edncipe thrush apart from its S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 relative is its tameness. This is something that Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Principe\u2019s Matilde witnessed nine years ago after she had just moved to the island from Portugal.<\/p>\n

She and a group of friends were on a camping trip in Pico Mesa, a large mountain in Pr\u00edncipe Natural Park. Matilde had lugged heavy cameras, binoculars and even a telescope to the summit in the hope of seeing a Pr\u00edncipe thrush. She didn\u2019t spot one there, but back at the campsite the next day one of the birds approached her friend out of curiosity while she was crouched in the undergrowth, taking a pee. Matilde told her friend not to move while she photographed the bird, much to her friend\u2019s frustration. After that encounter, the Pr\u00edncipe thrush claimed a \u201cvery special place in my heart,\u201d Matilde said. \u201cThey seem not to see badness in the world.\u201d<\/p>\n

For More News And Analysis About Liberia<\/a> Follow Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Liberia. Camera traps have confirmed suspicions that mona monkeys are eating the eggs of the critically- endangered Pr\u00edncipe thrush. The monkeys and several other invasive species were brought to the then-uninhabited islands of Pr\u00edncipe and S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 by Portuguese sailors beginning in the 15th century. Conservation authorities are considering allowing hunting of the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":84,"featured_media":6729,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,8,9,16],"tags":[233,237,234],"class_list":["post-6730","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-all-news","category-homepage-english","category-miscellaneous","category-twitter","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-liberia","tag-liberia"],"yoast_head":"\nLight-fingered monkeys threaten critically endangered Pr\u00edncipe thrush - Liberia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Camera traps have confirmed suspicions that mona monkeys are eating the eggs of the critically- endangered Pr\u00edncipe thru ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/liberia\/all-news\/light-fingered-monkeys-threaten-critically-endangered-principe-thrush\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Light-fingered monkeys threaten critically endangered Pr\u00edncipe thrush\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Camera traps have confirmed suspicions that mona monkeys are eating the eggs of the critically- endangered Pr\u00edncipe thru ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/liberia\/all-news\/light-fingered-monkeys-threaten-critically-endangered-principe-thrush\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Liberia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/AfricaPressTunisiaa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-01-07T15:15:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-01-07T15:32:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/liberia\/sites\/37\/2022\/01\/img-61d85ced8406b.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"cfeditoren\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"cfeditoren\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/liberia\/all-news\/light-fingered-monkeys-threaten-critically-endangered-principe-thrush#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/liberia\/all-news\/light-fingered-monkeys-threaten-critically-endangered-principe-thrush\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"cfeditoren\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/liberia\/#\/schema\/person\/068c7ab4e9634ae78ec5d54ec46598bb\"},\"headline\":\"Light-fingered monkeys threaten critically endangered Pr\u00edncipe thrush\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-01-07T15:15:57+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-01-07T15:32:57+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/liberia\/all-news\/light-fingered-monkeys-threaten-critically-endangered-principe-thrush\"},\"wordCount\":1173,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/liberia\/all-news\/light-fingered-monkeys-threaten-critically-endangered-principe-thrush#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/liberia\/sites\/37\/2022\/01\/img-61d85ced8406b.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Africa Press\",\"Africa Press-Liberia\",\"Liberia\"],\"articleSection\":[\"all news\",\"homepage-english\",\"miscellaneous\",\"twitter\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/liberia\/all-news\/light-fingered-monkeys-threaten-critically-endangered-principe-thrush#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/liberia\/all-news\/light-fingered-monkeys-threaten-critically-endangered-principe-thrush\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/liberia\/all-news\/light-fingered-monkeys-threaten-critically-endangered-principe-thrush\",\"name\":\"Light-fingered monkeys threaten critically endangered Pr\u00edncipe thrush - 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