{"id":42034,"date":"2026-03-27T12:22:00","date_gmt":"2026-03-27T12:22:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/madagascar\/politique\/cachalots-utilisent-des-coups-de-tete-selon-drone"},"modified":"2026-04-19T14:10:11","modified_gmt":"2026-04-19T14:10:11","slug":"cachalots-utilisent-des-coups-de-tete-selon-drone","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/madagascar\/toutes-les-actualites\/cachalots-utilisent-des-coups-de-tete-selon-drone","title":{"rendered":"Cachalots Utilisent des Coups de T\u00eate Selon Drone"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"ap-article-header-tag\"> <strong>Africa-Press &#8211; Madagascar. <\/strong> <\/span>Je me suis retourne\u0301 et je l\u2019ai vu a\u0300 environ 500 me\u0300tres devant nous, fonc\u0327ant a\u0300 deux fois sa vitesse habituelle d\u2019environ 24 n\u0153uds, et son visage semblait de\u0301cuple\u0301 par la fureur et la vengeance. Les vagues jaillissaient de toutes parts autour de lui au rythme des violents coups de sa queue. Sa te\u0302te e\u0301mergeait a\u0300 moitie\u0301 de l\u2019eau, et c\u2019est ainsi qu\u2019il nous a percute\u0301s et a de nouveau heurte\u0301 le navire \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Ces lignes ont e\u0301te\u0301 e\u0301crites par un certain Owen Chase dans la premie\u0300re moitie\u0301 du 19e sie\u0300cle. L\u2019homme e\u0301tait alors le second du baleinier Essex, un navire de 27 me\u0300tres qui a coule\u0301 apre\u0300s deux attaques frontales mene\u0301es par un grand cachalot ma\u0302le au large des Galapagos en 1820. Un e\u0301ve\u0301nement qui a inspire\u0301 le \u00ab Moby Dick \u00bb d\u2019Herman Melville.<\/p>\n<p>Et l\u2019Essex n\u2019a pas e\u0301te\u0301 le seul navire a\u0300 sombrer de cette fac\u0327on. Le Ann Alexander et le Kathleen ont subi le me\u0302me sort. Par ailleurs, il s\u2019ave\u0300re que ces puissants coups de te\u0302te ne seraient pas uniquement destine\u0301s aux navires. En effet, des cachalots ont e\u0301te\u0301 vus frapper ainsi des conge\u0301ne\u0300res. Cependant, ce comportement n\u2019avait jamais e\u0301te\u0301 de\u0301crit scientifiquement. Une e\u0301tude europe\u0301enne comble aujourd\u2019hui ce manque gra\u0302ce a\u0300 des images capte\u0301es par un drone.<\/p>\n<p>Une force d\u2019impact qui peut e\u0302tre conside\u0301rable<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019analyse de ces images, tourne\u0301es aux Ac\u0327ores et aux i\u0302les Bale\u0301ares, a e\u0301te\u0301 de\u0301taille\u0301e dans une nouvelle e\u0301tude publie\u0301e le 23 mars 2026 dans la revue spe\u0301cialise\u0301e Marine Mammal Science. L\u2019une des trois interactions impliquait deux jeunes ma\u0302les et une femelle. L\u2019un d\u2019eux a donne\u0301 un coup de te\u0302te a\u0300 cette dernie\u0300re, un choc qui a \u00ab implique\u0301 une force importante \u00bb, relate l\u2019e\u0301tude. Le corps de la femelle a me\u0302me e\u0301te\u0301 de\u0301place\u0301 par l\u2019impact.<\/p>\n<p>Les cachalots mettent donc des coups de te\u0302te, frappant soit la te\u0302te de leurs conge\u0301ne\u0300res, soit leur corps. Et la force d\u2019impact peut parfois e\u0302tre conside\u0301rable. Les auteurs de cette nouvelle e\u0301tude ont note\u0301 une vitesse maximale d\u2019approche avant le choc de 3,6 m.s-1, soit pre\u0300s de 13 kilome\u0300tres a\u0300 l\u2019heure.<\/p>\n<p>Lors de l\u2019exemple relate\u0301 plus haut, les chercheurs estiment que le coup de te\u0302te a de\u0301livre\u0301 une force de 200 kilonewtons sur la femelle cible\u0301e. En comparaison, une locomotive de fret e\u0301lectrique dispose d\u2019une force de traction de 300 kilonewtons, explique sur son site l\u2019entreprise de transport ferroviaire Alstom. La puissance de\u0301ploye\u0301e par les cachalots est donc immense.<\/p>\n<p>Une utilite\u0301 toujours inconnue<\/p>\n<p>Pourquoi les cachalots mettent-ils des coups de te\u0302te? Pour l\u2019instant, les chercheurs ne peuvent faire que des hypothe\u0300ses. Il peut s\u2019agir d\u2019une agression pure et simple, de compe\u0301titions entre ma\u0302les ou aussi de jeux, mais inde\u0301niablement de jeux brutaux qui peuvent d\u2019ailleurs annoncer un combat ou pre\u0301parer les jeunes ma\u0302les a\u0300 de futures rivalite\u0301s. Les chercheurs espe\u0300rent que d\u2019autres images pourront les aider a\u0300 y voir plus clair sur l\u2019utilite\u0301 de ce comportement.<\/p>\n<p class=\"ap-article-footer-note\">Retrouvez plus d\u2019actualit\u00e9s et d\u2019analyses sur <span class=\"ap-highlight-country\">Madagascar<\/span> sur le site <span class=\"ap-highlight-brand\">Africa Press<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Africa-Press &#8211; Madagascar. Je me suis retourne\u0301 et je l\u2019ai vu a\u0300 environ 500 me\u0300tres devant nous, fonc\u0327ant a\u0300 deux fois sa vitesse habituelle d\u2019environ 24 n\u0153uds, et son visage semblait de\u0301cuple\u0301 par la fureur et la vengeance. Les vagues jaillissaient de toutes parts autour de lui au rythme des violents coups de sa queue. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":42033,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,10],"tags":[49],"class_list":["post-42034","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-madagascar"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.1 (Yoast SEO v27.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Cachalots Utilisent des Coups de T\u00eate Selon Drone - Madagascar<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"-article-header-tag&quot;&gt; Africa-Press - Madagascar. 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