{"id":12936,"date":"2022-01-20T17:06:57","date_gmt":"2022-01-20T17:06:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/politique\/electricite-une-autre-transition-se-profile"},"modified":"2022-01-20T18:01:43","modified_gmt":"2022-01-20T18:01:43","slug":"electricite-une-autre-transition-se-profile","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/homepage-french\/electricite-une-autre-transition-se-profile","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9lectricit\u00e9 : une autre transition se profile"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Mali. <\/strong><\/span>Le pays, confront\u00e9 \u00e0 une crise \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, entend se concentrer sur le renouvelable pour am\u00e9liorer sa production. Des investissements sont en cours, notamment dans le solaire, jug\u00e9 plus facile \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper. Reste \u00e0 mobiliser les financements.<\/p>\n

Pour r\u00e9ussir sa transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, le Mali a d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de mettre l\u2019accent sur le solaire, \u00ab facile \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper \u00bb, selon Th\u00e9ra Aminata Fofana, directrice nationale de l\u2019\u00c9nergie. Des projets sont aussi en cours sur l\u2019\u00e9olien, la biomasse et l\u2019hydro\u00e9lectricit\u00e9. \u00c0 Kita, depuis mars 2020, Akuo Energy exploite une centrale solaire qui vend de l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 \u00e0 \u00c9nergie du Mali (EDM), qui souffre depuis des ann\u00e9es de probl\u00e8mes de mauvaise gouvernance, de d\u00e9ficit de production, et d\u2019infrastructures d\u00e9fectueuses.<\/p>\n

Partenariats \u00e9miratis et fran\u00e7ais<\/b><\/p>\n

En mai 2021, le ministre de l\u2019\u00c9nergie et de l\u2019Eau, Lamine Seydou Traor\u00e9, expliquait \u00e0 Jeune Afrique qu\u2019au Mali \u00ab 60 % [contre 30 % d\u00e9but 2000] de l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 est issue du thermique, qui en plus d\u2019\u00eatre une source d\u2019\u00e9nergie fossile est aussi tr\u00e8s on\u00e9reuse \u00bb. Au-del\u00e0 des cons\u00e9quences d\u2019une \u00ab inversion du mix \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique \u00bb, les probl\u00e8mes d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9, qui donnent souvent lieu \u00e0 des manifestations jusque devant le si\u00e8ge d\u2019EDM, sont la r\u00e9sultante de d\u00e9cennies de \u00ab d\u00e9ficit d\u2019investissements \u00bb. Le ministre avait alors annonc\u00e9 \u00ab un plan massif d\u2019investissement dans des sources d\u2019\u00e9nergies moins on\u00e9reuses \u00bb.<\/p>\n

Selon la direction nationale de l\u2019\u00c9nergie, le Mali a favoris\u00e9 le partenariat public-priv\u00e9 pour le d\u00e9veloppement de centrales solaires. La politique \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, adopt\u00e9e en 2006, est en cours de relecture \u00ab pour mettre l\u2019accent sur les sources d\u2019\u00e9nergies renouvelables \u00bb et \u00ab donner aux Maliens une \u00e9nergie de qualit\u00e9 et \u00e0 moindre co\u00fbt \u00bb. \u00c0 ce jour, environ sept conventions ont \u00e9t\u00e9 sign\u00e9es entre le gouvernement et des partenaires pour d\u00e9velopper des centrales solaires.<\/p>\n

Ces partenariats dans le solaire sont nou\u00e9s avec des entreprises qui, selon la directrice, exigent des garanties pour s\u00e9curiser leurs investissements. Deux groupes \u00e9miratis ont acquis des centrales au Mali : Amea Power \u00e0 Tiakadougou Dialakoro (50 MW \u00e0 44 milliards de F CFA) et Phanes Group \u00e0 Bla (96 MW \u00e0 67,7 milliards de F CFA. \u00c0 Fana, le groupe fran\u00e7ais Legendre compte d\u00e9velopper une centrale d\u2019une capacit\u00e9 de 50 MW et dont le co\u00fbt s\u2019\u00e9l\u00e8ve \u00e0 60 milliards de F CFA. A S\u00e9gou, Sikasso, Koutiala, des projets de centrale sont en cours de d\u00e9veloppement.<\/p>\n

R\u00e9guler le r\u00e9seau<\/b><\/p>\n

Parmi ces centrales, seule celle de Sounsoukoro, sur la route de Ouelessebougou, comporte un stockage \u00ab permettant de prendre en compte le caract\u00e8re intermittent du solaire pour r\u00e9guler le r\u00e9seau \u00bb. Et, last but not least, le Syst\u00e8me d\u2019\u00e9changes d\u2019\u00e9nergie \u00e9lectrique de la Cedeao a en projet de d\u00e9velopper des centrales d\u2019environ 150 MW \u00e0 Fana et \u00e0 Bougouni.<\/p>\n

Les investissements couvrent aussi les domaines de l\u2019\u00e9olien \u2013 dont un en cours dans la r\u00e9gion de Kayes \u2013 et de l\u2019hydro\u00e9lectricit\u00e9, notamment \u00e0 Djenne et \u00e0 Kourouba, o\u00f9 des sites mini-micro ont \u00e9t\u00e9 am\u00e9nag\u00e9s. L\u2019\u00c9tat malien, pour doubler la centrale hydro\u00e9lectrique de Sotuba, s\u2019est endett\u00e9. Ces efforts, pour la directrice de l\u2019\u00c9nergie, visent d\u2019abord et avant tout \u00e0 augmenter la production nationale.<\/p>\n

En pleine p\u00e9riode de canicule, en avril 2021, et face aux manifestations contre les d\u00e9lestages \u00e0 Bamako, le ministre Traor\u00e9 avait sollicit\u00e9 le soutien \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique de la C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire qui n\u2019avait pu voler \u00e0 son secours. \u00ab Le solaire est intermittent, il diminue l\u2019utilisation de la source thermique mais sans offrir de possibilit\u00e9s de stockage. On ne peut s\u00fbrement pas se d\u00e9barrasser du thermique \u00bb, pr\u00e9cise la directrice.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la Mali<\/a>, suivez Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Mali. Le pays, confront\u00e9 \u00e0 une crise \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, entend se concentrer sur le renouvelable pour am\u00e9liorer sa production. Des investissements sont en cours, notamment dans le solaire, jug\u00e9 plus facile \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper. Reste \u00e0 mobiliser les financements. Pour r\u00e9ussir sa transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, le Mali a d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de mettre l\u2019accent sur le solaire, \u00ab […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":12935,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,12,11,17],"tags":[76,86,421,19],"class_list":["post-12936","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dossiers","category-economie","category-homepage-french","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-mali","tag-electricite","tag-mali"],"yoast_head":"\n\u00c9lectricit\u00e9 : une autre transition se profile - Mali<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le pays, confront\u00e9 \u00e0 une crise \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, entend se concentrer sur le renouvelable pour am\u00e9liorer sa production. 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