{"id":19421,"date":"2022-05-24T22:06:36","date_gmt":"2022-05-24T22:06:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/politique\/face-aux-sanctions-les-banquiers-resistent"},"modified":"2022-05-24T22:35:26","modified_gmt":"2022-05-24T22:35:26","slug":"face-aux-sanctions-les-banquiers-resistent","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/homepage-french\/face-aux-sanctions-les-banquiers-resistent","title":{"rendered":"face aux sanctions, les banquiers r\u00e9sistent"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Mali. <\/strong><\/span>Si le syst\u00e8me financier malien semble totalement asphyxi\u00e9 par l\u2019embargo d\u00e9cid\u00e9 d\u00e9but janvier par la Cedeao, les banques locales font, au quotidien, preuve de r\u00e9silience. Mais pour encore combien de temps ?<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e8s de cinq mois apr\u00e8s leur mise en place, les sanctions \u00e9conomiques de la Communaut\u00e9 \u00e9conomique des \u00c9tats d\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Ouest (Cedeao) contre le Mali sont per\u00e7ues comme un gros plomb dans l\u2019aile des banques locales, notamment quant \u00e0 leur mission de financeur de l\u2019\u00e9conomie du pays. Le gel des avoirs \u00e0 de l\u2019\u00c9tat malien et des entreprises publiques et parapubliques au sein de la Banque centrale des \u00c9tats d\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Ouest (BCEAO), ainsi que le blocage des transferts de l\u2019\u00c9tat malien via les syst\u00e8mes de paiement de la Banque centrale, enraillent le syst\u00e8me.<\/p>\n

\u00ab En tant que banquier, mon intervention est d\u00e9licate, surtout vis-\u00e0-vis de la Banque centrale qui verrouille \u2013 officieusement \u2013 nos op\u00e9rations. Son objectif \u00e9tant d\u2019atteindre les autorit\u00e9s \u00bb, d\u00e9plore un responsable d\u2019\u00e9tablissement malien, qui souhaite conserver l\u2019anonymat. \u00c0 l\u2019instar de nombre de ses confr\u00e8res, le banquier pointe du doigt les activit\u00e9s interbancaires de plus en plus complexes \u00e0 r\u00e9aliser, de m\u00eame que les op\u00e9rations de refinancement ou encore les transferts ext\u00e9rieurs.<\/p>\n

Ralentissement des investissements<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00ab Bien s\u00fbr, si les r\u00e8gles de jeu changent en cours de match, sans base l\u00e9gale et sans r\u00e9glementation, c\u2019est encore plus compliqu\u00e9 \u00bb, d\u00e9plore notre interlocuteur. Et d\u2019ajouter : \u00ab Mais on peut r\u00e9sister encore longtemps gr\u00e2ce au dynamisme interne de l\u2019\u00e9conomie. Sans faillite bancaire, et ce m\u00eame sans l\u2019assistance de la Banque centrale. \u00bb<\/p>\n

Dans l\u2019ensemble, les quinze banques et les deux \u00e9tablissements financiers que compte le Mali ont r\u00e9alis\u00e9 un total bilan de 5 629,6 milliards F CFA en 2021 (8,6 milliards d\u2019euros), soit une hausse de 11,8 % sur un an. Malgr\u00e9 ces performances, d\u2019autres op\u00e9rateurs se montrent plus alarmistes. \u00ab La situation est difficile, et si rien n\u2019est fait, nous courons \u00e0 la catastrophe \u00bb, lance le directeur d\u2019une banque.<\/p>\n

\u00ab L\u2019investissement ralentira, puisque les banques ne collectent plus assez d\u2019\u00e9pargne et n\u2019ont qu\u2019un acc\u00e8s mod\u00e9r\u00e9 aux guichets de la Banque centrale, d\u00e9plore \u00e9galement un \u00e9conomiste de la sous-r\u00e9gion. Elles ne peuvent donc pas afficher le m\u00eame dynamisme de cr\u00e9dit \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9conomie qu\u2019auparavant, d\u2019autant que l\u2019\u00c9tat, premier investisseur, en est exclu. \u00bb Pour se financer, celui-ci est en effet \u00ab contraint \u00bb d\u2019utiliser les recettes d\u2019exportation (or, coton, dont la production est estim\u00e9e \u00e0 810 000 tonnes cette ann\u00e9e), log\u00e9es \u00e0 la Banque nationale du d\u00e9veloppement agricole du Mali (BNDA) et \u00e0 la Banque de d\u00e9veloppement du Mali (BDM).<\/p>\n

D\u00e9fauts de paiement<\/b><\/p>\n

Selon la Commission bancaire de l\u2019Union \u00e9conomique et mon\u00e9taire ouest-africaine (Uemoa), en 2018, le paysage bancaire malien \u00e9tait compos\u00e9 de sept banques de grande taille (bilan sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 200 milliards F CFA), cinq banques de taille moyenne (entre 100 milliards et 200 milliards F CFA) et cinq banques de petite taille (inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 100 milliards F CFA). Entre 2014 et 2019, leurs actifs ont sensiblement progress\u00e9, passant de 3 224, 244 \u00e0 5 026, 090 milliards F CFA. Entre 2018 et 2019, la croissance de ces actifs \u00e9tait de 6,6 %, contre 6 % entre 2017 et 2018.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Le Mali est le quatri\u00e8me pool bancaire de l\u2019Union, la moiti\u00e9 des banques y est capable d\u2019obtenir des appuis de leur maison m\u00e8re de fa\u00e7on l\u00e9gale. L\u2019embargo cantonne l\u2019utilisation de ces fonds \u00e0 des activit\u00e9s non-souveraines \u00bb, rappelle un banquier. Malgr\u00e9 les sanctions ouest-africaines, les banques maliennes r\u00e9sistent donc bien pour le moment. Aucun \u00e9tablissement financier n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 plac\u00e9 sous administration provisoire du fait de la d\u00e9gradation de ses ratios. Les instruments de transferts de la BCEAO fonctionnent pour les biens et denr\u00e9es non cibl\u00e9s par les sanctions, comme les m\u00e9dicaments\u2026<\/p>\n

En revanche, le gel des avoirs publics et le blocage des transferts transitant par le syst\u00e8me de paiement de la Banque centrale paralyse les \u00e9tablissements financiers maliens. Ni l\u2019\u00c9tat ni les banques ne parviennent \u00e0 rembourser les pr\u00eats \u00e0 bonne date. \u00c0 la fin de mars, Bamako n\u2019a pas r\u00e9gl\u00e9 46, 32 milliards F CFA d\u2019obligation du Tr\u00e9sor en capital et int\u00e9r\u00eats. Le montant total des d\u00e9fauts de paiement de la dette dus aux sanctions li\u00e9es aux coups d\u2019\u00c9tat a ainsi atteint 180 millions de dollars (171 millions d\u2019euros).<\/p>\n

\u00ab Le pays est asphyxi\u00e9 sur le plan de la liquidit\u00e9, et les banques n\u2019arrivent plus \u00e0 servir la client\u00e8le \u00bb, constate un dirigeant de banque. Alors que l\u2019\u00e9conomie p\u00e2tit de ces restrictions, l\u2019Association professionnelle des banques et \u00e9tablissement financiers (APBEF-Mali) sonne l\u2019alerte, appelant au dialogue pour une issue diplomatique.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la Mali<\/a>, suivez Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Mali. Si le syst\u00e8me financier malien semble totalement asphyxi\u00e9 par l\u2019embargo d\u00e9cid\u00e9 d\u00e9but janvier par la Cedeao, les banques locales font, au quotidien, preuve de r\u00e9silience. Mais pour encore combien de temps ? Pr\u00e8s de cinq mois apr\u00e8s leur mise en place, les sanctions \u00e9conomiques de la Communaut\u00e9 \u00e9conomique des \u00c9tats d\u2019Afrique de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":19420,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,11,17],"tags":[76,86,19],"class_list":["post-19421","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dossiers","category-homepage-french","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-mali","tag-mali"],"yoast_head":"\nface aux sanctions, les banquiers r\u00e9sistent - Mali<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Si le syst\u00e8me financier malien semble totalement asphyxi\u00e9 par l\u2019embargo d\u00e9cid\u00e9 d\u00e9but janvier par la Cedeao, les banques ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/homepage-french\/face-aux-sanctions-les-banquiers-resistent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"face aux sanctions, les banquiers r\u00e9sistent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Si le syst\u00e8me financier malien semble totalement asphyxi\u00e9 par l\u2019embargo d\u00e9cid\u00e9 d\u00e9but janvier par la Cedeao, les banques ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/homepage-french\/face-aux-sanctions-les-banquiers-resistent\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Mali\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/AfricaPressTunisiaa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-05-24T22:06:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-05-24T22:35:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/mali\/sites\/21\/2022\/05\/postQueueImg_26-628d5d9eeeb21.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"592\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"296\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"cfeditorfr\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"cfeditorfr\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/homepage-french\/face-aux-sanctions-les-banquiers-resistent#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/homepage-french\/face-aux-sanctions-les-banquiers-resistent\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"cfeditorfr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/#\/schema\/person\/2b1cf3cd81a31e3cd26889ca66d677f1\"},\"headline\":\"face aux sanctions, les banquiers r\u00e9sistent\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-05-24T22:06:36+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-05-24T22:35:26+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/homepage-french\/face-aux-sanctions-les-banquiers-resistent\"},\"wordCount\":821,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/homepage-french\/face-aux-sanctions-les-banquiers-resistent#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/mali\/sites\/21\/2022\/05\/postQueueImg_26-628d5d9eeeb21.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Africa Press\",\"Africa Press-Mali\",\"mali\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Dossiers\",\"homepage-french\",\"Toutes les actualit\u00e9s\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/homepage-french\/face-aux-sanctions-les-banquiers-resistent#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/homepage-french\/face-aux-sanctions-les-banquiers-resistent\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/homepage-french\/face-aux-sanctions-les-banquiers-resistent\",\"name\":\"face aux sanctions, les banquiers r\u00e9sistent - 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