{"id":22209,"date":"2022-07-22T21:43:20","date_gmt":"2022-07-22T21:43:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/politique\/le-corps-humain-sadaptera-t-il-aux-canicules"},"modified":"2022-07-22T22:01:04","modified_gmt":"2022-07-22T22:01:04","slug":"le-corps-humain-sadaptera-t-il-aux-canicules","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/homepage-french\/le-corps-humain-sadaptera-t-il-aux-canicules","title":{"rendered":"Le corps humain s\u2019adaptera-t-il\u00a0aux canicules\u00a0?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Mali. <\/strong><\/span>Difficilement supportables pour l\u2019homme, les \u00e9pisodes de forte chaleur voient leur nombre augmenter d\u2019ann\u00e9e en ann\u00e9e, au point que scientifiques et m\u00e9t\u00e9orologues craignent qu\u2019ils ne deviennent habituels. Pour affronter ces temp\u00e9ratures hors norme, l\u2019humain a une pl\u00e9thore d\u2019outils \u00e0 sa disposition, en partie gr\u00e2ce aux nouveaut\u00e9s technologiques (ventilateur, climatisation, brumisateur\u2026) mais aussi aux r\u00e8gles de bon sens (hydratation r\u00e9guli\u00e8re, port de v\u00eatements en mati\u00e8res naturelles\u2026). Et si le meilleur instrument pour r\u00e9guler la temp\u00e9rature \u00e9tait notre corps ? Dans les colonnes du JDD ce dimanche 17 juillet, Alain Froment, anthropologue et biologiste au Mus\u00e9um national d\u2019histoire naturelle (MNHN), assure que \u00ab nous sommes des animaux tropicaux \u00bb donc \u00ab r\u00e9sistants \u00e0 la chaleur \u00bb.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Les Europ\u00e9ens descendent d\u2019Africains ayant \u00e9migr\u00e9 il y a 2 millions d\u2019ann\u00e9es [\u2026]. Beaucoup d\u2019humains vivent d\u00e9j\u00e0 avec des temp\u00e9ratures exc\u00e9dant 40 \u00b0C. C\u2019est vivable, \u00e0 condition de bien s\u2019hydrater avec un apport en sels min\u00e9raux, surtout pour les personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es et les jeunes enfants \u00bb, assure l\u2019anthropologue. N\u00e9anmoins, il conc\u00e8de que tous les humains ne sont pas g\u00e2t\u00e9s de la m\u00eame mani\u00e8re par la nature quand il s\u2019agit de se confronter \u00e0 une forte hausse du mercure. Le thermostat naturel du corps humain, syst\u00e8me d\u2019\u00e9vapotranspiration, serait d\u2019une meilleure efficacit\u00e9 chez les personnes de grande taille. Selon lui, il existerait m\u00eame une taille optimale. Celle des N\u00e9erlandais, d\u2019une taille moyenne de 1,82 m chez les individus masculins, est prise pour exemple. Plus un corps est longiligne, plus la surface de peau est \u00e9tendue, favorisant alors efficacement la \u00ab r\u00e9frig\u00e9ration \u00bb\u2026<\/p>\n

Peau fonc\u00e9e et nez large, deux autres avantages<\/b><\/p>\n

La peau fonc\u00e9e est, elle aussi, mentionn\u00e9e comme grand atout en ces p\u00e9riodes \u00e9touffantes. D\u2019apr\u00e8s une \u00e9tude de l\u2019ADN ancien, cette couche de m\u00e9lanine prot\u00e9gerait des UV, tout en permettant la synth\u00e8se de la vitamine D. Mais nombreux sont les Europ\u00e9ens \u00e0 avoir perdu cette pigmentation. Selon Alain Froment, cette perte serait survenue \u00ab il y a moins de huit mille ans \u00bb : \u00ab une \u00e9volution lente par rapport au rythme du changement climatique. On ne redeviendra pas noir, car la quantit\u00e9 de rayonnement solaire n\u2019augmentera pas \u00bb.<\/p>\n

M\u00eame constat pour le nez large, remarquable en Afrique centrale. Cette forme, qui tol\u00e8re mieux l\u2019air chaud et humide, s\u2019est affin\u00e9e avec le temps dans les r\u00e9gions s\u00e8ches (au Sahel par exemple) ou plus froides (en Europe), pour aider l\u2019organisme \u00e0 humidifier ou r\u00e9chauffer l\u2019air. Si l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re reste s\u00e8che, il para\u00eet donc impossible pour le scientifique de compter sur une quelconque \u00e9volution biologique sur cette partie du corps pour mieux affronter la canicule.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la Mali<\/a>, suivez Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Mali. Difficilement supportables pour l\u2019homme, les \u00e9pisodes de forte chaleur voient leur nombre augmenter d\u2019ann\u00e9e en ann\u00e9e, au point que scientifiques et m\u00e9t\u00e9orologues craignent qu\u2019ils ne deviennent habituels. Pour affronter ces temp\u00e9ratures hors norme, l\u2019humain a une pl\u00e9thore d\u2019outils \u00e0 sa disposition, en partie gr\u00e2ce aux nouveaut\u00e9s technologiques (ventilateur, climatisation, brumisateur\u2026) mais aussi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":22208,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,11,17],"tags":[76,86,19],"class_list":["post-22209","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-homepage-french","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-mali","tag-mali"],"yoast_head":"\nLe corps humain s\u2019adaptera-t-il\u00a0aux canicules\u00a0? - Mali<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Difficilement supportables pour l\u2019homme, les \u00e9pisodes de forte chaleur voient leur nombre augmenter d\u2019ann\u00e9e en ann\u00e9e, au ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/homepage-french\/le-corps-humain-sadaptera-t-il-aux-canicules\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le corps humain s\u2019adaptera-t-il\u00a0aux canicules\u00a0?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Difficilement supportables pour l\u2019homme, les \u00e9pisodes de forte chaleur voient leur nombre augmenter d\u2019ann\u00e9e en ann\u00e9e, au ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/homepage-french\/le-corps-humain-sadaptera-t-il-aux-canicules\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Mali\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/AfricaPressTunisiaa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-07-22T21:43:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-07-22T22:01:04+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/mali\/sites\/21\/2022\/07\/postQueueImg_7-62db1e0a45c52.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1250\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"625\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"cfeditorfr\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"cfeditorfr\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/homepage-french\/le-corps-humain-sadaptera-t-il-aux-canicules#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/homepage-french\/le-corps-humain-sadaptera-t-il-aux-canicules\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"cfeditorfr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/#\/schema\/person\/2b1cf3cd81a31e3cd26889ca66d677f1\"},\"headline\":\"Le corps humain s\u2019adaptera-t-il\u00a0aux canicules\u00a0?\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-07-22T21:43:20+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-07-22T22:01:04+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/homepage-french\/le-corps-humain-sadaptera-t-il-aux-canicules\"},\"wordCount\":499,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/homepage-french\/le-corps-humain-sadaptera-t-il-aux-canicules#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/mali\/sites\/21\/2022\/07\/postQueueImg_7-62db1e0a45c52.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Africa Press\",\"Africa Press-Mali\",\"mali\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Divers\",\"homepage-french\",\"Toutes les actualit\u00e9s\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/homepage-french\/le-corps-humain-sadaptera-t-il-aux-canicules#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/homepage-french\/le-corps-humain-sadaptera-t-il-aux-canicules\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mali\/homepage-french\/le-corps-humain-sadaptera-t-il-aux-canicules\",\"name\":\"Le corps humain s\u2019adaptera-t-il\u00a0aux canicules\u00a0? 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