{"id":29701,"date":"2023-05-18T11:03:47","date_gmt":"2023-05-18T11:03:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mauritius\/all-news\/border-settlement-with-mauritius"},"modified":"2023-05-18T11:26:22","modified_gmt":"2023-05-18T11:26:22","slug":"border-settlement-with-mauritius","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mauritius\/all-news\/border-settlement-with-mauritius","title":{"rendered":"Border settlement with Mauritius"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #ff6600\"><strong>Africa-Press &#8211; Mauritius. <\/strong><\/span>At a time when the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) is at the centre of an ever-evolving post-Cold War geostrategic architecture, India and Maldives, together, have crossed a milestone in their security cooperation as their respective defence ministers Rajnath Singh and Mariya Didi jointly laid the foundation stone for the India-funded \u2018Ekatha Harbour\u2019 of the Maldivian National Defence Force (MNDF) on Sifaru island, recently.<\/p>\n<p>Rajnath Singh is the first Indian Defence Minister to visit Maldives after A K Antony in 2009. The Indian Defence Ministry tweeted that the harbour project was a part of Prime Minister Narendra Modi\u2019s SAGAR project, to ensure \u2018Security and Growth for All in the Region\u2019.<\/p>\n<p>It is a take-off from the 2021 bilateral pact for India setting up a Maldives National Defence Force (MNDF) dockyard for undertaking vessel repairs locally.<\/p>\n<p>In turn, this agreement flowed from a Maldivian request in 2013\u2014reiterated in 2015 and 2016\u2014and formed part of the former President Abdulla Yameen\u2019s \u2018Defence Action Plan\u2019.<\/p>\n<p>This plan was signed during an India visit in 2016, with a US$50-million Line of Credit from New Delhi. The foundation-laying ceremony was held at Sifavaru Island, which is on the same lagoon as Uthuru Thila Falhu (UTF).<\/p>\n<p>Located in Male\u0301 atoll, also known as Kaafu atoll, both islands lay close to the capital Male\u0301. The Indian Defence Ministry tweeted that the harbour project was a part of Prime Minister Narendra Modi\u2019s SAGAR project, to ensure \u2018Security and Growth for All in the Region\u2019.<\/p>\n<p>Ministers Singh and Mariya Didi pledged to further strengthen bilateral defence cooperation, capacity building, and trade. A joint communique\u0301 issued at the end of Singh\u2019s three-day visit stated that, \u201cBoth the ministers reaffirmed the importance of maintaining peace, stability and security in the region and recognised the need to work together to address common security challenges.<\/p>\n<p>\u201d It also added that they underscored the importance of, \u201crespecting international law and rules-based international order and expressed their commitment to upholding these principles.<\/p>\n<p>\u201d The statement further read that, \u201cBoth parties reaffirmed their commitment to further strengthening the partnership between their countries, and expressed common sentiments that they looked forward to continuing the dialogue and cooperation in the future,\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Rajnath Singh also met up with President Ibrahim Solih, handed over two naval platforms, namely, a fast patrol vessel (replacement for the ageing one that was gifted earlier) and a landing craft assault ship, to the MNDF in his presence.<\/p>\n<p>Speaking on the occasion, Singh recalled how \u2018India has emerged as a leading defence exporter\u2019, manufacturing \u2018world-class equipment to meet not only our own needs but also for exports\u2019.<\/p>\n<p>End to an old dispute Singh\u2019s visits and his engagements in Maldives form part of India\u2019s \u2018Neighbourhood First\u2019 and the Solih government\u2019s \u2018India First\u2019 policies.<\/p>\n<p>From a sub-regional perspective, the two nations, along with common neighbours, Sri Lanka and Mauritius, have formed the Colombo Security Conclave (CSC), with the Seychelles and Bangladesh continuing as \u2018observers\u2019 for now.<\/p>\n<p>The idea is to ensure shared security as equal partners. Ending or limiting bilateral legacy irritants form an unsaid part of all such regional initiatives.<\/p>\n<p>Against this overall context and background, a peaceful and mutually-agreeable conclusion to past maritime border disputes assumes greater relevance and significance, not only in the bilateral but also in the regional context.<\/p>\n<p>Thus, a 58-year-old dispute in favour of Maldives, dating back to its independence in 1965, came to a peaceful conclusion when the International Tribunal on the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) recently ruled that the International Maritime Boundary Line (IMBL) dispute in the Chagos region would be settled by applying the \u2018equidistance\u2019 rule under UNCLOS.<\/p>\n<p>In doing so, the tribunal upheld Maldives\u2019 contestation that the low-lying Blenheim Reef, which Mauritius argued should be the measuring point, did not fall within that country\u2019s maritime borders.<\/p>\n<p>From a sub-regional perspective, the two nations, along with common neighbours, Sri Lanka and Mauritius, have formed the Colombo Security Conclave (CSC), with the Seychelles and Bangladesh continuing as \u2018observers\u2019 for now.<\/p>\n<p>The ITLOS dispute flowed from a 2019 ICJ ruling that the Chagos archipelago, which is closer to Maldives\u2019 southern Addu City\u2019s coastline than Mauritius, was a sovereign territory of the latter.<\/p>\n<p>This implied that the IMBL between the two Ocean neighbours could be demarcated. Thus, under the ITLOS award, from a disputed maritime area of 95,000 sq km, Maldives gets the larger portion of 47,232 sq km and Mauritius, 45,331 sq km.<\/p>\n<p>Huge win, no losses President Solih hailed the ITLOS verdict and said that the nation\u2019s maritime boundary has now been fully demarcated. Maldivian foreign minister Abdulla Shahid tweeted that it was a victory for the nation\u2019s full adherence to international laws and principles.<\/p>\n<p>Prof Payam Akhvan, who was the lead counsel for Maldives at ITLOS, along with Attorney-General Ibrahim Riffath, described the ruling as a \u2018huge win with no losses\u2019.<\/p>\n<p>Wisham Ismail, President of the Bar Council of Maldives, also hailed it as a \u2018major achievement\u2019 and congratulated the entire team. But there are few who disagree.<\/p>\n<p>Months away from the September polls, where President Solih is seeking re-election, not only Opposition parties but even \u2018friends\u2019 of the government have registered their protests.<\/p>\n<p>Former President Mohammed Nasheed, who is also the head of the ruling Maldivian Democratic Party (MDP) and who had lost the party\u2019s presidential primaries to incumbent Solih, was among the first to contest the ITLOS\u2019 ruling.<\/p>\n<p>He alleged that the current Maldivian position is tantamount to the retraction of the nation\u2019s earlier sovereignty claims over the Chagos Islands, leading to the nation now losing a part of its \u2018maritime territory\u2019.<\/p>\n<p>As may be recalled, late last year, the Solih government withdrew the sovereignty claims but stuck to the inherited dispute over the IMBL. The ITLOS ruling now relates to the latter and is a victory for Maldives.<\/p>\n<p>Days prior to the ITLOS\u2019 ruling, Nasheed also registered his reservations while presiding over the Parliament as Speaker. With many members absent, the 87-seat Parliament voted 23-19 on an \u2018emergency motion\u2019 alleging \u2018shallow deals\u2019 with Mauritius.<\/p>\n<p>Opposition members wanted a letter purportedly written by the Maldivian government to its Mauritius counterpart tabled and a new letter sent, instead.<\/p>\n<p>Nasheed has since tweeted that as President (2008-12), his efforts were to work out a negotiated settlement between the two nations. The Solih government withdrew the sovereignty claims but stuck to the inherited dispute over the IMBL. The ITLOS ruling now relates to the latter and is a victory for Maldives.<\/p>\n<p>Both jailed PPM-PNC leader Abdulla Yameen and another presidential aspirant and Jamhooree Party President Gasim Ibrahim, wrote separately to ITLOS to delay the ruling, implying that if elected President, either of them would review the incumbent government\u2019s position. Gasim has since declared that he will \u2018work to recover lost territory\u2019.<\/p>\n<p>Another presidential aspirant, retired Army Colonel Ahmed Nazim\u2019s Maldives National Party (MNM) and former President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom\u2019s Maldives Reform Movement (MRM) too have opposed the ITLOS ruling\u2014and more so, the Solih government\u2019s ready acceptance of the same.<\/p>\n<p>MNP parliamentarian Ahmed Usham said that the Opposition parties would move a no-confidence motion against the \u2018negligent leaders\u2019 in the next session of the Parliament.<\/p>\n<p>So-called apolitical religious fundamentalist Jamiyyath Salaf, Chief Sheikh Abdullah bin Mohamed called for Solih\u2019s impeachment. The non-existent anti-Solih grouping does not have the numbers in the 87-member Parliament, to meet this purpose.<\/p>\n<p>It is against this background that senior PPM leaders have met Nasheed at Yameen\u2019s insistence, to discuss a joint strategy on the issue. A pro-Yameen journal, Maldives News Journal, interpreted the ruling to mean that Maldives has lost 45,331 sq km allotted to Mauritius after ITLOS redrew the IMBL, and called it a \u2018loss of Maldivian Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)\u2019.<\/p>\n<p>Maritime Law Expert Dr Mohamed Munavvar, who as Gayoom\u2019s attorney-general had drafted the nation\u2019s maritime law in the early \u201990s, claimed that by accepting the ITLOS\u2019s ruling, Maldives would be losing the continental shelf case.<\/p>\n<p>He pointed out that the government had 30 days to appeal the ITLOS\u2019 ruling but stated that he did not expect the current leadership to take any initiative in the matter.<\/p>\n<p>The non-existent anti-Solih grouping does not have the numbers in the 87-member Parliament, to meet this purpose. Reacting to these criticisms, Foreign Minister Shahid called the Opposition claims \u2018misleading\u2019.<\/p>\n<p>Separately, the President\u2019s Office contested the Opposition PPM-PNC combine\u2019s claim that Solih had \u2018acted outside his constitutional mandate\u2019 when he withdrew the sovereignty claims over the Chagos archipelago last year and committed to support Mauritius\u2019 case against the UK, in the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) vote this year.<\/p>\n<p>After the verdict, pro-Solih MDP Chairman and Economic Minister Fayyaz Ismail stressed the failure of the \u2018India Out\u2019 campaign of Yameen\u2019s PPM-PNC Opposition combine, and said the latter attempted to twist the truth on the Chagos issue and have failed now.<\/p>\n<p>For his part, the Minister of Fisheries, Marine Resources and Agriculture, Hussain Rasheed, clarified that the country would not lose \u2018fishing grounds\u2019 as alleged.<\/p>\n<p>Instead, the \u2018State\u2019s power over the southern seas has strengthened, and there is more opportunity to maintain, control and profit from the area,\u2019 he tweeted.<\/p>\n<p>Solih\u2019s religion-centric Adhaalath Party (AP) coalition partner too has said as much. The Environment Ministry has stated that it would draw up a \u2018spatial plan for sustainable fishing\u2019 for that area.<\/p>\n<p>While domestic disputes of this kind are inevitable in an election year, continually seeking to \u2018externalise\u2019 the national agenda to sub-serve petty political interests and try and achieve personal goals has long-term consequences.<\/p>\n<p>Thus, politicising a bilateral issue with Mauritius after the now-muted \u2018India Out\u2019 campaign will have consequences in the long term. Maldivian political leaders need to learn from how Pakistan, has suffered over the decades, by adopting an \u2018India-centric\u2019 policy, in domestic politics, foreign, and security policies.<\/p>\n<p><strong>For More News And Analysis About <a href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mauritius\">Mauritius<\/a> Follow <a href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/\">Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Africa-Press &#8211; Mauritius. At a time when the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) is at the centre of an ever-evolving post-Cold War geostrategic architecture, India and Maldives, together, have crossed a milestone in their security cooperation as their respective defence ministers Rajnath Singh and Mariya Didi jointly laid the foundation stone for the India-funded \u2018Ekatha Harbour\u2019 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":84,"featured_media":29700,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,7,12],"tags":[233,245,666,241],"class_list":["post-29701","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-all-news","category-head-lines","category-policy","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-mauritius","tag-democratic","tag-mauritius"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.1 (Yoast SEO v27.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Border settlement with Mauritius - 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