{"id":38386,"date":"2024-01-01T16:53:16","date_gmt":"2024-01-01T16:53:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mauritius\/all-news\/nasa-mission-lines-up-to-touch-the-sun"},"modified":"2024-01-01T17:07:58","modified_gmt":"2024-01-01T17:07:58","slug":"nasa-mission-lines-up-to-touch-the-sun","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/mauritius\/all-news\/nasa-mission-lines-up-to-touch-the-sun","title":{"rendered":"Nasa mission lines up to \u2018touch the Sun\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Mauritius. <\/strong><\/span>It promises to be a remarkable moment in the history of space exploration. A year from now, on 24 December, Nasa\u2019s Parker Solar Probe will race past the Sun at the astonishing speed of 195 km\/s, or 435,000 mph.<\/p>\n

No human-made object will have moved so fast nor, indeed, got so close to our star \u2013 just 6.1 million km, or 3.8 million miles from the Sun\u2019s \u201csurface\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe are basically almost landing on a star,\u201d said Parker project scientist Dr Nour Raouafi.<\/p>\n

\u201cThis will be a monumental achievement for all humanity. This is equivalent to the Moon landing of 1969,\u201d the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory scientist told BBC News.<\/p>\n

Parker\u2019s speed will come from the immense gravitational pull it feels as it falls towards the Sun. It will be akin to flying from New York to London in under 30 seconds.<\/p>\n

The US space agency\u2019s Parker Solar Probe is one of the most audacious missions ever conceived. Launched in 2018, it has the goal of making repeated, and ever closer, passes of the Sun.<\/p>\n

The late 2024 manoeuvre will take Parker to just 4% of the Sun-Earth distance (149 million km\/93 million miles). The challenge Parker faces in doing this will be huge. At perihelion, the point in the probe\u2019s orbit nearest the the star, the temperature on the front of the spacecraft will probably reach 1,400C.<\/p>\n

Parker\u2019s strategy is to get in quick and get out quick, making measurements of the solar environment with a suite of instruments deployed from behind a thick heat shield.<\/p>\n

The reward, researchers hope, will be breakthrough knowledge on some key solar processes. Chief among these is a clearer explanation of the workings of the corona, the Sun\u2019s outer atmosphere.<\/p>\n

It experiences what seems to be counter-intuitive superheating. The temperature of the Sun at its photosphere, the surface, is roughly 6,000C but within the corona it can reach a staggering million degrees and more.<\/p>\n

You\u2019d think temperature would decrease with distance from the star\u2019s nuclear core. It\u2019s also within the corona region that the outward flow of charged particles \u2013 electrons, protons and heavy ions \u2013 suddenly gets accelerated into a supersonic wind moving at 400 km\/s, or 1,000,000 mph.<\/p>\n

Scientists still can\u2019t fully explain this either. But it\u2019s critical to improving forecasts of solar behaviour and the phenomenon of \u201cspace weather\u201d. The latter refers to the powerful eruptions of particles and magnetic fields from the Sun that can degrade communications on Earth and even knock over power grids.<\/p>\n

The radiation also poses health risks to astronauts. \u201cThis takes on a new dimension, especially now that we\u2019re thinking of sending women and men back to the Moon and even setting up a permanent presence on the lunar surface,\u201d Dr Raouafi said.<\/p>\n

Parker made one of its close approaches to the Sun on Friday. It has three more planned in 2024 before it then swings around Venus on 6 November to help bend its orbit and make 24 December a historic occasion.<\/p>\n

The head of science at Nasa is Dr Nicky Fox. She was the lead scientist on Parker before taking up her current role. She said the major plus of the 24 December flyby would be the length of time the probe got to sit in the corona, far longer than on any previous pass.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe don\u2019t know what we\u2019ll find, but we\u2019ll be looking for waves in the solar wind associated with the heating,\u201d she told BBC News.<\/p>\n

\u201cI suspect we\u2019ll sense lots of different types of waves which would point to a mix of processes that people have been arguing over for years.<\/p>\n

\u201d Listen to Dr Nicky Fox edit the BBC\u2019s Today Programme.<\/p>\n

The coming year will be the apex of Parker\u2019s mission; it won\u2019t be able to get any closer to the Sun beyond December, not least because its orbit will no longer afford swingbys of Venus to train its trajectory onto an even tighter path.<\/p>\n

But to go any closer would also risk shortening the shadow cast by Parker\u2019s big shield, exposing the rear of the spacecraft to intolerable temperatures.<\/p>\n

For More News And Analysis About Mauritius<\/a> Follow Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Mauritius. It promises to be a remarkable moment in the history of space exploration. A year from now, on 24 December, Nasa\u2019s Parker Solar Probe will race past the Sun at the astonishing speed of 195 km\/s, or 435,000 mph. No human-made object will have moved so fast nor, indeed, got so close […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":84,"featured_media":38385,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,9],"tags":[233,245,241,1960],"class_list":["post-38386","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-all-news","category-miscellaneous","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-mauritius","tag-mauritius","tag-nasa"],"yoast_head":"\nNasa mission lines up to \u2018touch the Sun\u2019 - Mauritius<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"It promises to be a remarkable moment in the history of space exploration. 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