{"id":4450,"date":"2021-04-02T15:17:54","date_gmt":"2021-04-02T15:17:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/?p=4450"},"modified":"2021-04-02T14:28:54","modified_gmt":"2021-04-02T14:28:54","slug":"retrospectives-niger-chronique-dune-republique-a-une-autre","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/politique\/retrospectives-niger-chronique-dune-republique-a-une-autre","title":{"rendered":"R\u00e9trospectives Niger :chronique d\u2019une R\u00e9publique \u00e0 une autre"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press<\/a> – Niger<\/a>. <\/strong><\/span>er qui enregistre pour la premi\u00e8re fois ce 2 avril 2021 une passation d\u00e9mocratique de pouvoir entre deux pr\u00e9sidents \u00e9lus est sorti d\u2019une longue p\u00e9riode d\u2019instabilit\u00e9 institutionnelle marqu\u00e9e par 4 coups d\u2019Etat militaires et une conf\u00e9rence nationale.<\/p>\n

En 60 ans, le pays est pass\u00e9 sous 7 r\u00e9publiques qui ont connu de fortunes diverses.<\/p>\n

– La premi\u00e8re R\u00e9publique (1960-1974), r\u00e9gime de parti unique de fait sous les f\u00e9rules du Parti Progressiste Nig\u00e9rien (PPN-RDA) de Diori Hamani est renvers\u00e9 par le premier coup d\u2019Etat militaire le 15 avril 1974 dans un contexte de s\u00e9cheresse et de crise p\u00e9troli\u00e8re. Le Conseil Militaire Supr\u00eame sous la conduite du Lieutenant-colonel Seyni Kountch\u00e9 instaure un r\u00e9gime d\u2019exception avec l\u2019interdiction des partis.<\/p>\n

– La 2\u00e8me r\u00e9publique (1987-1992), le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Ali Saibou, le successeur du chef de la junte militaire, d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 en novembre 1987, inaugure la d\u00e9crispation avec l\u2019institutionnalisation du monopartisme. Le vent de l\u2019Est, les contestations estudiantines et des forces sociales et politiques portent un coup \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e8re de d\u00e9crispation. La conf\u00e9rence Nationale (1991-1992) inaugure une transition avec un premier ministre, d\u00e9tenteur du pouvoir ex\u00e9cutif aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s d\u2019un pr\u00e9sident protocolaire.<\/p>\n

– La 3\u00e8me R\u00e9publique (1993-1996), elle est mise en place \u00e0 la suite des premi\u00e8res consultations multipartites avec l\u2019\u00e9lection du pr\u00e9sident Mahamane Ousmane soutenu par une coalition dite Alliance des Forces de Changement (AFC). Le pays passe sous l\u2019\u00e8re d\u00e9mocratique avec un r\u00e9gime semi pr\u00e9sidentiel. Les contradictions internes , le contexte de crises sociales et d\u2019ins\u00e9curit\u00e9 d\u00e9bouchent sur une cohabitation \u2018\u2019cahoteuse\u2019\u2019. Un Conseil national de salut national conduit par le colonel Ibrahim Mainassara Bar\u00e9 renverse les institutions le 27 janvier 1996.<\/p>\n

– La 4\u00e8me R\u00e9publique (1996-1999), elle instaure un r\u00e9gime pr\u00e9sidentiel et un s\u00e9nat avec l\u2019\u00e9lection contest\u00e9e par l\u2019opposition du g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Bar\u00e9 \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sidence. Les manifestations de l\u2019opposition regroup\u00e9e au sein du front de restauration de la d\u00e9mocratie d\u00e9bouchent sur un coup de force le 9 avril 1999 avec l\u2019assassinat du pr\u00e9sident Bar\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Un conseil de r\u00e9conciliation nationale sous le commandant Daouda Malam Wank\u00e9 inaugure une transition qui d\u00e9bouche sur la 5\u00e8me R\u00e9publique.<\/p>\n

– La 5\u00e8me R\u00e9publique (1999-2010) : le pays renoue avec les institutions d\u00e9mocratiques au terme de la transition Militaire de 9 mois. Le pr\u00e9sident Tandja Mamadou est \u00e9lu en 1999 et r\u00e9\u00e9lu en 2004. A la fin de son dernier mandat, le pr\u00e9sident Tandja s\u2019engage dans une modification jug\u00e9e anticonstitutionnelle en passant sous la 6\u00e8me R\u00e9publique ou Tazartch\u00e9.<\/p>\n

– La 6\u00e8me R\u00e9publique (d\u00e9cembre 2009- f\u00e9vrier 2010), il ouvre un r\u00e9gime pr\u00e9sidentiel avec une Assembl\u00e9e bicam\u00e9rale au terme des modifications constitutionnelles contest\u00e9es et jug\u00e9es ill\u00e9gales. Le Commandant salou Djibo \u00e0 la t\u00eate d\u2019un Conseil Supr\u00eame pour la Restauration de la D\u00e9mocratie renverse le 18 f\u00e9vrier 2010 le pr\u00e9sident Tandja et les nouvelles institutions. Il conduit une transition qui accouche des institutions de la 7\u00e8me R\u00e9publique.<\/p>\n

– La 7\u00e8me R\u00e9publique, le pays renoue avec le r\u00e9gime semi pr\u00e9sidentiel avec l\u2019\u00e9lection du pr\u00e9sident Issoufou Mahamadou et d\u2019une Assembl\u00e9e multipartite (2011-2016) et (2016-2021). Les derni\u00e8res \u00e9lections ouvrent la 3\u00e8me mandature de la 7\u00e8me R\u00e9publique avec l\u2019installation des institutions \u00e9lues en mars et avril 2021 (Bazoum Mohamed entame un mandat de 5 ans le 2 Avril 2021).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Niger. er qui enregistre pour la premi\u00e8re fois ce 2 avril 2021 une passation d\u00e9mocratique de pouvoir entre deux pr\u00e9sidents \u00e9lus est sorti d\u2019une longue p\u00e9riode d\u2019instabilit\u00e9 institutionnelle marqu\u00e9e par 4 coups d\u2019Etat militaires et une conf\u00e9rence nationale. En 60 ans, le pays est pass\u00e9 sous 7 r\u00e9publiques qui ont connu de fortunes […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":4449,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,2,10],"tags":[55,60,29],"class_list":["post-4450","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-homepage-french","category-politique","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-niger","tag-niger"],"yoast_head":"\nR\u00e9trospectives Niger :chronique d\u2019une R\u00e9publique \u00e0 une autre - niger<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"er qui enregistre pour la premi\u00e8re fois ce 2 avril 2021 une passation d\u00e9mocratique de pouvoir entre deux pr\u00e9sidents \u00e9lus ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/politique\/retrospectives-niger-chronique-dune-republique-a-une-autre\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"R\u00e9trospectives Niger :chronique d\u2019une R\u00e9publique \u00e0 une autre\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"er qui enregistre pour la premi\u00e8re fois ce 2 avril 2021 une passation d\u00e9mocratique de pouvoir entre deux pr\u00e9sidents \u00e9lus ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/politique\/retrospectives-niger-chronique-dune-republique-a-une-autre\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"niger\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-04-02T15:17:54+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/niger\/sites\/40\/2021\/04\/img-60671e931cb06.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"720\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"720\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"cfeditorfr\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"cfeditorfr\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/politique\/retrospectives-niger-chronique-dune-republique-a-une-autre#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/politique\/retrospectives-niger-chronique-dune-republique-a-une-autre\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"cfeditorfr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/#\/schema\/person\/2b1cf3cd81a31e3cd26889ca66d677f1\"},\"headline\":\"R\u00e9trospectives Niger :chronique d\u2019une R\u00e9publique \u00e0 une autre\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-04-02T15:17:54+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/politique\/retrospectives-niger-chronique-dune-republique-a-une-autre\"},\"wordCount\":610,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/politique\/retrospectives-niger-chronique-dune-republique-a-une-autre#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/niger\/sites\/40\/2021\/04\/img-60671e931cb06.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Africa Press\",\"Africa Press-Niger\",\"Niger\"],\"articleSection\":[\"homepage-french\",\"Politique\",\"Toutes les actualit\u00e9s\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/politique\/retrospectives-niger-chronique-dune-republique-a-une-autre#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/politique\/retrospectives-niger-chronique-dune-republique-a-une-autre\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/politique\/retrospectives-niger-chronique-dune-republique-a-une-autre\",\"name\":\"R\u00e9trospectives Niger :chronique d\u2019une R\u00e9publique \u00e0 une autre - 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