{"id":97390,"date":"2026-04-22T13:02:17","date_gmt":"2026-04-22T13:02:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/politique\/decouverte-delements-de-vie-sur-mars"},"modified":"2026-04-22T13:14:00","modified_gmt":"2026-04-22T13:14:00","slug":"decouverte-delements-de-vie-sur-mars","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/toutes-les-actualites\/decouverte-delements-de-vie-sur-mars","title":{"rendered":"D\u00e9couverte d’\u00c9l\u00e9ments de Vie sur Mars"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Niger. <\/strong><\/span>Ces mole\u0301cules organiques ne constituent pas une preuve de\u0301finitive de la pre\u0301sence de la vie par le passe\u0301 sur Mars, souligne toutefois l’e\u0301quipe mene\u0301e par la Nasa, car elles peuvent aussi e\u0302tre issues du crash de me\u0301te\u0301orites. Mais ces indices importants de l’histoire martienne ont e\u0301te\u0301 pre\u0301serve\u0301s a\u0300 la surface de la plane\u0300te depuis plus de trois milliards d’anne\u0301es. A cette e\u0301poque, la surface de Mars e\u0301tait couverte de grands lacs et de rivie\u0300res remplies d’eau a\u0300 l’e\u0301tat liquide, un ingre\u0301dient cle\u0301 de la vie.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Cette expe\u0301rience n’avait jamais e\u0301te\u0301 mene\u0301e auparavant\u00a0\u00bb<\/b><\/p>\n

Curiosity, un rover de la Nasa, s’est pose\u0301 dans un ancien lac de\u0301nomme\u0301 le crate\u0300re de Gale en 2012, et a depuis cherche\u0301 des signes de vie. Ce rover de la taille d’une voiture transportait avec lui deux tubes d’un produit chimique de\u0301nomme\u0301 TMAH, capable de de\u0301composer la matie\u0300re organique pour en de\u0301terminer la composition.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Cette expe\u0301rience n’avait jamais e\u0301te\u0301 mene\u0301e auparavant\u00a0\u00bb, explique a\u0300 l’AFP Amy Williams, une astrobiologiste travaillant sur la mission Curiosity. L’e\u0301quipe e\u0301tait sous pression car elle ne disposait que de \u00ab\u00a0deux cartouches pour viser juste\u00a0\u00bb, ajoute l’autrice principale de l’e\u0301tude publie\u0301e dans la revue Nature Communications.<\/p>\n

L’expe\u0301rimentation, conduite en 2020, a de\u0301tecte\u0301 plus de 20 mole\u0301cules organiques. Pour plusieurs d’entre elles, leur pre\u0301sence sur Mars n’avait encore jamais e\u0301te\u0301 confirme\u0301e, comme par exemple le benzothiophe\u0300ne, qui a en revanche de\u0301ja\u0300 e\u0301te\u0301 retrouve\u0301 dans des me\u0301te\u0301orites et des aste\u0301roi\u0308des.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Les me\u0302mes e\u0301le\u0301ments qui se sont abattus sur Mars sous forme de me\u0301te\u0301orites sont ceux qui se sont abattus sur la Terre, et ils ont probablement fourni les e\u0301le\u0301ments constitutifs de la vie telle que nous la connaissons sur notre plane\u0300te\u00a0\u00bb, explique Amy Williams. Une autre mole\u0301cule qui contient de l’azote \u00ab\u00a0est un e\u0301le\u0301ment pre\u0301curseur de la structure finale de l’ADN\u00a0\u00bb, ajoute-t-elle.<\/p>\n

De futures missions vont be\u0301ne\u0301ficier du travail de Curiosity<\/b><\/p>\n

Mais cela ne suffit pas a\u0300 prouver que la vie soit un jour apparue sur Mars. Une manie\u0300re potentielle d’y parvenir serait de ramener sur Terre des pierres de Mars afin de les analyser plus pre\u0301cise\u0301ment, explique la chercheuse.<\/p>\n

Un autre rover de la Nasa, Perseverance, a d’ailleurs de\u0301ja\u0300 collecte\u0301 des roches dans l’optique d’une telle mission, appele\u0301e Mars Sample Return. Mais cette mission est en suspens, apre\u0300s un vote du Congre\u0300s en janvier 2026.<\/p>\n

De futures missions vont toutefois be\u0301ne\u0301ficier du travail de Curiosity, dans le sens ou\u0300 il a prouve\u0301 que les expe\u0301riences a\u0300 base de TMAH peuvent marcher sur d’autres plane\u0300tes, e\u0301crit l’e\u0301tude publie\u0301e dans Nature Communications.<\/p>\n

Le rover de l’Agence spatiale europe\u0301enne (ESA), Rosalind Franklin, qui dispose d’une foreuse beaucoup plus longue que Curiosity, emportera ce produit chimique sur Mars. Apre\u0300s des anne\u0301es de retard, la Nasa a annonce\u0301 la semaine dernie\u0300re que le rover de l’ESA devrait partir en direction de la plane\u0300te rouge fin 2028.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la Niger<\/span>, suivez Africa-Press<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Niger. Ces mole\u0301cules organiques ne constituent pas une preuve de\u0301finitive de la pre\u0301sence de la vie par le passe\u0301 sur Mars, souligne toutefois l’e\u0301quipe mene\u0301e par la Nasa, car elles peuvent aussi e\u0302tre issues du crash de me\u0301te\u0301orites. Mais ces indices importants de l’histoire martienne ont e\u0301te\u0301 pre\u0301serve\u0301s a\u0300 la surface de la […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":97389,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,10],"tags":[29],"class_list":["post-97390","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-niger"],"yoast_head":"\nD\u00e9couverte d'\u00c9l\u00e9ments de Vie sur Mars - niger<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ces mole\u0301cules organiques ne constituent pas une preuve de\u0301finitive de la pre\u0301sence de la vie par le passe\u0301 sur Mars, so ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/toutes-les-actualites\/decouverte-delements-de-vie-sur-mars\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"D\u00e9couverte d'\u00c9l\u00e9ments de Vie sur Mars\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ces mole\u0301cules organiques ne constituent pas une preuve de\u0301finitive de la pre\u0301sence de la vie par le passe\u0301 sur Mars, so ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/toutes-les-actualites\/decouverte-delements-de-vie-sur-mars\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"niger\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-04-22T13:02:17+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-04-22T13:14:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/niger\/sites\/40\/2026\/04\/sm_1776850927.57914.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"899\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"cfeditorfr\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"cfeditorfr\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/toutes-les-actualites\/decouverte-delements-de-vie-sur-mars#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/toutes-les-actualites\/decouverte-delements-de-vie-sur-mars\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"cfeditorfr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/#\/schema\/person\/2b1cf3cd81a31e3cd26889ca66d677f1\"},\"headline\":\"D\u00e9couverte d’\u00c9l\u00e9ments de Vie sur Mars\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-04-22T13:02:17+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-04-22T13:14:00+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/toutes-les-actualites\/decouverte-delements-de-vie-sur-mars\"},\"wordCount\":593,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/toutes-les-actualites\/decouverte-delements-de-vie-sur-mars#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/niger\/sites\/40\/2026\/04\/sm_1776850927.57914.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Niger\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Divers\",\"Toutes les actualit\u00e9s\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/toutes-les-actualites\/decouverte-delements-de-vie-sur-mars#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/toutes-les-actualites\/decouverte-delements-de-vie-sur-mars\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/niger\/toutes-les-actualites\/decouverte-delements-de-vie-sur-mars\",\"name\":\"D\u00e9couverte d'\u00c9l\u00e9ments de Vie sur Mars - 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