{"id":115490,"date":"2025-11-16T14:44:40","date_gmt":"2025-11-16T14:44:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/rwanda\/all-news\/burundian-troops-in-south-kivu-and-humanitarian-crisis"},"modified":"2025-11-16T15:44:30","modified_gmt":"2025-11-16T15:44:30","slug":"burundian-troops-in-south-kivu-and-humanitarian-crisis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/rwanda\/policy\/burundian-troops-in-south-kivu-and-humanitarian-crisis","title":{"rendered":"Burundian Troops in South Kivu and Humanitarian Crisis"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Rwanda. <\/strong><\/span>The Burundian troops that officially entered DR Congo alongside the East African Community Regional Force (EACRF) in November 2022, have remained in the country even after the regional mission\u2019s withdrawal.<\/p>\n

Their continued presence, now estimated at six to seven battalions in South Kivu alone, has been linked to a worsening humanitarian crisis, particularly affecting the Banyamulenge community in Minembwe highlands which continues to be attacked as well as cut off from essential supplies, sources say.<\/p>\n

Burundian soldiers are deployed in eastern DR Congo at the invitation of the Kinshasa government.<\/p>\n

The EACRF mission, initially led by Kenya\u2019s Maj Gen Jeff Nyagah, who later resigned citing threats to his personal safety, was a multinational force deployed in eastern DR Congo in November 2022 to help restore peace and stability by especially securing areas then vacated by M23 rebels in North Kivu. Though the deployment briefly stabilized parts of the region, it faltered when President Felix Tshisekedi demanded that the force must militarily confront the rebels or withdraw, prompting its premature exit in late 2023.<\/p>\n

Soon after, reports of atrocities escalated. In October 2023, Nturo village in Masisi, a predominantly Tutsi community, was attacked and burned, killing some civilians and destroying 300 homes. Investigations implicated the Congolese army working alongside Burundian troops, FDLR militias, and local armed groups, including Wazalendo and Mai-Mai factions. FDLR is a DR Congo-backed militia formed by remnants of the perpetrators of the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda.<\/p>\n

According to observers, the situation in South Kivu has since worsened further.<\/p>\n

\u201cAfter the EACRF mission, Burundian forces entered into an understanding with President Tshisekedi, bound by a shared ethnic ideology,\u201d Oscar Balinda, a deputy spokesperson of the AFC\/M23 movement told The New Times.<\/p>\n

\u201cThey subsequently began destabilizing Congolese Tutsi communities, particularly the Banyamulenge, in eastern DR Congo, burning villages, massacring civilians, and displacing countless others, while only a few managed to flee into our controlled territories.\u201d<\/p>\n

According to Balinda, these developments compelled the rebel movement to take a \u201cserious and necessary decision,\u201d leading to intense confrontations that culminated in the capture of European mercenaries, Burundian troops, elements of the Congolese armed forces, and various militias, along with a cache of heavy military weaponry, in Gicanga, North Kivu, in January.<\/p>\n

\u201cThey [Burundian soldiers] are now entrenched in Uvira with about six to seven battalions, continuously recruiting and occupying the Minembwe highlands, where they have surrounded civilians and imposed a siege on the Banyamulenge, whom they target simply for being Tutsi,\u201d Balinda said.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe population has been cut off from markets, food, and medicine, and is being starved into submission.\u201d<\/p>\n

He condemned the obstruction of humanitarian aid, recalling an incident in which a relief aircraft was bombed while delivering supplies to civilians in Minembwe, an attack the movement blamed on the Congolese government and its Burundian allies.<\/p>\n

Balinda said the Congolese government coalition forces moved their operations from North Kivu to South Kivu after a series of defeats, taking advantage of the region\u2019s rugged terrain and isolation. \u201cSouth Kivu has effectively become Burundian-occupied territory within DR Congo,\u201d he noted. \u201cDeployments continue daily despite mounting losses on the battlefield.\u201d<\/p>\n

He added that heavy fighting continues between AFC\/M23 and Burundian forces.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe recently clashed in Rwicankuku, similar to Gicanga, where we captured mercenaries and heavy weapons. We are doing everything possible to stop their execution plan.\u201d<\/p>\n

Other accounts point to political complicity. In September, Burundian troops and Wazalendo militias forced an officer, Brig Gen Olivier Gasita, who had been appointed by Kinshasa to take over operations command in Uvira, to flee because of his Tutsi identity.<\/p>\n

Gasita had been appointed by President Tshisekedi to command Uvira, replacing Brig Gen Daniel Mwaku Mbuluku, who reportedly died of a \u201csudden health crisis while on duty,\u201d according to official accounts.<\/p>\n

Ignored calls<\/p>\n

Alex Mvuka, a Congolese researcher on Great Lakes conflicts, said the international community has ignored the worsening crisis. \u201cThe Burundian army is using starvation as a weapon,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n

\u201cThey occupy vast territories, block aid, and prevent movement. The area has become a concentration camp, over 3,000 people have been killed, not counting those dying from hunger and disease.\u201d<\/p>\n

Mvuka added that Burundi\u2019s involvement is driven by \u201cethnic hatred, geopolitical motives to curb the assumed Rwandan influence, and financial incentives from Kinshasa.\u201d He accused the Congolese government of complicity, saying, \u201cThey sponsor armed groups to uproot the Banyamulenge. There\u2019s no intent to protect them.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cThis is a serious issue,\u201d Mvuka said. \u201cThe alliance between the Burundian army and FARDC is not rooted in regional security strategy but in promoting an ideology of hate and genocide. We have tried to raise awareness among international and regional actors, yet nothing has been done. Meanwhile, Burundian forces continue to set up roadblocks to prevent civilians from finding food.\u201d<\/p>\n

He urged regional leaders to intervene, warning that \u201cviolence rooted in genocide ideology will inevitably spill across borders.\u201d<\/p>\n

Amb Joseph Mutaboba, a political analyst closely monitoring the crisis, described the actions of Burundian and allied forces as war crimes.<\/p>\n

\u201cStarving civilians by blocking access to food and water is a central tool of genocide,\u201d he said. \u201cThese deliberate deprivations target the Banyamulenge with effects equal to mass killing.\u201d<\/p>\n

Mutaboba noted reports of Burundian soldiers turning back Banyamulenge civilians heading to markets near Bijombo and Minembwe.<\/p>\n

\u201cWhile North Kivu remains the epicenter of conflict, South Kivu\u2019s crisis is distinct, marked by alliance-driven abuses, fewer peacekeeping forces, and massive protection gaps,\u201d he observed.<\/p>\n

Reports indicate that in Minembwe, over 548 villages, 134 schools, 41 health centers, and 25 markets have been destroyed, while more than half a million cattle have been looted. \u201cMinembwe looks like a concentration camp,\u201d Mutaboba said. \u201cInfrastructure has been erased, and civilians are trapped.\u201d<\/p>\n

Commenting on prospects for peace, particularly the Doha process, Mutaboba said the initiative has largely stalled, diminishing hopes for de-escalation. He attributed this to the Congolese government\u2019s lack of political will, which has made implementation difficult.<\/p>\n

\u201cWithout verifiable commitments and genuine inclusion, the peace process risks remaining symbolic rather than effective,\u201d he said. \u201cAt its core lies a deep lack of trust and political will. Ongoing atrocities, including government drone attacks on populated areas in Minembwe, Masisi, and Walikale, only deepen that mistrust.\u201d<\/p>\n

He added that since the conflict reignited in 2021, numerous overlapping peace initiatives have emerged, often incoherent and lacking internal legitimacy.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe legitimacy of current peace deals is contested,\u201d Mutaboba observed. \u201cThey coincide with growing criticism of President Tshisekedi\u2019s failure to end the violence, and civil society views these agreements as externally driven and insufficiently inclusive.\u201d<\/p>\n

He also criticized the international community\u2019s muted response. \u201cEconomic interests seem to outweigh the urgency of civilian protection,\u201d he said. \u201cHumanitarian agencies have the capacity to help but hesitate to engage with the already marginalized Banyamulenge.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cOpen humanitarian corridors, allow full access for UN agencies, investigate those responsible for abuses, and reaffirm equal protection for all communities,\u201d Mutaboba added, urging for sanctions against perpetrators, increased humanitarian funding, and the revival of the Doha process with accountability mechanisms.<\/p>\n

Regionally, Mutaboba added, there must be a ceasefire in the Hauts-Plateaux, \u201ca joint verification mission under the Luanda or Doha [peace] tracks, and command directives guaranteeing market and aid access. The world cannot stay silent while a population is starved to death.\u201d<\/p>\n

For More News And Analysis About Rwanda<\/span> Follow Africa-Press<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Rwanda. The Burundian troops that officially entered DR Congo alongside the East African Community Regional Force (EACRF) in November 2022, have remained in the country even after the regional mission\u2019s withdrawal. Their continued presence, now estimated at six to seven battalions in South Kivu alone, has been linked to a worsening humanitarian crisis, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":84,"featured_media":115489,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,29,14],"tags":[6999,8718,7891,2542,3643,8113,7133,8719,758,7868],"class_list":["post-115490","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-all-news","category-head-lines","category-policy","tag-afc-m23","tag-burundian-troops","tag-doha-peace-talks","tag-dr-congo","tag-eacrf","tag-humanitarian-crisis","tag-minembwe","tag-nturo-massacre","tag-rwanda","tag-south-kivu"],"yoast_head":"\nBurundian Troops in South Kivu and Humanitarian Crisis - Rwanda<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Burundian troops that officially entered DR Congo alongside the East African Community Regional Force (EACRF) in Nov ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/rwanda\/policy\/burundian-troops-in-south-kivu-and-humanitarian-crisis\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Burundian Troops in South Kivu and Humanitarian Crisis\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Burundian troops that officially entered DR Congo alongside the East African Community Regional Force (EACRF) in Nov ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/rwanda\/policy\/burundian-troops-in-south-kivu-and-humanitarian-crisis\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Rwanda\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-11-16T14:44:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-11-16T15:44:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/rwanda\/sites\/23\/2025\/11\/sm_1763295029.196132.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"666\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"cfeditoren\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"cfeditoren\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/rwanda\/policy\/burundian-troops-in-south-kivu-and-humanitarian-crisis#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/rwanda\/policy\/burundian-troops-in-south-kivu-and-humanitarian-crisis\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"cfeditoren\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/rwanda\/#\/schema\/person\/068c7ab4e9634ae78ec5d54ec46598bb\"},\"headline\":\"Burundian Troops in South Kivu and Humanitarian Crisis\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-11-16T14:44:40+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-11-16T15:44:30+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/rwanda\/policy\/burundian-troops-in-south-kivu-and-humanitarian-crisis\"},\"wordCount\":1226,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/rwanda\/policy\/burundian-troops-in-south-kivu-and-humanitarian-crisis#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/rwanda\/sites\/23\/2025\/11\/sm_1763295029.196132.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"AFC\/M23\",\"Burundian troops\",\"Doha peace talks\",\"DR Congo\",\"EACRF\",\"Humanitarian crisis\",\"Minembwe\",\"Nturo massacre\",\"Rwanda\",\"South Kivu\"],\"articleSection\":[\"all news\",\"head lines\",\"Policy\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/rwanda\/policy\/burundian-troops-in-south-kivu-and-humanitarian-crisis#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/rwanda\/policy\/burundian-troops-in-south-kivu-and-humanitarian-crisis\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/rwanda\/policy\/burundian-troops-in-south-kivu-and-humanitarian-crisis\",\"name\":\"Burundian Troops in South Kivu and Humanitarian Crisis - 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