{"id":10677,"date":"2023-12-16T20:13:11","date_gmt":"2023-12-16T20:13:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/sao-tome-e-principe\/politique\/crisis-politique-en-afrique-de-louest-tensions-en-sierra-leone-et-guinee-bissau"},"modified":"2023-12-16T21:29:43","modified_gmt":"2023-12-16T21:29:43","slug":"crisis-politique-en-afrique-de-louest-tensions-en-sierra-leone-et-guinee-bissau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/sao-tome-e-principe\/dossiers\/crisis-politique-en-afrique-de-louest-tensions-en-sierra-leone-et-guinee-bissau","title":{"rendered":"Crisis politique en Afrique de l\u2019Ouest: Tensions en Sierra Leone et Guin\u00e9e-Bissau"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe. <\/strong><\/span>La re\u0301gion ouest-africaine est confronte\u0301e a\u0300 une accumulation de crises politiques et institutionnelles, au-dela\u0300 des pays du Sahel. Gilles Yabi alerte sur les tensions politiques en Sierra Leone et aussi en Guine\u0301e-Bissau.<\/p>\n

Les chefs d\u2019E\u0301tat de la Ce\u0301de\u0301ao qui se sont re\u0301unis a\u0300 Abuja le 10 de\u0301cembre avaient sur la table le casse-te\u0302te du Niger et les transitions a\u0300 dure\u0301e inde\u0301termine\u0301e du Mali, du Burkina Faso et de la Guine\u0301e. Cela faisait de\u0301ja\u0300 beaucoup de dossiers pour une Ce\u0301de\u0301ao de\u0301passe\u0301e par les e\u0301ve\u0301nements politiques de ces dernie\u0300res anne\u0301es.<\/p>\n

Mais il a fallu ajouter la Sierra Leone ou\u0300 une attaque matinale surprise le 26 novembre dernier a cou\u0302te\u0301 la vie a\u0300 au moins 21 personnes, majoritairement des militaires. Les autorite\u0301s de Freetown ont qualifie\u0301 cette attaque d\u2019un camp militaire de tentative de coup d\u2019E\u0301tat. Quatre-vingts personnes ont e\u0301te\u0301 arre\u0302te\u0301es. L\u2019ancien pre\u0301sident Ernest Bai\u0308 Koroma, de\u0301sormais conside\u0301re\u0301 comme suspect, a e\u0301te\u0301 assigne\u0301 a\u0300 re\u0301sidence.<\/p>\n

Cela te\u0301moigne de tensions politiques et se\u0301curitaires se\u0301rieuses, quelques mois apre\u0300s une e\u0301lection pre\u0301sidentielle en juin dernier dont la since\u0301rite\u0301 des re\u0301sultats n\u2019avait pas convaincu tous les observateurs. L\u2019attaque du 26 novembre ne peut pas e\u0302tre dissocie\u0301e de l\u2019existence de ressentiments forts au lendemain de la re\u0301e\u0301lection controverse\u0301e de\u0300s le premier tour du pre\u0301sident Julius Maada Bio.<\/p>\n

La Guine\u0301e-Bissau s\u2019est aussi invite\u0301e a\u0300 la table du sommet de la Ce\u0301de\u0301ao depuis les affrontements entre des e\u0301le\u0301ments de la Garde nationale et des forces spe\u0301ciales de la Garde pre\u0301sidentielle le 1er de\u0301cembre et l\u2019e\u0301vocation d\u2019une tentative de coup d\u2019E\u0301tat par le pre\u0301sident Umaro Sissoko Embalo.<\/p>\n

Le pre\u0301sident Embalo a sans doute tente\u0301 de convaincre ses pairs qu\u2019il a e\u0301te\u0301 victime d\u2019une tentative de coup d\u2019E\u0301tat et qu\u2019il ne pouvait que prendre des mesures exceptionnelles, comme celle de dissoudre l\u2019Assemble\u0301e nationale. C\u2019est en effet ce qu\u2019il a fait le 5 de\u0301cembre : dissoudre le parlement pre\u0301side\u0301 par son adversaire politique principal, Domigos Simo\u0303es Pereira, leader du parti africain pour l\u2019inde\u0301pendance de la Guine\u0301e et du Cap-Vert (PAIGC). En juin dernier, c\u2019est la coalition mene\u0301e par le PAIGC qui avait nettement gagne\u0301 les e\u0301lections le\u0301gislatives avec 54 sie\u0300ges contre 29 pour le Madem G15, la famille politique du pre\u0301sident Embalo.<\/p>\n

L\u2019article 94 de la constitution de Guine\u0301e-Bissau interdit toute dissolution de l\u2019Assemble\u0301e nationale par le pre\u0301sident de la re\u0301publique dans les douze mois suivant des e\u0301lections le\u0301gislatives. La de\u0301cision du pre\u0301sident Embalo est donc une violation flagrante de la constitution. Le pre\u0301sident de\u0301roule de fait une reprise en main du pouvoir politique, apre\u0300s la de\u0301faite de son parti lors des e\u0301lections le\u0301gislatives. Cela ressemble beaucoup a\u0300 un coup de force.<\/p>\n

En avril 2010, au lendemain d\u2019une e\u0301nie\u0300me crise politique et se\u0301curitaire dans ce pays, vous aviez e\u0301crit l\u2019article \u00ab Aider la Guine\u0301e-Bissau sans rela\u0302che et sans condescendance \u00bb. Rien n\u2019a change\u0301, 13 ans plus tard, le pays tourne toujours en rond.<\/p>\n

Oui, dans cet article, je parlais d\u2019une \u00ab suite malheureuse d\u2019opportunite\u0301s manque\u0301es dans un pays qui semble incapable de sortir d\u2019un cercle vicieux ou\u0300 l\u2019instabilite\u0301 politique, les violences soudaines, l\u2019impunite\u0301 garantie aux soldats, la faiblesse de la classe politique, la corruption d\u2019une partie des e\u0301lites par l\u2019argent facile d\u2019ou\u0300 qu\u2019il vienne, le sous-de\u0301veloppement de l\u2019e\u0301conomie, l\u2019ane\u0301mie des finances publiques et l\u2019appauvrissement de populations re\u0301signe\u0301es se nourrissent les uns des autres \u00bb.<\/p>\n

On en est exactement au me\u0302me point aujourd\u2019hui. Avec entre-temps l\u2019ascension politique de la personnalite\u0301 d\u2019Umaru Sissoko Embalo, victorieux inattendu de l\u2019e\u0301lection pre\u0301sidentielle de de\u0301cembre 2019. Les pourfendeurs de la de\u0301mocratie dans son essence, nombreux et populaires en ce moment, expliqueront sans doute que les crises politiques re\u0301currentes en Guine\u0301e-Bissau sont le re\u0301sultat du mode\u0300le constitutionnel importe\u0301 du Portugal, de son inadaptation au contexte local. Il y a certes beaucoup de choses a\u0300 corriger dans la constitution actuelle de Guine\u0301e-Bissau et des propositions pre\u0301cises ont de\u0301ja\u0300 e\u0301te\u0301 faites lors de travaux ante\u0301rieurs par des think tanks, des experts et des commissions de\u0301die\u0301es.<\/p>\n

Mais il faut peut-e\u0302tre reconnai\u0302tre que la combinaison de la ruse et de la force, l\u2019absence de limites dans les coups tordus, au c\u0153ur des pratiques de dirigeants parfaitement conscients des conse\u0301quences de leurs actes, est ce qui de\u0301truit toute lueur d\u2019espoir en Guine\u0301e-Bissau comme dans d\u2019autres pays de la re\u0301gion. Dans la majorite\u0301 des pays d\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Ouest, nous faisons face a\u0300 une crise e\u0301thique profonde du leadership politique.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe<\/a>, suivez Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe. La re\u0301gion ouest-africaine est confronte\u0301e a\u0300 une accumulation de crises politiques et institutionnelles, au-dela\u0300 des pays du Sahel. Gilles Yabi alerte sur les tensions politiques en Sierra Leone et aussi en Guine\u0301e-Bissau. Les chefs d\u2019E\u0301tat de la Ce\u0301de\u0301ao qui se sont re\u0301unis a\u0300 Abuja le 10 de\u0301cembre avaient sur […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":10676,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,20,10],"tags":[36,55,56],"class_list":["post-10677","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dossiers","category-top-nouvelles","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-sao-tome-e-principe","tag-sao-tome-e-principe"],"yoast_head":"\nCrisis politique en Afrique de l\u2019Ouest: Tensions en Sierra Leone et Guin\u00e9e-Bissau - S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La re\u0301gion ouest-africaine est confronte\u0301e a\u0300 une accumulation de crises politiques et institutionnelles, au-dela\u0300 des p ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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