{"id":10984,"date":"2024-01-01T15:19:52","date_gmt":"2024-01-01T15:19:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/sao-tome-e-principe\/politique\/le-film-est-un-outil-de-protestation-101-ans-du-pere-du-cinema-africain"},"modified":"2024-01-01T17:10:51","modified_gmt":"2024-01-01T17:10:51","slug":"le-film-est-un-outil-de-protestation-101-ans-du-pere-du-cinema-africain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/sao-tome-e-principe\/politique\/le-film-est-un-outil-de-protestation-101-ans-du-pere-du-cinema-africain","title":{"rendered":"Le film est \u00ab\u00a0un outil de protestation\u00a0\u00bb: 101 ans du p\u00e8re du cin\u00e9ma africain"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe. <\/strong><\/span>Le Se\u0301ne\u0301galais Ousmane Sembe\u0300ne est l\u2019auteur de plus d\u2019une dizaine de films et de romans. Il y de\u0301nonce \u00ab\u00a0la corruption des e\u0301lites, que ce soit la mal-gouvernance, la spoliation des terres, la manie\u0300re de continuer l’alie\u0301nation des populations\u00a0\u00bb sur le continent, avance aupre\u0300s de Sputnik Afrique Mague\u0300ye Kasse\u0301, spe\u0301cialiste sur l\u2019\u0153uvre d\u2019Ousmane Sembe\u0300ne.<\/p>\n

Ce 1er janvier marque les 101 ans de la naissance du pe\u0300re du cine\u0301ma africain. Avant de devenir un re\u0301alisateur politiquement et socialement engage\u0301, Ousmane Sembe\u0300ne a e\u0301te\u0301 tour a\u0300 tour pe\u0302cheur, mac\u0327on, me\u0301canicien automobile, tirailleur se\u0301ne\u0301galais, docker puis responsable syndical.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Les proble\u0300mes qu’il de\u0301nonce sont encore d’actualite\u0301, que ce soit la corruption des e\u0301lites, que ce soit la mal-gouvernance, que ce soit la spoliation des terres, que ce soit la manie\u0300re de continuer l’alie\u0301nation des populations\u00a0\u00bb, avance pour Sputnik Afrique Mague\u0300ye Kasse\u0301, l\u2019un des spe\u0301cialistes de l\u2019\u0153uvre d\u2019Ousmane Sembe\u0300ne.<\/p>\n

Les premiers films d\u2019Ousmane Sembe\u0300ne sont des documentaires qui abordent les proble\u0300mes sociaux et politiques de l’Afrique. Plus tard, il re\u0301alise des longs-me\u0301trages de fiction, dont certains deviennent des classiques du cine\u0301ma africain.<\/p>\n

Au total, Ousmane Sembe\u0300ne a re\u0301alise\u0301 une dizaine de films, dont les plus marquants sont Borom Sarret (1963), La Noire de…(1966), Ceddo (1977). \u00ab\u00a0Son documentaire inacheve\u0301 l’Empire Songhai\u0308, c’est une de\u0301nonciation de la ne\u0301gation de la vitalite\u0301 des empires africains. Ou alors quand on parle de Niaye, c’est aussi le proce\u0300s de la colonisation puisque dans Niaye, il y a le personnage, le militaire qui revient de la guerre comple\u0300tement fou. Et donc c’est aussi une de\u0301nonciation des effets ne\u0301fastes de la colonisation dans l’implication de l’Afrique dans la Premie\u0300re Guerre mondiale\u00a0\u00bb, poursuit Mague\u0300ye Kasse\u0301.<\/p>\n

Devenir militant engage\u0301<\/b><\/p>\n

Ne\u0301 au Se\u0301ne\u0301gal en 1923, Ousmane Sembe\u0300n a e\u0301te\u0301 mobilise\u0301 en 1942 par l\u2019arme\u0301e franc\u0327aise et a inte\u0301gre\u0301 les tirailleurs se\u0301ne\u0301galais au sein du 6e re\u0301giment d’artillerie coloniale. Cette expe\u0301rience difficile l\u2019a profonde\u0301ment marque\u0301e, en nourrissant des sentiments anticolonialistes.<\/p>\n

Apre\u0300s la guerre, il a clandestinement embarque\u0301 pour la France et s\u2019est implante\u0301 a\u0300 Marseille. La\u0300, il adhe\u0300re a\u0300 la CGT, confe\u0301de\u0301ration interprofessionnelle de syndicats franc\u0327ais, et au Parti communiste franc\u0327ais, ou\u0300 il de\u0301veloppe des convictions marxistes et militantes.<\/p>\n

En 1956, il publie son premier roman, Le Docker noir, qui relate son expe\u0301rience de docker.<\/p>\n

Peu a\u0300 peu Ousmane Sembe\u0300ne commence a\u0300 penser au cine\u0301ma pour atteindre les non-lecteurs encore tre\u0300s nombreux en Afrique, et pour donner une autre image de l\u2019Afrique.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Choix politique et ide\u0301ologique\u00a0\u00bb d\u2019aller en URSS<\/b><\/p>\n

En 1959, il revient au Se\u0301ne\u0301gal et fait le tour du continent africain. Deux anne\u0301es plus tard, Ousmane Sembe\u0300ne entre dans une e\u0301cole de cine\u0301ma a\u0300 Moscou, la VGuIK.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Le choix d’aller faire du cine\u0301ma en Union sovie\u0301tique e\u0301tait un choix politique et ide\u0301ologique et c\u0327a ne s’est pas de\u0301menti tout au long de sa production cine\u0301matographique\u00a0\u00bb, indique Mague\u0300ye Kasse\u0301.<\/p>\n

Il re\u0301alise de\u0300s 1962 son premier court-me\u0301trage Borom Sarret (Le Charretier), suivi en 1964 par Niaye qui gagnera le prix CIC du festival de court me\u0301trage de Tours et une mention spe\u0301ciale au Festival international du film de Locarno.<\/p>\n

Pour lui, le film est \u00ab\u00a0un outil de protestation, mais en me\u0302me temps de contestation, pour faire prendre conscience d’abord des enjeux de de\u0301veloppement, ensuite des impasses dans lesquelles les pays africains se trouvaient et des impasses qui sont le fait de la non-volonte\u0301 des pays colonisateurs de laisser les pays colonise\u0301s aller a\u0300 l’inde\u0301pendance\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Ousmane Sembe\u0300ne \u00ab\u00a0a marque\u0301 de son empreinte, c’est-a\u0300-dire, sa technique cine\u0301matographique, les proce\u0301de\u0301s techniques qu’il a utilise\u0301s, le jeu de la came\u0301ra, la the\u0301matique qu\u2019il a de\u0301veloppe\u0301e, l’inte\u0301re\u0302t que cela suscitait, les proble\u0300mes que son cine\u0301ma abordait et qui e\u0301tait un cine\u0301ma a\u0300 la fois d’une actualite\u0301 bru\u0302lante pour l’e\u0301poque, c’est-a\u0300-dire traitant des proble\u0300mes auxquels l’Afrique e\u0301tait confronte\u0301\u00a0\u00bb, re\u0301sume Mague\u0300ye Kasse\u0301.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe<\/a>, suivez Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe. Le Se\u0301ne\u0301galais Ousmane Sembe\u0300ne est l\u2019auteur de plus d\u2019une dizaine de films et de romans. Il y de\u0301nonce \u00ab\u00a0la corruption des e\u0301lites, que ce soit la mal-gouvernance, la spoliation des terres, la manie\u0300re de continuer l’alie\u0301nation des populations\u00a0\u00bb sur le continent, avance aupre\u0300s de Sputnik Afrique Mague\u0300ye Kasse\u0301, spe\u0301cialiste […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":10983,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,10],"tags":[36,55,56],"class_list":["post-10984","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politique","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-sao-tome-e-principe","tag-sao-tome-e-principe"],"yoast_head":"\nLe film est "un outil de protestation": 101 ans du p\u00e8re du cin\u00e9ma africain - S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le Se\u0301ne\u0301galais Ousmane Sembe\u0300ne est l\u2019auteur de plus d\u2019une dizaine de films et de romans. 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