{"id":11242,"date":"2024-01-15T15:27:32","date_gmt":"2024-01-15T15:27:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/sao-tome-e-principe\/politique\/les-requins-tues-a-un-rythme-alarmant-malgre-les-reglementations-etude"},"modified":"2024-01-16T19:10:51","modified_gmt":"2024-01-16T19:10:51","slug":"les-requins-tues-a-un-rythme-alarmant-malgre-les-reglementations-etude","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/sao-tome-e-principe\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-requins-tues-a-un-rythme-alarmant-malgre-les-reglementations-etude","title":{"rendered":"Les requins tu\u00e9s \u00e0 un rythme alarmant malgr\u00e9 les r\u00e9glementations (\u00e9tude)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe. <\/strong><\/span>La population mondiale de requins est en chute libre malgre\u0301 les efforts de\u0301ploye\u0301s pour mettre un terme a\u0300 leur abattage massif pour leurs ailerons, ont de\u0301nonce\u0301 des chercheurs dans un rapport montrant qu\u2019il faut faire davantage pour prote\u0301ger l\u2019espe\u0300ce.<\/p>\n

Entre 2012 et 2019, le nombre de requins tue\u0301s par la pe\u0302che est passe\u0301 de quelque 76 millions par an a\u0300 plus de 80 millions, ont-ils indique\u0301 dans la revue Science. Au moins 25 millions d\u2019entre eux appartenaient a\u0300 des espe\u0300ces menace\u0301es.<\/p>\n

Les requins existent depuis 400 millions d\u2019anne\u0301es, mais l\u2019appe\u0301tit croissant pour leurs ailerons \u2013 une denre\u0301e pre\u0301cieuse sur les marche\u0301s asiatiques \u2013 a conduit plusieurs espe\u0300ces au bord de l\u2019extinction.<\/p>\n

Aujourd\u2019hui, 70% des pays et des juridictions ont mis en place des re\u0301glementations de protection interdisant l\u2019enle\u0300vement des nageoires de requin, qui consiste a\u0300 rejeter les grands pre\u0301dateurs dans l\u2019oce\u0301an et a\u0300 les laisser mourir une fois que leurs nageoires ont e\u0301te\u0301 enleve\u0301es.<\/p>\n

Mais certaines de ces re\u0300gles, qui ont vu le jour dans les anne\u0301es 1990, ont eu des conse\u0301quences inattendues qui cou\u0302tent la vie a\u0300 un nombre encore plus grand de requins, comme le re\u0301ve\u0300lent de nouvelles donne\u0301es.<\/p>\n

L\u2019enle\u0300vement des nageoires a le\u0301ge\u0300rement diminue\u0301 au cours des deux dernie\u0300res de\u0301cennies, mais les politiques obligeant les pe\u0302cheurs a\u0300 de\u0301barquer les requins entiers ont involontairement encourage\u0301 le marche\u0301 de la viande de requin.<\/p>\n

\u201cCes mesures n\u2019ont pas e\u0301te\u0301 la solution miracle que nous espe\u0301rions\u201d, a explique\u0301 a\u0300 l\u2019AFP l\u2019auteur de l\u2019e\u0301tude, Laurenne Schiller. Les chercheurs ont passe\u0301 trois ans a\u0300 collecter des donne\u0301es sur les re\u0301glementations en matie\u0300re de pe\u0302che et sur la mortalite\u0301 des requins.<\/p>\n

Ils ont e\u0301te\u0301 surpris d\u2019apprendre \u201ca\u0300 quel point le commerce de la viande, de l\u2019huile et du cartilage de requin est re\u0301pandu et comment les requins apparaissent dans de nombreux produits sans que les consommateurs en soient conscients\u201d, a de\u0301clare\u0301 Boris Worm, l\u2019auteur principal de l\u2019e\u0301tude.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Adopter une approche plus cible\u0301e \u2013<\/b><\/p>\n

Les pe\u0302cheries capturent de\u0301sormais plus souvent des requins plus petits en raison du de\u0301clin du commerce des ailerons et de la diminution des grands requins.<\/p>\n

Dans les zones ou\u0300 la mortalite\u0301 des requins est la plus e\u0301leve\u0301e, les chercheurs ont constate\u0301 une plus grande utilisation des filets maillants (filets suspendus dans l\u2019eau) et des chaluts (filets lourds trai\u0302ne\u0301s au fond de l\u2019oce\u0301an).<\/p>\n

Bien qu\u2019ils soient des grands pre\u0301dateurs, les requins sont tre\u0300s vulne\u0301rables, fait valoir M. Schiller. \u201cLes requins ont passe\u0301 plus de 99% de leur temps sur Terre dans un oce\u0301an de\u0301pourvu d\u2019e\u0302tres humains: ils n\u2019e\u0301taient donc pas pre\u0301pare\u0301s a\u0300 nous affronter\u201d.<\/p>\n

Les requins sont pourtant essentiels a\u0300 la sante\u0301 des oce\u0301ans. \u201cLa disparition de ces espe\u0300ces peut perturber l\u2019e\u0301quilibre de l\u2019e\u0301cosyste\u0300me marin\u201d, a-t-elle estime\u0301. Or, un requin sur trois dans le monde est menace\u0301 d\u2019extinction.<\/p>\n

Mme Worm a souligne\u0301 toutefois que de nombreux pays et territoires ont de\u0301ja\u0300 mis en place des sanctuaires pour sauvegarder l\u2019une des espe\u0300ces les plus anciennes au monde.<\/p>\n

Ne\u0301anmoins, les risques pour les requins co\u0302tiers semblent s\u2019aggraver a\u0300 l\u2019e\u0301chelle mondiale, une conclusion soutenue par l\u2019Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature (UICN).<\/p>\n

\u201cNous devons adopter une approche plus cible\u0301e pour re\u0301duire la mortalite\u0301 des requins\u201d, a de\u0301clare\u0301 M. Schiller.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe<\/a>, suivez Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe. La population mondiale de requins est en chute libre malgre\u0301 les efforts de\u0301ploye\u0301s pour mettre un terme a\u0300 leur abattage massif pour leurs ailerons, ont de\u0301nonce\u0301 des chercheurs dans un rapport montrant qu\u2019il faut faire davantage pour prote\u0301ger l\u2019espe\u0300ce. Entre 2012 et 2019, le nombre de requins tue\u0301s par […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":11241,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,10],"tags":[36,55,56],"class_list":["post-11242","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-sao-tome-e-principe","tag-sao-tome-e-principe"],"yoast_head":"\nLes requins tu\u00e9s \u00e0 un rythme alarmant malgr\u00e9 les r\u00e9glementations (\u00e9tude) - S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La population mondiale de requins est en chute libre malgre\u0301 les efforts de\u0301ploye\u0301s pour mettre un terme a\u0300 leur abattag ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link 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