{"id":11394,"date":"2024-01-21T19:46:30","date_gmt":"2024-01-21T19:46:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/sao-tome-e-principe\/politique\/en-antarctique-le-plus-grand-iceberg-du-monde-a-la-derive"},"modified":"2024-01-22T18:00:30","modified_gmt":"2024-01-22T18:00:30","slug":"en-antarctique-le-plus-grand-iceberg-du-monde-a-la-derive","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/sao-tome-e-principe\/toutes-les-actualites\/en-antarctique-le-plus-grand-iceberg-du-monde-a-la-derive","title":{"rendered":"En Antarctique, le plus grand iceberg du monde \u00e0 la d\u00e9rive"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe. <\/strong><\/span>Impossible ce jour-la\u0300 de l\u2019apercevoir a\u0300 travers l\u2019e\u0301pais brouillard des mers de l\u2019Antarctique, mais Ian Strachan, chef d\u2019expe\u0301dition, savait que son navire s\u2019approchait d\u2019un mastodonte glace\u0301: le plus grand iceberg du monde flottait quelque part devant lui.<\/p>\n

\u201cEt puis les nuages se sont dissipe\u0301s et nous avons vu cette ligne blanche, presque abstraite, s\u2019e\u0301tendre le long de la ligne d\u2019horizon\u201d, raconte a\u0300 l\u2019AFP Ian Strachan, qui a rencontre\u0301 l\u2019iceberg pour la premie\u0300re fois dimanche dernier.<\/p>\n

A mesure que son navire s\u2019avanc\u0327ait, apparaissaient d\u2019e\u0301normes crevasses be\u0301antes et de magnifiques arcs bleus, sculpte\u0301s dans le mur de glace. Certaines arches s\u2019e\u0301taient effondre\u0301es sous les coups de vagues hautes de quatre me\u0300tres, de\u0301crit-il.<\/p>\n

L\u2019iceberg, en forme de dent et baptise\u0301 A23a, mesure pre\u0300s de 4.000 kilome\u0300tres carre\u0301s \u2013 soit 40 fois Paris.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Son poids est estime\u0301 a\u0300 pre\u0300s de mille milliards de tonnes et son e\u0301paisseur atteint 400 me\u0300tres a\u0300 certains endroits. Faisant route vers le nord de l\u2019oce\u0301an austral, il se situe actuellement entre l\u2019i\u0302le de l\u2019E\u0301le\u0301phant et les i\u0302les Orcades du Sud.<\/p>\n

L\u2019expe\u0301dition prive\u0301e de Ian Strachan, ge\u0301re\u0301e par la socie\u0301te\u0301 EYOS expeditions, n\u2019a pas e\u0301te\u0301 le premier te\u0301moin du spectacle.<\/p>\n

En de\u0301cembre dernier, le navire britannique de recherche polaire RRS Sir David Attenborough effectuait une mission scientifique en Antarctique, quand A23a lui a barre\u0301 la route.<\/p>\n

Le chef de l\u2019expe\u0301dition, Andrew Meijers, se souvient de ce \u201cmoment magique\u201d a\u0300 l\u2019approche de l\u2019iceberg, le soleil apparaissant, un groupe d\u2019orques passant a\u0300 la nage…<\/p>\n

\u201cIl nous a fallu six heures pour le de\u0301passer, a\u0300 toute vapeur\u201d, dit ce scientifique du British Antarctic Survey.<\/p>\n

\u2013 \u201cSon heure est venue\u201d \u2013<\/b><\/p>\n

L\u2019iceberg A23a s\u2019est de\u0301tache\u0301 de la co\u0302te antarctique pour la premie\u0300re fois en 1986, ce qui en fait a\u0300 la fois le plus ancien et le plus grand du monde.<\/p>\n

Mais il s\u2019est rapidement retrouve\u0301 coince\u0301 sur des hauts-fonds de l\u2019oce\u0301an, ou\u0300 il a stagne\u0301 durant trois de\u0301cennies. En 2020, Andrew Fleming, e\u0301galement du British Antarctic Survey, avait vu des images satellite sugge\u0301rant que le ge\u0301ant \u201cvacillait\u201d.<\/p>\n

A23a a fini par se libe\u0301rer a\u0300 la fin de l\u2019anne\u0301e dernie\u0300re, et commence\u0301 a\u0300 s\u2019aventurer vers le nord.<\/p>\n

La question d\u2019un lien avec le changement climatique \u2013 la banquise hivernale de l\u2019Antarctique a atteint un niveau bas record en 2023 \u2013 reste ouverte. Selon Andrew Meijers, cela revient a\u0300 essayer d\u2019attribuer un seul incendie ou une seule inondation au re\u0301chauffement climatique.<\/p>\n

Andrew Fleming pre\u0301cise ne\u0301anmoins que la formation de ce genre d\u2019icebergs est un processus naturel et que chaque anne\u0301e, un ou deux immenses blocs de glace se de\u0301tachent du continent blanc.<\/p>\n

\u201cIl est plus probable que son heure soit venue\u201d et qu\u2019il vive ses derniers mois, pense Andrew Fleming. La \u201cgrosse be\u0302te\u201d, comme il la surnomme, avance au pas. \u201cLe Titanic aurait eu le temps de la voir venir\u201d.<\/p>\n

Depuis que A23a s\u2019est de\u0301tache\u0301 du continent blanc, il a suivi peu ou prou la me\u0302me trajectoire que les pre\u0301ce\u0301dents icebergs massifs A68 et A76: en passant par le co\u0302te\u0301 est de la pe\u0301ninsule antarctique et la mer de Weddell, le long d\u2019une route dite \u201ccouloir des icebergs\u201d.<\/p>\n

Des eaux plus chaudes et des vagues plus grandes vont probablement le briser sur sa route, de\u0301taille Andrew Fleming.<\/p>\n

S\u2019il suit les pas de ses deux pre\u0301de\u0301cesseurs il se dirigera vers l\u2019i\u0302le de Ge\u0301orgie du Sud, qui abrite une faune tre\u0300s riche comme les manchots et les phoques.<\/p>\n

Ce qui soule\u0300ve une le\u0301ge\u0300re inquie\u0301tude car si l\u2019iceberg venait a\u0300 stationner pre\u0300s de l\u2019i\u0302le, il risquerait d\u2019empe\u0302cher ces animaux d\u2019acce\u0301der a\u0300 leur lieu de nourrissage habituel. Un sce\u0301nario ne\u0301anmoins peu probable.<\/p>\n

L\u2019iceberg A68 s\u2019e\u0301tait pluto\u0302t fragmente\u0301 en petits morceaux, rendant la navigation difficile pour les bateaux de pe\u0302che, a explique\u0301 Andrew Meijers.<\/p>\n

Il est donc plus probable que A23a de\u0301rive autour de l\u2019i\u0302le et continue a\u0300 serpenter vers le nord. Et finisse par fondre dans des eaux plus chaudes, comme tous les icebergs allant dans cette direction.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe<\/a>, suivez Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe. Impossible ce jour-la\u0300 de l\u2019apercevoir a\u0300 travers l\u2019e\u0301pais brouillard des mers de l\u2019Antarctique, mais Ian Strachan, chef d\u2019expe\u0301dition, savait que son navire s\u2019approchait d\u2019un mastodonte glace\u0301: le plus grand iceberg du monde flottait quelque part devant lui. \u201cEt puis les nuages se sont dissipe\u0301s et nous avons vu cette […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":11393,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,10],"tags":[36,55,56],"class_list":["post-11394","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-sao-tome-e-principe","tag-sao-tome-e-principe"],"yoast_head":"\nEn Antarctique, le plus grand iceberg du monde \u00e0 la d\u00e9rive - S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe<\/title>\n<meta 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