{"id":13427,"date":"2024-05-15T10:59:00","date_gmt":"2024-05-15T10:59:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/sao-tome-e-principe\/politique\/des-engagements-pour-doter-lafrique-de-systemes-de-cuisson-non-dangereux"},"modified":"2024-05-16T01:38:38","modified_gmt":"2024-05-16T01:38:38","slug":"des-engagements-pour-doter-lafrique-de-systemes-de-cuisson-non-dangereux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/sao-tome-e-principe\/economie\/des-engagements-pour-doter-lafrique-de-systemes-de-cuisson-non-dangereux","title":{"rendered":"Des engagements pour doter l\u2019Afrique de syst\u00e8mes de cuisson non dangereux"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe. <\/strong><\/span>C\u2019est maintenant ou jamais!\u201d Les engagements se sont multiplie\u0301s mardi lors d\u2019un sommet a\u0300 Paris destine\u0301 a\u0300 favoriser l\u2019e\u0301quipement des me\u0301nages africains en syste\u0300mes de cuisson non dangereux, un enjeu sanitaire, social et climatique majeur.<\/p>\n

Des promesses de financements et d\u2019investissements ont e\u0301te\u0301 faites, et un engagement de dizaines d\u2019acteurs a\u0300 faire de ce sujet \u201cune priorite\u0301\u201d publie\u0301, selon un texte propose\u0301 par l\u2019Agence internationale de l\u2019Energie (AIE), organisatrice au co\u0302te\u0301 des dirigeants tanzanien, norve\u0301gien et de la Banque africaine de de\u0301veloppement (BAD).<\/p>\n

Aujourd\u2019hui, 2,3 milliards de personnes, dont plus d\u2019un milliard en Afrique, doivent cuire leurs aliments sur feu ouvert ou sur des poe\u0302les rudimentaires chauffe\u0301es par du charbon, du fumier, du bois, des de\u0301chets agricoles…<\/p>\n

Les e\u0301manations nocives de ces e\u0301quipements sont la troisie\u0300me cause de de\u0301ce\u0300s pre\u0301mature\u0301 dans le monde, la deuxie\u0300me en Afrique subsaharienne, par maladies respiratoires, mais aussi AVC ou cancer.<\/p>\n

Les premie\u0300res victimes sont les femmes et les enfants, qui en outre consacrent des heures chaque jour a\u0300 rechercher des combustibles.<\/p>\n

Et si la situation s\u2019est ame\u0301liore\u0301e dans les grands pays d\u2019Asie, l\u2019Afrique subit une \u201cde\u0301te\u0301rioration\u201d, a\u0300 l\u2019exception de quelques pays comme le Kenya ou la Tanzanie, observe l\u2019AIE.<\/p>\n

Mardi, un millier de participants, institutions, ONU, entreprises, etc., et repre\u0301sentants de 60 pays ont lance\u0301 des appels a\u0300 agir. Certains, comme la France, le Danemark, la Norve\u0300ge, les Etats-Unis et l\u2019UE, ont annonce\u0301 des efforts accrus.<\/p>\n

\u201cUn tournant a eu lieu. C\u2019est maintenant ou jamais!\u201d, a lance\u0301 le directeur de l\u2019AIE, Fatih Birol.<\/p>\n

\u201cLes annonces d\u2019aujourd\u2019hui s\u2019e\u0301le\u0300vent a\u0300 2,2 milliards de dollars, et viennent en plus des annonces connues\u201d, a-t-il indique\u0301, promettant de \u201csuivre ce que deviennent ces promesses\u201d, venues pour un peu plus de la moitie\u0301 du secteur prive\u0301, pour environ 30% de pre\u0302ts a\u0300 conditions tre\u0300s favorables, essentiellement d\u2019origine publique, et pour 15% de cre\u0301dits carbone.<\/p>\n

Les besoins sont pourtant modestes, note l\u2019AIE: 4 milliards de dollars annuels permettraient de re\u0301gler en grande partie le proble\u0300me en Afrique d\u2019ici a\u0300 2030, quand seulement 2 milliards sont aujourd\u2019hui investis dans le monde, pour l\u2019essentiel hors du continent africain.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Plus re\u0301chauffant que l\u2019avion \u2013<\/b><\/p>\n

Parmi les initiatives des entreprises prive\u0301es, TotalEnergies a annonce\u0301 son intention d\u2019investir plus de 400 millions de dollars dans le de\u0301veloppement et la distribution en Afrique et en Inde de gaz de pe\u0301trole lique\u0301fie\u0301 (GPL) destine\u0301 a\u0300 la cuisson.<\/p>\n

GPL, e\u0301lectricite\u0301, granule\u0301s a\u0300 base de de\u0301chets agricoles, bioe\u0301thanol a\u0300 base de cultures sucrie\u0300res, etc., les propositions varient pour remplacer les syste\u0300mes actuels. Pluto\u0302t \u201clow tech\u201d, mais encore trop che\u0300res pour un foyer moyen, qui doit e\u0302tre soutenu.<\/p>\n

\u201cAssurer un acce\u0300s ge\u0301ne\u0301ral a\u0300 des modes de cuisson propres en Afrique requiert un financement abordable et durable\u201d, a souligne\u0301 la pre\u0301sidente tanzanienne Samia Suluhu Hassan.<\/p>\n

\u201cOn avance trop lentement\u201d, a regrette\u0301 le pre\u0301sident du Togo, Faure Gnassingbe\u0301, martelant que \u201cla cuisson traditionnelle n'(e\u0301tait) plus soutenable\u201d.<\/p>\n

Relevant que les re\u0301seaux e\u0301lectriques en Afrique restent souvent de\u0301ficients, il a plaide\u0301 pour le GPL, appelant les institutions re\u0301ticentes de\u0301sormais a\u0300 subventionner des e\u0301nergies fossiles a\u0300 \u201cenvisager une exception\u201d.<\/p>\n

Un soutien au GPL que le PDG de TotalEnergies, Patrick Pouyanne\u0301, pre\u0301sent mardi, n\u2019a pas manque\u0301 de relever.<\/p>\n

Sur le plan climatique, les me\u0301thodes de cuisson impropres ge\u0301ne\u0300rent actuellement, selon l\u2019AIE, autant d\u2019e\u0301missions re\u0301chauffant la plane\u0300te que celles de l\u2019aviation et du transport maritime cumule\u0301es. En cause, les e\u0301missions de me\u0301thane (lie\u0301es a\u0300 une combustion souvent mauvaise) et la de\u0301forestation.<\/p>\n

A Paris, le secre\u0301taire de l\u2019ONU pour le climat (Cnuccc), Simon Stiell, a appele\u0301 les E\u0301tats a\u0300 inclure des mesures en la matie\u0300re dans leurs futurs engagements climatiques nationaux, attendus pour 2025. Seuls 60 pays l\u2019ont fait, a-t-il indique\u0301.<\/p>\n

Ministre malgache de l\u2019E\u0301nergie, Olivier Jean-Baptiste s\u2019est dit \u201cpre\u0302t a\u0300 accueillir toutes les initiatives\u201d, notamment du secteur prive\u0301.<\/p>\n

A Madagascar, \u201c90% des me\u0301nages sont encore au bois et au charbon\u201d, et 100.000 hectares de fore\u0302t disparaissent chaque anne\u0301e, dont un tiers en raison des besoins culinaires.<\/p>\n

D\u2019autres rendez-vous doivent e\u0302tre consacre\u0301s a\u0300 ce sujet, selon l\u2019AIE, au prochain G20, a\u0300 l\u2019Assemble\u0301e ge\u0301ne\u0301rale de l\u2019ONU en septembre et a\u0300 la COP29.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe<\/a>, suivez Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe. C\u2019est maintenant ou jamais!\u201d Les engagements se sont multiplie\u0301s mardi lors d\u2019un sommet a\u0300 Paris destine\u0301 a\u0300 favoriser l\u2019e\u0301quipement des me\u0301nages africains en syste\u0300mes de cuisson non dangereux, un enjeu sanitaire, social et climatique majeur. Des promesses de financements et d\u2019investissements ont e\u0301te\u0301 faites, et un engagement de dizaines […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":13426,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,20,10],"tags":[36,55,56],"class_list":["post-13427","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economie","category-top-nouvelles","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-sao-tome-e-principe","tag-sao-tome-e-principe"],"yoast_head":"\nDes engagements pour doter l\u2019Afrique de syst\u00e8mes de cuisson non dangereux - S\u00e3o Tom\u00e9 e Pr\u00edncipe<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"C\u2019est maintenant ou jamais!\u201d Les engagements se sont multiplie\u0301s mardi lors d\u2019un sommet a\u0300 Paris destine\u0301 a\u0300 favoriser l ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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