{"id":63067,"date":"2024-11-26T04:59:45","date_gmt":"2024-11-26T04:59:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/politique\/des-particules-cosmiques-dune-energie-record-detectees-sur-terre"},"modified":"2024-11-26T05:26:32","modified_gmt":"2024-11-26T05:26:32","slug":"des-particules-cosmiques-dune-energie-record-detectees-sur-terre","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/des-particules-cosmiques-dune-energie-record-detectees-sur-terre","title":{"rendered":"Des Particules Cosmiques D’Une \u00c9nergie Record D\u00e9tect\u00e9es sur Terre"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Senegal. <\/strong><\/span>En 1912, le 7 aou\u0302t, le physicien autrichien Victor Franz Hess entreprit un vol en ballon qui restera grave\u0301 dans l\u2019histoire des sciences. Il voulait e\u0301tudier un myste\u0301rieux rayonnement ionisant qui parasitait les e\u0301lectroscopes. Et il pensait qu\u2019en prenant de l\u2019altitude, il pourrait mesurer l\u2019atte\u0301nuation de ce rayonnement dont les scientifiques de l\u2019e\u0301poque estimaient qu\u2019il e\u0301tait originaire de la Terre. C\u2019est tout le contraire qui se produisit: le Baron Hess s\u2019aperc\u0327ut que plus il montait, plus le rayonnement augmentait, ce qui de\u0301montrait qu\u2019il e\u0301tait originaire du cosmos. Il venait de de\u0301couvrir le rayonnement cosmique. Plus d’un sie\u0300cle d’e\u0301tudes apre\u0300s certains de ces rayons restent toujours aussi myste\u0301rieux, comme ceux de tre\u0300s haute e\u0301nergie que viennent de de\u0301nicher les membres du consortium HESS (High Energy Stereoscopic System).<\/p>\n

De\u0301tection record<\/b><\/p>\n

L’observatoire HESS est constitue\u0301 de cinq te\u0301lescopes installe\u0301s en Namibie et normalement spe\u0301cialise\u0301s dans la de\u0301tection des rayons gamma, mais dont les capacite\u0301s permettent aussi de de\u0301tecter les e\u0301lectrons cosmiques (CRe), a\u0300 condition de passer en revue, avec attention, les donne\u0301es re\u0301colte\u0301es par ces instruments. C’est ce qu’ont fait les chercheurs qui ont analyse\u0301 une de\u0301cennie de mesures pour identifier les signaux e\u0301mis par les CRe et les diffe\u0301rencier de ceux produits par les protons et les noyaux d’atomes plus lourds qui sont beaucoup plus fre\u0301quents.<\/p>\n

Au terme de leur travail, qui fait l’objet d’une publication dans la revue Physical Review Letters, les astrophysiciens ont pu identifier, gra\u0302ce a\u0300 des algorithmes de pointe, des CRe d’e\u0301nergie atteignant jusqu’a\u0300 40 TeV (1012 e\u0301lectronvolts), un record. A titre de comparaison, les particules de la lumie\u0300re visible ont une e\u0301nergie de deux a\u0300 trois e\u0301lectronvolts.<\/p>\n

Les CRe perdent une grande partie de leur e\u0301nergie en chemin vers la Terre car ils interagissent avec la lumie\u0300re et les champs magne\u0301tiques omnipre\u0301sents dans tout l’Univers. Ces pertes sont particulie\u0300rement importantes pour les e\u0301lectrons et positrons les plus e\u0301nerge\u0301tiques. Il n\u2019est donc pas possible de remonter au point d\u2019origine de ces particules charge\u0301es dans l\u2019espace, mais les re\u0301sultats montrent un changement notable dans la distribution d’e\u0301nergie des e\u0301lectrons. Cela indique que seules quelques sources locales, situe\u0301es relativement pre\u0300s du Syste\u0300me solaire, peuvent ge\u0301ne\u0301rer de tels flux. Les pulsars ou les vestiges de supernovas pourraient faire partie de ces sources, mais aucune hypothe\u0300se n’a encore e\u0301te\u0301 confirme\u0301e.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la Senegal<\/span>, suivez Africa-Press<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Senegal. En 1912, le 7 aou\u0302t, le physicien autrichien Victor Franz Hess entreprit un vol en ballon qui restera grave\u0301 dans l\u2019histoire des sciences. Il voulait e\u0301tudier un myste\u0301rieux rayonnement ionisant qui parasitait les e\u0301lectroscopes. Et il pensait qu\u2019en prenant de l\u2019altitude, il pourrait mesurer l\u2019atte\u0301nuation de ce rayonnement dont les scientifiques de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":63065,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,10],"tags":[44],"class_list":["post-63067","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-senegal-2"],"yoast_head":"\nDes Particules Cosmiques D'Une \u00c9nergie Record D\u00e9tect\u00e9es sur Terre - Senegal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"En 1912, le 7 aou\u0302t, le physicien autrichien Victor Franz Hess entreprit un vol en ballon qui restera grave\u0301 dans l\u2019hist ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/des-particules-cosmiques-dune-energie-record-detectees-sur-terre\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Des Particules Cosmiques D'Une \u00c9nergie Record D\u00e9tect\u00e9es sur Terre\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"En 1912, le 7 aou\u0302t, le physicien autrichien Victor Franz Hess entreprit un vol en ballon qui restera grave\u0301 dans l\u2019hist ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/des-particules-cosmiques-dune-energie-record-detectees-sur-terre\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Senegal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T04:59:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T05:26:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/senegal\/sites\/13\/2024\/11\/sm_1732585937.24605.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"900\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"cfeditorfr\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"cfeditorfr\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/des-particules-cosmiques-dune-energie-record-detectees-sur-terre#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/des-particules-cosmiques-dune-energie-record-detectees-sur-terre\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"cfeditorfr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/#\/schema\/person\/2b1cf3cd81a31e3cd26889ca66d677f1\"},\"headline\":\"Des Particules Cosmiques D’Une \u00c9nergie Record D\u00e9tect\u00e9es sur Terre\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-26T04:59:45+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-11-26T05:26:32+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/des-particules-cosmiques-dune-energie-record-detectees-sur-terre\"},\"wordCount\":486,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/des-particules-cosmiques-dune-energie-record-detectees-sur-terre#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/senegal\/sites\/13\/2024\/11\/sm_1732585937.24605.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Senegal\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Divers\",\"Toutes les actualit\u00e9s\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/des-particules-cosmiques-dune-energie-record-detectees-sur-terre#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/des-particules-cosmiques-dune-energie-record-detectees-sur-terre\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/des-particules-cosmiques-dune-energie-record-detectees-sur-terre\",\"name\":\"Des Particules Cosmiques D'Une \u00c9nergie Record D\u00e9tect\u00e9es sur Terre - 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