{"id":65224,"date":"2025-02-01T20:57:05","date_gmt":"2025-02-01T20:57:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/politique\/le-biochar-technologie-revolutionnaire-contre-le-co2"},"modified":"2025-05-05T18:26:56","modified_gmt":"2025-05-05T18:26:56","slug":"le-biochar-technologie-revolutionnaire-contre-le-co2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/le-biochar-technologie-revolutionnaire-contre-le-co2","title":{"rendered":"Le Biochar, Technologie R\u00e9volutionnaire Contre le CO2"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Senegal. <\/strong><\/span>Il ame\u0301liore la sante\u0301 des sols. Il stocke le CO2. Le biochar a des qualite\u0301s reconnues par la science. Mais celles-ci pourraient avoir e\u0301te\u0301 largement sous-estime\u0301es, nous apprennent aujourd\u2019hui des chercheurs.<\/p>\n

Bru\u0302lez de la matie\u0300re ve\u0301ge\u0301tale sans lui apporter d’oxyge\u0300ne – c’est le principe de la pyrolyse – et vous obtiendrez une sorte de charbon que les scientifiques appellent biochar. C’est lui qui, en Amazonie, rend les terra preta, les terres noires, aussi fertiles. Les chercheurs commencent a\u0300 comprendre comment il agit. Sa structure poreuse ae\u0300re les sols use\u0301s par des anne\u0301es d’exploitation agressive. Elle y maintient une certaine humidite\u0301 aussi. Et le pH e\u0301leve\u0301 du biochar aide a\u0300 de\u0301sacidifier les terres. Selon de re\u0301centes e\u0301tudes, le biochar ame\u0301liore aussi les interactions entre le microbiome du sol et les racines des plantes qui y poussent.<\/p>\n

Ce que le biochar fait e\u0301galement tre\u0300s bien, c’est stocker du carbone. Car la pyrolyse de matie\u0300re ve\u0301ge\u0301tale a pour effet de concentrer dans le biochar obtenu le carbone cache\u0301 dans le CO2 que les plantes ont capte\u0301 tout au long de leur vie. Le Groupe d’experts intergouvernemental sur l’e\u0301volution du climat (Giec) l’identifie d’ailleurs comme un outil de plus a\u0300 notre disposition pour e\u0301liminer une part du CO2 pre\u0301sent dans notre atmosphe\u0300re. Un outil de plus.<\/p>\n

Le biochar retient le carbone pendant des millions d\u2019anne\u0301es<\/b><\/p>\n

Mais des chercheurs de l’universite\u0301 d’Aarhus (Danemark) vont plus loin aujourd’hui. Dans une e\u0301tude parue dans la revue Biochar, ils vont jusqu’a\u0300 e\u0301voquer un \u00ab e\u0301norme potentiel en tant que solution pre\u0302te a\u0300 l’emploi d’e\u0301limination du CO2 a\u0300 long terme \u00bb. Et voila\u0300 comment du statut de \u00ab technologie prometteuse \u00bb, le biochar pourrait bien passer a\u0300 celui de \u00ab technologie essentielle \u00bb dans nos strate\u0301gies climatiques.<\/p>\n

Pour comprendre, il faut savoir que des doutes avaient e\u0301te\u0301 e\u0301mis concernant la stabilite\u0301 dans le temps du biochar. Mais il y a un an, une e\u0301tude parue a\u0300 l’International Journal of Coal Geology avait finalement fait la preuve des capacite\u0301s du biochar a\u0300 stocker du carbone sur le long terme. Comprenez, pendant des millions d’anne\u0301es ! Partant de la\u0300, les chercheurs danois estiment que les mode\u0300les utilise\u0301s par les experts du climat pour re\u0301aliser leurs projections se basent sur des hypothe\u0300ses obsole\u0300tes concernant le biochar. Ils de\u0301montrent me\u0302me que ces mode\u0300les ne comprennent pas la chimie sous-jacente et surestiment conside\u0301rablement les taux de de\u0301composition du biochar.<\/p>\n

Une solution fiable pour e\u0301liminer le CO2 de notre atmosphe\u0300re<\/b><\/p>\n

Les chercheurs e\u0301tablissent enfin des bases qui devraient permettre au biochar d’e\u0302tre reconnu comme une technologie de stockage du carbone efficace, e\u0301volutive et permanente. Ils appellent notamment a\u0300 une caracte\u0301risation physicochimique comple\u0300te du biochar qui pourrait aider a\u0300 maximiser la se\u0301questration du carbone tout en ame\u0301liorant la sante\u0301 des sols.<\/p>\n

Les auteurs de l’e\u0301tude espe\u0300rent que leurs re\u0301sultats inciteront les de\u0301cideurs politiques, les industriels et les chercheurs a\u0300 agir imme\u0301diatement. \u00ab Le biochar, c’est une technologie pre\u0302te a\u0300 e\u0302tre mise en \u0153uvre et qui peut avoir un impact imme\u0301diat \u00bb, assure Henrik Ingermann Petersen, professeur au Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, dans un communique\u0301. Gra\u0302ce a\u0300 des mode\u0300les pre\u0301cis et soutenus par les dernie\u0300res de\u0301couvertes expe\u0301rimentales, le biochar et la pyrolyse lente pourraient biento\u0302t occuper le devant de la sce\u0300ne en tant que solution fiable et scientifiquement valide\u0301e pour l’e\u0301limination du CO2.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la Senegal<\/span>, suivez Africa-Press<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Senegal. Il ame\u0301liore la sante\u0301 des sols. Il stocke le CO2. Le biochar a des qualite\u0301s reconnues par la science. Mais celles-ci pourraient avoir e\u0301te\u0301 largement sous-estime\u0301es, nous apprennent aujourd\u2019hui des chercheurs. Bru\u0302lez de la matie\u0300re ve\u0301ge\u0301tale sans lui apporter d’oxyge\u0300ne – c’est le principe de la pyrolyse – et vous obtiendrez une […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":65223,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,10],"tags":[44],"class_list":["post-65224","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-senegal-2"],"yoast_head":"\nLe Biochar, Technologie R\u00e9volutionnaire Contre le CO2 - Senegal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Il ame\u0301liore la sante\u0301 des sols. 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