{"id":69361,"date":"2025-06-28T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-06-28T12:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/politique\/dents-grandes-ou-machoire-mobile-pour-un-poisson"},"modified":"2025-06-28T18:58:48","modified_gmt":"2025-06-28T18:58:48","slug":"dents-grandes-ou-machoire-mobile-pour-un-poisson","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/dents-grandes-ou-machoire-mobile-pour-un-poisson","title":{"rendered":"Dents Grandes ou M\u00e2choire Mobile pour un Poisson"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Senegal. <\/strong><\/span>A\u0300 bien des e\u0301gards, l\u2019e\u0301volution proce\u0300de comme une se\u0301rie de compromis entre les diffe\u0301rentes espe\u0300ces pour ne jamais trop avantager l\u2019innovation biologique de l\u2019une sur une autre. Une balance des pouvoirs qui s\u2019e\u0301tablit sur des millions d\u2019anne\u0301es entre toutes les espe\u0300ces vivantes et maintient un e\u0301quilibre e\u0301cologique.<\/p>\n

Parfait exemple: celui de\u0301voile\u0301 par Nick Peoples et ses deux collaborateurs du de\u0301partement d\u2019e\u0301volution et d\u2019e\u0301cologie de l\u2019Universite\u0301 de Californie (Etats-Unis) dans le nume\u0301ro du 24 juin 2025 de la revue PLOS Biology. Leur sujet d\u2019e\u0301tude, les poissons. Pre\u0301cise\u0301ment les Actinopterygii ou \u00ab poissons a\u0300 nageoires rayonne\u0301es \u00bb. Le plus large groupe de verte\u0301bre\u0301s aquatiques repre\u0301sente plus de 30.000 espe\u0300ces et 99% de tous les poissons, excluant quelques individus dont les lamproies, les requins et les c\u0153lacanthes.<\/p>\n

Ces poissons se partagent en deux cate\u0301gories. Ceux qui posse\u0300dent de grosses dents et ceux qui peuvent projeter leur ma\u0302choire vers l\u2019avant.<\/p>\n

Des dents assez longues pour servir de cage<\/b><\/p>\n

Aux premiers, associe\u0301e a\u0300 une vitesse de progression e\u0301clair, une large dentition permet de s\u2019attaquer a\u0300 un vaste choix de proies, de pouvoir les blesser mortellement en attendant de les tuer et me\u0302me de parvenir a\u0300 les de\u0301crocher de substrats rocheux sur lesquels les animaux s\u2019e\u0301taient enkyste\u0301s. Chez certains poissons des abysses tels les Ceratioi\u0308des, quand les longues dents de leurs ma\u0302choires supe\u0301rieure et infe\u0301rieure se rabattent, elles forment me\u0302me une cage qui emprisonne le futur festin.<\/p>\n

Quant aux seconds, leur me\u0301thode de chasse est bien diffe\u0301rente. De\u0301pourvus de la me\u0302me vitesse foudroyante et carnassie\u0300re, ils ont e\u0301te\u0301 contraints de de\u0301velopper quantite\u0301 de tactiques. La plus essentielle consistant a\u0300 projeter largement et rapidement leur ma\u0302choire vers l\u2019avant, et ainsi cre\u0301er une force de succion qui attire les petits poissons vers eux.<\/p>\n

Deux caracte\u0301ristiques morphologiques incompatibles<\/b><\/p>\n

Mais est-ce que les deux attributs peuvent cohabiter chez la me\u0302me espe\u0300ce? Pour le savoir, les chercheurs ont capture\u0301, en vide\u0301o haute-vitesse, le comportement de 161 espe\u0300ces e\u0301tale\u0301es sur 23 ordres et 66 familles. Ils ont analyse\u0301 les diffe\u0301rentes strate\u0301gies de chasse employe\u0301es et les ont corre\u0301le\u0301es avec la taille des dents et la morphologie des ma\u0302choires.<\/p>\n

Ils ont ainsi calcule\u0301 que la taille optimale des dents pour les espe\u0300ces a\u0300 ma\u0302choire extensible devait e\u0302tre quatre fois plus petite que pour celles qui en sont de\u0301pourvues. En somme, les deux caracte\u0301ristiques apparaissent incompatibles.<\/p>\n

Probablement, estiment les auteurs, parce que des ma\u0302choires extensibles limitent structurellement la taille des dents qu\u2019elles peuvent contenir.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la Senegal<\/span>, suivez Africa-Press<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Senegal. A\u0300 bien des e\u0301gards, l\u2019e\u0301volution proce\u0300de comme une se\u0301rie de compromis entre les diffe\u0301rentes espe\u0300ces pour ne jamais trop avantager l\u2019innovation biologique de l\u2019une sur une autre. Une balance des pouvoirs qui s\u2019e\u0301tablit sur des millions d\u2019anne\u0301es entre toutes les espe\u0300ces vivantes et maintient un e\u0301quilibre e\u0301cologique. Parfait exemple: celui de\u0301voile\u0301 par […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":69360,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,10],"tags":[44],"class_list":["post-69361","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-senegal-2"],"yoast_head":"\nDents Grandes ou M\u00e2choire Mobile pour un Poisson - Senegal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A\u0300 bien des e\u0301gards, l\u2019e\u0301volution proce\u0300de comme une se\u0301rie de compromis entre les diffe\u0301rentes espe\u0300ces pour ne jamais ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/dents-grandes-ou-machoire-mobile-pour-un-poisson\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dents Grandes ou M\u00e2choire Mobile pour un Poisson\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A\u0300 bien des e\u0301gards, l\u2019e\u0301volution proce\u0300de comme une se\u0301rie de compromis entre les diffe\u0301rentes espe\u0300ces pour ne jamais ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/dents-grandes-ou-machoire-mobile-pour-un-poisson\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Senegal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-06-28T12:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-06-28T18:58:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/senegal\/sites\/13\/2025\/06\/sm_1751124052.667197.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"900\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"cfeditorfr\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"cfeditorfr\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/dents-grandes-ou-machoire-mobile-pour-un-poisson#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/dents-grandes-ou-machoire-mobile-pour-un-poisson\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"cfeditorfr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/#\/schema\/person\/2b1cf3cd81a31e3cd26889ca66d677f1\"},\"headline\":\"Dents Grandes ou M\u00e2choire Mobile pour un Poisson\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-06-28T12:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-06-28T18:58:48+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/dents-grandes-ou-machoire-mobile-pour-un-poisson\"},\"wordCount\":496,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/dents-grandes-ou-machoire-mobile-pour-un-poisson#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/senegal\/sites\/13\/2025\/06\/sm_1751124052.667197.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Senegal\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Divers\",\"Toutes les actualit\u00e9s\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/dents-grandes-ou-machoire-mobile-pour-un-poisson#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/dents-grandes-ou-machoire-mobile-pour-un-poisson\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/dents-grandes-ou-machoire-mobile-pour-un-poisson\",\"name\":\"Dents Grandes ou M\u00e2choire Mobile pour un Poisson - 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