{"id":69846,"date":"2025-07-13T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-07-13T12:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/politique\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013"},"modified":"2025-07-13T23:46:38","modified_gmt":"2025-07-13T23:46:38","slug":"les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013","title":{"rendered":"Les Grandes De\u0301couvertes: Lumie\u0300Re de L\u2019Univers 2013"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #ff6600\"><strong>Africa-Press &#8211; Senegal. <\/strong><\/span>Ce fouillis de taches rouges, bleues et jaunes constitue l\u2019une des images les plus ce\u0301le\u0300bres mais aussi les plus e\u0301nigmatiques du cosmos. Son nom savant, le \u00ab fond diffus cosmologique \u00bb, n\u2019aide gue\u0300re a\u0300 la rendre plus lisible. Pourtant c\u2019est assez simple: il s\u2019agit ni plus ni moins que de la plus ancienne photo de l\u2019Univers, capture\u0301e par le satellite europe\u0301en Planck entre 2009 et 2013. Un record d\u2019anciennete\u0301 qui ne sera jamais battu car auparavant, la lumie\u0300re ne circulait pas dans l\u2019Univers.<\/p>\n<p>Le fond diffus montre en effet un instant bien pre\u0301cis de l\u2019histoire du cosmos. Celui ou\u0300, 380.000 ans apre\u0300s le Big Bang, il est devenu transparent. A\u0300 l\u2019e\u0301poque, le gaz primordial s\u2019est suffisamment refroidi pour que les e\u0301lectrons se lient aux protons, formant les premiers atomes.<\/p>\n<p><b>Les taches rouges pre\u0301figurent les amas de galaxies a\u0300 venir<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Les photons, particules de lumie\u0300re jusque-la\u0300 pie\u0301ge\u0301es par d\u2019incessantes collisions avec les e\u0301lectrons, se libe\u0300rent. Ils se propagent dans toutes les directions, donnant naissance a\u0300 une aube jaune pa\u0302le baignant tout l\u2019Univers. Sa tempe\u0301rature est alors de 2700 \u00b0C environ. Ce rayonnement s\u2019est refroidi avec le temps et l\u2019expansion de l\u2019Univers. Aujourd\u2019hui, 13,8 milliards d\u2019anne\u0301es plus tard, il ne \u00ab brille \u00bb que dans le domaine des micro-ondes, a\u0300 une tempe\u0301rature de -270 \u00b0C.<\/p>\n<p>Cette tempe\u0301rature est une moyenne. Certains points sont plus chauds, d\u2019autres plus froids. Cela explique la palette de couleurs de l\u2019image, qui va du rouge au bleu. Les e\u0301carts sont minuscules \u2013 de l\u2019ordre d\u2019un dix-millie\u0300me de degre\u0301 \u2013 mais lourds de conse\u0301quences car ils ont dessine\u0301 la trame de l\u2019Univers, les zones les plus chaudes traduisant les concentrations de matie\u0300re les plus importantes. Les taches rouges pre\u0301figurent ainsi les amas de galaxies a\u0300 venir.<\/p>\n<p><b>La quantite\u0301 de matie\u0300re et d\u2019e\u0301nergie a pu e\u0302tre e\u0301tablie<\/b><\/p>\n<p>En analysant la taille et la position des taches sur la carte et en les confrontant a\u0300 des mode\u0300les nume\u0301riques, les astrophysiciens ont pu en de\u0301duire la quantite\u0301 de matie\u0300re et d\u2019e\u0301nergie que contient l\u2019Univers. Ils ont ainsi e\u0301tabli qu\u2019il est compose\u0301 a\u0300 5 % de matie\u0300re ordinaire, 27 % de matie\u0300re noire et 68 % d\u2019e\u0301nergie sombre. Ce fond diffus indique aussi que l\u2019Univers est plat: si sa courbure e\u0301tait diffe\u0301rente, les motifs observe\u0301s seraient de\u0301forme\u0301s.<\/p>\n<p>Aujourd\u2019hui, les chercheurs traquent dans cette lumie\u0300re les traces d\u2019ondes gravitationnelles primordiales, vestiges de l\u2019inflation cosmique survenue juste apre\u0300s le Big Bang. Ce cliche\u0301 vieux de 13,8 milliards d\u2019anne\u0301es n\u2019a pas livre\u0301 tous ses secrets.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pour plus d&rsquo;informations et d&rsquo;analyses sur la <span style=\"color: #ff6600\">Senegal<\/span>, suivez <span style=\"color: #ff6600\">Africa-Press<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Africa-Press &#8211; Senegal. Ce fouillis de taches rouges, bleues et jaunes constitue l\u2019une des images les plus ce\u0301le\u0300bres mais aussi les plus e\u0301nigmatiques du cosmos. Son nom savant, le \u00ab fond diffus cosmologique \u00bb, n\u2019aide gue\u0300re a\u0300 la rendre plus lisible. Pourtant c\u2019est assez simple: il s\u2019agit ni plus ni moins que de la plus [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":69845,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,10],"tags":[44],"class_list":["post-69846","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-senegal-2"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.1 (Yoast SEO v27.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Les Grandes De\u0301couvertes: Lumie\u0300Re de L\u2019Univers 2013 - Senegal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ce fouillis de taches rouges, bleues et jaunes constitue l\u2019une des images les plus ce\u0301le\u0300bres mais aussi les plus e\u0301nigm ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les Grandes De\u0301couvertes: Lumie\u0300Re de L\u2019Univers 2013\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ce fouillis de taches rouges, bleues et jaunes constitue l\u2019une des images les plus ce\u0301le\u0300bres mais aussi les plus e\u0301nigm ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Senegal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-07-13T12:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-07-13T23:46:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/senegal\/sites\/13\/2025\/07\/sm_1752479172.810462.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"899\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"cfeditorfr\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"cfeditorfr\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"cfeditorfr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/#\/schema\/person\/2b1cf3cd81a31e3cd26889ca66d677f1\"},\"headline\":\"Les Grandes De\u0301couvertes: Lumie\u0300Re de L\u2019Univers 2013\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-07-13T12:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-07-13T23:46:38+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013\"},\"wordCount\":497,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/senegal\/sites\/13\/2025\/07\/sm_1752479172.810462.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Senegal\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Divers\",\"Toutes les actualit\u00e9s\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013\",\"name\":\"Les Grandes De\u0301couvertes: Lumie\u0300Re de L\u2019Univers 2013 - Senegal\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/senegal\/sites\/13\/2025\/07\/sm_1752479172.810462.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-07-13T12:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-07-13T23:46:38+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/#\/schema\/person\/2b1cf3cd81a31e3cd26889ca66d677f1\"},\"description\":\"Ce fouillis de taches rouges, bleues et jaunes constitue l\u2019une des images les plus ce\u0301le\u0300bres mais aussi les plus e\u0301nigm ...\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/senegal\/sites\/13\/2025\/07\/sm_1752479172.810462.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/senegal\/sites\/13\/2025\/07\/sm_1752479172.810462.jpg\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":899,\"caption\":\"Les Grandes De\u0301couvertes: Lumie\u0300Re de L\u2019Univers 2013\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Les Grandes De\u0301couvertes: Lumie\u0300Re de L\u2019Univers 2013\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/\",\"name\":\"Africa Press | Senegal | Homepage\",\"description\":\"Just another Africa News Agency Sites site\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/#\/schema\/person\/2b1cf3cd81a31e3cd26889ca66d677f1\",\"name\":\"cfeditorfr\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/author\/cfeditorfr\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Les Grandes De\u0301couvertes: Lumie\u0300Re de L\u2019Univers 2013 - Senegal","description":"Ce fouillis de taches rouges, bleues et jaunes constitue l\u2019une des images les plus ce\u0301le\u0300bres mais aussi les plus e\u0301nigm ...","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Les Grandes De\u0301couvertes: Lumie\u0300Re de L\u2019Univers 2013","og_description":"Ce fouillis de taches rouges, bleues et jaunes constitue l\u2019une des images les plus ce\u0301le\u0300bres mais aussi les plus e\u0301nigm ...","og_url":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013","og_site_name":"Senegal","article_published_time":"2025-07-13T12:00:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-07-13T23:46:38+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":899,"url":"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/senegal\/sites\/13\/2025\/07\/sm_1752479172.810462.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"cfeditorfr","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"cfeditorfr","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013"},"author":{"name":"cfeditorfr","@id":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/#\/schema\/person\/2b1cf3cd81a31e3cd26889ca66d677f1"},"headline":"Les Grandes De\u0301couvertes: Lumie\u0300Re de L\u2019Univers 2013","datePublished":"2025-07-13T12:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-07-13T23:46:38+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013"},"wordCount":497,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/senegal\/sites\/13\/2025\/07\/sm_1752479172.810462.jpg","keywords":["Senegal"],"articleSection":["Divers","Toutes les actualit\u00e9s"],"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013","url":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013","name":"Les Grandes De\u0301couvertes: Lumie\u0300Re de L\u2019Univers 2013 - Senegal","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/senegal\/sites\/13\/2025\/07\/sm_1752479172.810462.jpg","datePublished":"2025-07-13T12:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-07-13T23:46:38+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/#\/schema\/person\/2b1cf3cd81a31e3cd26889ca66d677f1"},"description":"Ce fouillis de taches rouges, bleues et jaunes constitue l\u2019une des images les plus ce\u0301le\u0300bres mais aussi les plus e\u0301nigm ...","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/senegal\/sites\/13\/2025\/07\/sm_1752479172.810462.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/senegal\/sites\/13\/2025\/07\/sm_1752479172.810462.jpg","width":1200,"height":899,"caption":"Les Grandes De\u0301couvertes: Lumie\u0300Re de L\u2019Univers 2013"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/les-grandes-decouvertes-lumiere-de-lunivers-2013#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Accueil","item":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Les Grandes De\u0301couvertes: Lumie\u0300Re de L\u2019Univers 2013"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/","name":"Africa Press | Senegal | Homepage","description":"Just another Africa News Agency Sites site","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/#\/schema\/person\/2b1cf3cd81a31e3cd26889ca66d677f1","name":"cfeditorfr","url":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/author\/cfeditorfr"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69846","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/82"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=69846"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69846\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/69845"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=69846"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=69846"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=69846"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}