{"id":73148,"date":"2025-12-03T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-12-03T12:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/politique\/evolution-du-bec-du-colibri-pour-transpercer-adversaires"},"modified":"2025-12-03T12:31:23","modified_gmt":"2025-12-03T12:31:23","slug":"evolution-du-bec-du-colibri-pour-transpercer-adversaires","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/evolution-du-bec-du-colibri-pour-transpercer-adversaires","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9volution du Bec du Colibri pour Transpercer Adversaires"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Senegal. <\/strong><\/span>L\u2019Ermite vert (Phaethornis guy) pre\u0301sente un bec longiligne particulie\u0300rement impressionnant. Et pour cause: une nouvelle e\u0301tude re\u0301ve\u0300le que celui des ma\u0302les s\u2019est transforme\u0301, au cours de l\u2019Evolution, en ve\u0301ritable poignard destine\u0301 a\u0300 blesser ses rivaux. Les chercheurs a\u0300 l\u2019origine de cette de\u0301couverte ont re\u0301alise\u0301 des mode\u0301lisations en 3D et des analyses nume\u0301riques pour mieux comprendre comment le bec re\u0301agit suivant la force applique\u0301e par l\u2019oiseau.<\/p>\n

Chez cette espe\u0300ce, qu\u2019on peut associer aux colibris, les individus forment des leks ou aires de parade ou\u0300 les ma\u0302les sont regroupe\u0301s dans une sorte d\u2019are\u0300ne avec pour objectif de se\u0301duire les femelles. Un moment qui peut se re\u0301ve\u0301ler particulie\u0300rement tendu. \u00ab Ils se rassemblent dans un endroit de la fore\u0302t qui ressemble a\u0300 s\u2019y me\u0301prendre a\u0300 un bar pour ce\u0301libataires, explique avec malice Alejandro Rico-Guevara, professeur associe\u0301 de biologie a\u0300 l\u2019Universite\u0301 de Washington (Etats-Unis), dans un communique\u0301. Chacun a son perchoir, et si quelqu\u2019un d\u2019autre lui prend sa place \u2013 son emplacement dans le bar pour ce\u0301libataires \u2013 ils deviennent fous furieux et se battent. \u00bb<\/p>\n

Durant ce moment qui se de\u0301roule lors de la saison de reproduction, les comportements agressifs chez les ma\u0302les sont donc courants. Les chercheurs ont donc pense\u0301 que leur bec e\u0301tait diffe\u0301rent de celui des femelles, qui s\u2019en servent essentiellement pour se nourrir du nectar des fleurs. Celui des ma\u0302les doit e\u0302tre capable de perforer la gorge des adversaires !<\/p>\n

Un bec particulie\u0300rement adapte\u0301 \u00ab pour la perforation horizontale \u00bb<\/b><\/p>\n

Pour prouver leur hypothe\u0300se, les chercheurs, issus d\u2019un centre de recherche colombien sur les colibris et de l\u2019Universite\u0301 de Washington, ont cre\u0301e\u0301 un mode\u0300le 3D du bec de 16 Ermites verts (8 ma\u0302les et 8 femelles) conserve\u0301s dans la collection d\u2019ornithologie du Muse\u0301e Burke d\u2019histoire naturelle et de culture.<\/p>\n

Et les mesures re\u0301alise\u0301es \u00ab indiquent que les ma\u0302les Ermites verts posse\u0300dent des becs en forme de poignard, des caracte\u0301ristiques pouvant e\u0302tre conside\u0301re\u0301es comme des armes se\u0301lectionne\u0301es intrasexuellement \u00bb, confirme l\u2019e\u0301tude publie\u0301e le 10 novembre 2025 dans la revue Journal of Experimental Biology. \u00ab Plus pointu (de 69%, ndlr), plus droit (de 3%, ndlr), plus rigide, plus fort \u00bb: voila\u0300 comment est de\u0301fini le bec des ma\u0302les par rapport a\u0300 celui des femelles.<\/p>\n

Ces caracte\u0301ristiques confe\u0300rent a\u0300 leur bec des \u00ab avantages biome\u0301caniques pour la perforation horizontale \u00bb. Il se de\u0301forme moins et a aussi moins de risques de casser. En outre, le bec plus droit des ma\u0302les peut \u00ab s\u2019adapter a\u0300 une plus grande varie\u0301te\u0301 d\u2019angles de frappe potentiels, ne\u0301cessitant moins de pre\u0301cision lors des combats \u00bb, relate l\u2019e\u0301tude. Ce petit oiseau, dont le poids ne de\u0301passe ge\u0301ne\u0301ralement pas les 7 grammes, est vraiment redoutable.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la Senegal<\/span>, suivez Africa-Press<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Senegal. L\u2019Ermite vert (Phaethornis guy) pre\u0301sente un bec longiligne particulie\u0300rement impressionnant. Et pour cause: une nouvelle e\u0301tude re\u0301ve\u0300le que celui des ma\u0302les s\u2019est transforme\u0301, au cours de l\u2019Evolution, en ve\u0301ritable poignard destine\u0301 a\u0300 blesser ses rivaux. Les chercheurs a\u0300 l\u2019origine de cette de\u0301couverte ont re\u0301alise\u0301 des mode\u0301lisations en 3D et des analyses nume\u0301riques […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":73147,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,10],"tags":[44],"class_list":["post-73148","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-senegal-2"],"yoast_head":"\n\u00c9volution du Bec du Colibri pour Transpercer Adversaires - Senegal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L\u2019Ermite vert (Phaethornis guy) pre\u0301sente un bec longiligne particulie\u0300rement impressionnant. 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