{"id":73515,"date":"2025-12-16T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-12-16T12:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/politique\/pince-robotique-innovante-inspiree-des-langoustines"},"modified":"2025-12-18T02:41:12","modified_gmt":"2025-12-18T02:41:12","slug":"pince-robotique-innovante-inspiree-des-langoustines","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/pince-robotique-innovante-inspiree-des-langoustines","title":{"rendered":"Pince Robotique Innovante Inspir\u00e9e des Langoustines"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Senegal. <\/strong><\/span>Si tout un champ de la robotique s\u2019inspire de principes observe\u0301s chez les plantes ou les animaux, ce que l\u2019on appelle le biomime\u0301tisme, un projet de l\u2019Ecole polytechnique fe\u0301de\u0301rale de Lausanne (EPFL) pre\u0301sente\u0301 dans la revue Advanced Science, va un cran plus loin. Il inte\u0300gre en effet des composants pre\u0301leve\u0301s sur de vraies langoustines pour en faire une pince ou un engin de levage !<\/p>\n

Le syste\u0300me, expe\u0301rimental, a e\u0301te\u0301 conc\u0327u par le Laboratoire de conception et de fabrication de robots informatiques (CREATE) de l\u2019EPFL et les composants en question sont pre\u0301cise\u0301ment les exosquelettes des crustace\u0301s, ce que l\u2019on nomme commune\u0301ment la carapace.<\/p>\n

Six segments rigides articule\u0301s<\/b><\/p>\n

L\u2019e\u0301quipe s\u2019est servi de langoustines congele\u0301es du commerce. Elle les a plonge\u0301es dans l\u2019eau bouillante avant de retirer la chair et de nettoyer les carapaces. Plus exactement, les chercheurs ont pre\u0301leve\u0301 la partie correspondant a\u0300 l\u2019abdomen, entre le ce\u0301phalothorax et la queue. Elle est compose\u0301e de six segments rigides constitue\u0301s principalement de chitine mine\u0301ralise\u0301e, relie\u0301s entre eux par une membrane souple qui permet l\u2019articulation de toute la structure.<\/p>\n

Sur l\u2019animal vivant, ce sont e\u0301videmment les muscles de l\u2019abdomen qui contro\u0302lent les flexions et extensions de cette carapace. Mais une fois vide et inerte, celle-ci doit e\u0302tre anime\u0301e par un autre me\u0301canisme. Les chercheurs ont donc place\u0301 tout le long de la ligne dorsale de la structure un tendon d\u2019e\u0301lastome\u0300re. Le tout a ensuite e\u0301te\u0301 recouvert d\u2019une pellicule de silicone protectrice.<\/p>\n

Le projet a en fait donne\u0301 lieu a\u0300 trois applications, monte\u0301es sur un syste\u0300me motorise\u0301 dont le ro\u0302le consiste a\u0300 tendre et de\u0301tendre l\u2019e\u0301lastome\u0300re. Une pince donc, constitue\u0301e de deux exosquelettes face a\u0300 face, et capable de soulever un objet de 500 grammes ; un actionneur qui peut attraper des objets et observer des battements a\u0300 une vitesse de 8 hertz ; un robot nageur, qui avance a\u0300 la vitesse de 11 cm par seconde gra\u0302ce aux battements synchronise\u0301s de, la\u0300-aussi, deux exosquelettes.<\/p>\n

Proble\u0300me de variabilite\u0301 naturelle<\/b><\/p>\n

Il reste que ce genre de syste\u0300me est tributaire de la variabilite\u0301 naturelle des organismes utilise\u0301s: deux exosquelettes de langoustine n\u2019ont pas la me\u0302me morphologie et donc ne se plient pas exactement de la me\u0302me manie\u0300re, avec la me\u0302me amplitude. Si bien que les mouvements des deux doigts de la pince ou des deux nageoires du robot-nageur ne sont pas syme\u0301triques.<\/p>\n

Mais le fait de couvrir de silicone la structure permet de prolonger son usage au-dela\u0300 de quelques heures ou quelques jours, comme c\u2019est le cas avec la plupart d\u2019autres projets de robotique bio-hybride. Le projet fait aussi la preuve d\u2019une certaine versatilite\u0301, avec trois applications obtenues a\u0300 partir d\u2019un me\u0302me composant. Autant d\u2019atouts qui manquent a\u0300 l\u2019araigne\u0301e-grappin de l\u2019universite\u0301 Rice (Etats-Unis) ou au squelette de le\u0301zard utilise\u0301 par l\u2019universite\u0301 d\u2019Edimbourg (Grande-Bretagne).<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la Senegal<\/span>, suivez Africa-Press<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Senegal. Si tout un champ de la robotique s\u2019inspire de principes observe\u0301s chez les plantes ou les animaux, ce que l\u2019on appelle le biomime\u0301tisme, un projet de l\u2019Ecole polytechnique fe\u0301de\u0301rale de Lausanne (EPFL) pre\u0301sente\u0301 dans la revue Advanced Science, va un cran plus loin. Il inte\u0300gre en effet des composants pre\u0301leve\u0301s sur de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":73514,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,10],"tags":[44],"class_list":["post-73515","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-senegal-2"],"yoast_head":"\nPince Robotique Innovante Inspir\u00e9e des Langoustines - Senegal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Si tout un champ de la robotique s\u2019inspire de principes observe\u0301s chez les plantes ou les animaux, ce que l\u2019on appelle l ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/pince-robotique-innovante-inspiree-des-langoustines\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pince Robotique Innovante Inspir\u00e9e des Langoustines\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Si tout un champ de la robotique s\u2019inspire de principes observe\u0301s chez les plantes ou les animaux, ce que l\u2019on appelle l ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/pince-robotique-innovante-inspiree-des-langoustines\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Senegal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-12-16T12:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-12-18T02:41:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/senegal\/sites\/13\/2025\/12\/sm_1766054123.071953.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"899\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"cfeditorfr\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"cfeditorfr\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/pince-robotique-innovante-inspiree-des-langoustines#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/pince-robotique-innovante-inspiree-des-langoustines\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"cfeditorfr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/#\/schema\/person\/2b1cf3cd81a31e3cd26889ca66d677f1\"},\"headline\":\"Pince Robotique Innovante Inspir\u00e9e des Langoustines\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-12-16T12:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-12-18T02:41:12+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/pince-robotique-innovante-inspiree-des-langoustines\"},\"wordCount\":553,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/pince-robotique-innovante-inspiree-des-langoustines#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/senegal\/sites\/13\/2025\/12\/sm_1766054123.071953.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Senegal\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Divers\",\"Toutes les actualit\u00e9s\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/pince-robotique-innovante-inspiree-des-langoustines#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/pince-robotique-innovante-inspiree-des-langoustines\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/pince-robotique-innovante-inspiree-des-langoustines\",\"name\":\"Pince Robotique Innovante Inspir\u00e9e des Langoustines - 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