Africa-Press – Senegal. <\/strong><\/span>La faible confiance envers les institutions publiques repre\u0301sente un frein e\u0301conomique mesurable, me\u0302me si ses effets apparaissent souvent de manie\u0300re diffuse. Lorsque les administrations, la justice ou les statistiques officielles sont perc\u0327ues comme peu fiables, les agents e\u0301conomiques ajustent leur comportement en inte\u0301grant un risque institutionnel supple\u0301mentaire. Cela se traduit par des de\u0301lais plus longs avant d\u2019investir, des exigences de rendement plus e\u0301leve\u0301es et une pre\u0301fe\u0301rence pour les activite\u0301s a\u0300 rotation rapide pluto\u0302t que pour les projets productifs de long terme. Selon la Banque mondiale, les pays situe\u0301s dans le quart infe\u0301rieur de l\u2019indicateur de gouvernance relatif a\u0300 l\u2019E\u0301tat de droit enregistrent en moyenne des flux d\u2019investissements directs e\u0301trangers environ 30 % infe\u0301rieurs a\u0300 ceux des pays mieux note\u0301s sur la pe\u0301riode 2015\u20102023.<\/p>\nCe manque de confiance augmente aussi les cou\u0302ts de transaction dans l\u2019e\u0301conomie domestique. Les entreprises consacrent davantage de ressources a\u0300 la se\u0301curisation juridique, a\u0300 la multiplication des interme\u0301diaires ou a\u0300 des me\u0301canismes informels de garantie.<\/p>\n
D\u2019apre\u0300s l\u2019OCDE, dans plusieurs e\u0301conomies africaines, les cou\u0302ts lie\u0301s aux proce\u0301dures administratives et a\u0300 l\u2019incertitude re\u0301glementaire peuvent repre\u0301senter entre 5 % et 10 % du chiffre d\u2019affaires des PME, selon les contextes, contre moins de 3 % dans les e\u0301conomies avance\u0301es. Cette surcharge pe\u0301nalise particulie\u0300rement les petites entreprises, moins capables d\u2019absorber ces cou\u0302ts fixes, et contribue a\u0300 maintenir une part e\u0301leve\u0301e d\u2019activite\u0301 informelle, estime\u0301e a\u0300 environ 40 % du PIB en Afrique subsaharienne selon le FMI en 2024.<\/p>\n
La de\u0301fiance institutionnelle complique enfin l\u2019efficacite\u0301 des politiques publiques. Lorsque les chiffres officiels sont conteste\u0301s ou peu cre\u0301dibles, les ajustements budge\u0301taires, fiscaux ou sociaux rencontrent une re\u0301sistance plus forte, me\u0302me lorsqu\u2019ils sont e\u0301conomiquement justifie\u0301s. Le de\u0301ficit de confiance re\u0301duit l\u2019acceptabilite\u0301 de l\u2019impo\u0302t et limite la mobilisation des ressources internes, qui plafonnent autour de 16 % du PIB en moyenne re\u0301gionale, contre plus de 25 % dans les pays e\u0301mergents d\u2019Asie.<\/p>\n
Restaurer la cre\u0301dibilite\u0301 passe par la transparence des donne\u0301es, la pre\u0301visibilite\u0301 des re\u0300gles et l\u2019inde\u0301pendance effective des institutions de contro\u0302le. Ces re\u0301formes, souvent peu visibles politiquement, ge\u0301ne\u0300rent pourtant des gains macroe\u0301conomiques durables en re\u0301duisant le cou\u0302t du risque et en libe\u0301rant l\u2019investissement productif.<\/p>\n
Source: seneweb<\/b><\/p>\n
Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la Senegal<\/span>, suivez Africa-Press<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"A\u00cfcha Fall Africa-Press – Senegal. La faible confiance envers les institutions publiques repre\u0301sente un frein e\u0301conomique mesurable, me\u0302me si ses effets apparaissent souvent de manie\u0300re diffuse. Lorsque les administrations, la justice ou les statistiques officielles sont perc\u0327ues comme peu fiables, les agents e\u0301conomiques ajustent leur comportement en inte\u0301grant un risque institutionnel supple\u0301mentaire. Cela se traduit […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":73737,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,10],"tags":[44],"class_list":["post-73738","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dossiers","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-senegal-2"],"yoast_head":"\n
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