{"id":73904,"date":"2025-12-28T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-12-28T12:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/politique\/retrouver-les-conditions-du-big-bang"},"modified":"2025-12-29T02:59:12","modified_gmt":"2025-12-29T02:59:12","slug":"retrouver-les-conditions-du-big-bang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/retrouver-les-conditions-du-big-bang","title":{"rendered":"Retrouver les Conditions du Big Bang"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #ff6600\"><strong>Africa-Press &#8211; Senegal. <\/strong><\/span>Voir \u00bb le Big Bang sera toujours une que\u0302te impossible. Aucune lumie\u0300re n\u2019a circule\u0301 librement dans l\u2019Univers avant 380.000 ans. Pour remonter plus loin encore, les physiciens tentent de recre\u0301er les conditions e\u0301nerge\u0301tiques proches de celles qui re\u0301gnaient au tout de\u0301but de l\u2019Univers.<\/p>\n<p>C\u2019est le ro\u0302le des collisionneurs de particules, ces immenses anneaux ou\u0300 l\u2019on pre\u0301cipite des particules les unes contre les autres a\u0300 des vitesses proches de celle de la lumie\u0300re. \u00ab Nous cherchons a\u0300 y e\u0301tudier les lois fondamentales de la physique a\u0300 des distances de plus en plus petites ou, si l\u2019on veut, a\u0300 des e\u0301nergies de plus en plus grandes. C\u2019est e\u0301quivalent \u00ab , explique le physicien des particules Christophe Grojean.<\/p>\n<p><b>Une fraction de nanoseconde apre\u0300s le Big Bang<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Remonter aux de\u0301buts de l\u2019Univers revient en effet a\u0300 pe\u0301ne\u0301trer dans un entonnoir de plus en plus fin, ou\u0300 l\u2019e\u0301nergie se concentre jusqu\u2019au moment ou\u0300 les lois de la physique cessent de fonctionner, comme \u00ab la the\u0301orie quantique des champs qui est la \u2018grammaire\u2019 permettant de de\u0301crire les interactions entre particules e\u0301le\u0301mentaires \u00ab , illustre le physicien. Et cette the\u0301orie ne suffit plus lorsqu\u2019on remonte tre\u0300s loin dans le temps. Aux toutes petites distances, qui caracte\u0301risent l\u2019Univers naissant, les effets de la gravitation deviennent dominants et les e\u0301quations de la physique quantique ne sont plus valables.<\/p>\n<p>Aujourd\u2019hui, gra\u0302ce aux collisions du grand collisionneur de hadrons (en anglais, Large Hadron Collider ou LHC), installe\u0301 au Cern, a\u0300 la frontie\u0300re franco-suisse, les physiciens peuvent remonter jusqu\u2019a\u0300 une fraction de nanoseconde apre\u0300s le Big Bang, soit des distances de l\u2019ordre de 10-18 centime\u0300tre.<\/p>\n<p>Descendre encore plus bas, c\u2019est tout l\u2019enjeu du futur collisionneur circulaire (Future Circular Collider ou FCC), de pre\u0300s de 100 kilome\u0300tres de circonfe\u0301rence, dont le sort doit e\u0302tre tranche\u0301 au printemps par le Conseil du Cern. Il permettrait de sonder des distances cent fois plus petites. Nous serions ramene\u0301s autour de 10-34 seconde apre\u0300s le Big Bang, une e\u0301poque ou\u0300 les grandes interactions fondamentales de la nature n\u2019en formaient peut-e\u0302tre qu\u2019une. \u00ab Le FCC est le seul moyen d\u2019explorer ce temps-la\u0300 \u00ab , conclut, impatient, Christophe Grojean.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pour plus d&rsquo;informations et d&rsquo;analyses sur la <span style=\"color: #ff6600\">Senegal<\/span>, suivez <span style=\"color: #ff6600\">Africa-Press<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Africa-Press &#8211; Senegal. Voir \u00bb le Big Bang sera toujours une que\u0302te impossible. Aucune lumie\u0300re n\u2019a circule\u0301 librement dans l\u2019Univers avant 380.000 ans. Pour remonter plus loin encore, les physiciens tentent de recre\u0301er les conditions e\u0301nerge\u0301tiques proches de celles qui re\u0301gnaient au tout de\u0301but de l\u2019Univers. C\u2019est le ro\u0302le des collisionneurs de particules, ces immenses [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":73903,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,10],"tags":[44],"class_list":["post-73904","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-senegal-2"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.1 (Yoast SEO v27.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Retrouver les Conditions du Big Bang - Senegal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Voir \u00bb le Big Bang sera toujours une que\u0302te impossible. 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