{"id":74274,"date":"2026-01-22T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-01-22T12:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/politique\/education-contre-les-fake-news-en-sante-de-lecole-a-lehpad"},"modified":"2026-01-22T19:08:08","modified_gmt":"2026-01-22T19:08:08","slug":"education-contre-les-fake-news-en-sante-de-lecole-a-lehpad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/education-contre-les-fake-news-en-sante-de-lecole-a-lehpad","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9ducation Contre les Fake News en Sant\u00e9 de L\u2019\u00c9cole \u00c0 L\u2019Ehpad"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Senegal. <\/strong><\/span>Vaccination, cancer, alimentation, sante\u0301 mentale, sante\u0301 des femmes… La de\u0301sinformation touche tous les domaines et est alimente\u0301e par des acteurs varie\u0301s (influenceurs, groupes militants, scientifiques de\u0301voye\u0301s, autorite\u0301s publiques, personnalite\u0301s politiques, me\u0301dias, industriels, lobbies…) obe\u0301issant a\u0300 des motivations \u00ab e\u0301conomiques, ide\u0301ologiques ou identitaires \u00bb, alerte un rapport d\u2019experts remis au gouvernement le 12 janvier 2026. Depuis le printemps 2025, la lutte contre la de\u0301sinformation est devenue une priorite\u0301 de l\u2019Etat, selon la ministre de la Sante\u0301 Ste\u0301phanie Rist. Ce rapport re\u0301cent alerte sur une de\u0301sinformation \u00ab massive \u00bb, \u00ab jusqu\u2019a\u0300 menacer l\u2019existence me\u0302me des syste\u0300mes de sante\u0301 tels que nous les connaissons \u00bb. Entretien avec l\u2019une des scientifiques ayant re\u0301alise\u0301 ces travaux, Dominique Costagliola, e\u0301pide\u0301miologiste et biostatisticienne.<\/p>\n

Sciences et Avenir: Pre\u0300s d\u2019un Franc\u0327ais sur deux (47%) de\u0301clare avoir de\u0301ja\u0300 e\u0301te\u0301 expose\u0301 a\u0300 une fake news en sante\u0301. Comment s\u2019attaquer a\u0300 un phe\u0301nome\u0300ne aussi \u00ab tentaculaire \u00bb?<\/b><\/p>\n

Dominique Costagliola: Il faut donner a\u0300 la population les outils pour faire les bons choix pour leur sante\u0301, afin de re\u0301ussir a\u0300 de\u0301coder les informations disparates dont ils sont bombarde\u0301s. En paralle\u0300le, chaque organisation doit faire sa propre introspection, qu\u2019elle soit un organisme de recherche, une universite\u0301, une acade\u0301mie, une socie\u0301te\u0301 savante… Cela demande du temps oui, mais pas beaucoup de moyens, c\u2019est faisable. De fac\u0327on ge\u0301ne\u0301rale, l\u2019enseignement et la formation a\u0300 la science, l\u2019esprit critique, et la litte\u0301ratie nume\u0301rique vont prendre du temps. Mais dans l\u2019ide\u0301al, cela doit durer toute la vie, de l\u2019e\u0301cole a\u0300 l\u2019Ehpad et de l\u2019e\u0301cole a\u0300 l\u2019ENA (E\u0301cole nationale d\u2019administration, devenue INSP en 2022, ndlr).<\/p>\n

\u00ab Les autorite\u0301s pourraient cre\u0301er un observatoire de l\u2019information en sante\u0301 \u00bb<\/b>
\nUn label pourrait-il e\u0302tre une solution?<\/b><\/p>\n

Pas vraiment. Cela pourrait pluto\u0302t e\u0302tre interpre\u0301te\u0301 comme de la censure. Les sources dont nous parlons doivent toutes re\u0301fle\u0301chir a\u0300 ce qu\u2019elles font. Si je suis un site en ligne, est-ce que je peux garantir au lecteur que je ge\u0300re correctement les conflits d\u2019inte\u0301re\u0302t, que j\u2019ai choisi des sources su\u0302res. Par le passe\u0301, il y a de\u0301ja\u0300 eu un recours aux labels autour de la sante\u0301 et finalement, cela a e\u0301te\u0301 abandonne\u0301. C\u2019e\u0301tait trop maniche\u0301en. Le syste\u0300me n\u2019avait pas vocation a\u0300 durer dans le temps.<\/p>\n

En revanche, les autorite\u0301s pourraient cre\u0301er un observatoire de l\u2019information en sante\u0301. Pas simplement un observatoire de la de\u0301sinformation mais un observatoire qui combine la bonne information en sante\u0301 accessible a\u0300 tous, une liste d\u2019experts avec leur domaine de compe\u0301tence et un syste\u0300me d\u2019infovigilance comprenant le repe\u0301rage de la de\u0301sinformation, et les re\u0301actions a\u0300 avoir en termes d\u2019informations et d\u2019e\u0301ventuelles sanctions. Se centrer uniquement sur l\u2019observation de la de\u0301sinformation n\u2019est pas le bon objectif. Car il y a tellement de contenus proble\u0301matiques… Cela reviendrait a\u0300 vouloir vider un oce\u0301an avec une petite cuille\u0300re.<\/p>\n

Quelles sanctions existe-t-il pour le moment?<\/b><\/p>\n

Nous avons eu beaucoup de retours allant dans le sens d\u2019une nouvelle loi visant les gens qui mettent en danger la sante\u0301 publique. Mais il serait de\u0301ja\u0300 important de se servir de ce qui existe de\u0301ja\u0300, comme les proce\u0301dures disciplinaires. Quand un employe\u0301 d\u2019une universite\u0301 ou d\u2019un centre hospitalier sort des clous, il existe des proce\u0301dures disciplinaires adapte\u0301es. Or, elles n\u2019ont pas e\u0301te\u0301 applique\u0301es.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Cela cou\u0302te cher sur le plan personnel et cela cou\u0302te cher a\u0300 la communaute\u0301 \u00bb<\/b>
\nQuelles conse\u0301quences la de\u0301sinformation dont vous parlez a-t-elle sur nos vies?<\/b><\/p>\n

On parle de gens qui ne se font pas vacciner et qui tombent gravement malade. Ou des personnes qui renoncent a\u0300 des soins en cance\u0301rologie, qui se tournent vers de la \u00ab poudre de perlimpinpin \u00bb et qui arrivent a\u0300 l\u2019ho\u0302pital dans un e\u0301tat tre\u0300s grave. Cela leur cou\u0302te cher sur le plan personnel et cela cou\u0302te cher a\u0300 la communaute\u0301.<\/p>\n

Il serait inte\u0301ressant de voir comment cela se passe chez nos voisins, notamment sur la re\u0301glementation des plateformes. YouTube, par exemple, n\u2019est pas spe\u0301cialement dans les sources les plus vise\u0301es quand on parle de de\u0301sinformation. Pourtant, on voit bien que cette plateforme se comporte comme un me\u0301dia traditionnel, qui retransmet les Oscars, ce genre de choses. Alors faut-il vraiment le conside\u0301rer comme une plateforme? Idem pour X, qui revendique ne pas e\u0302tre un me\u0301dia, puisqu\u2019il n\u2019y a pas de ligne e\u0301ditoriale. Mais leur algorithme qui met en avant certains contenus et pas d\u2019autres ne s\u2019apparente-t-il pas a\u0300 une ligne e\u0301ditoriale?<\/p>\n

S\u2019il y avait un conseil a\u0300 donner a\u0300 nos lecteurs, lequel serait-il?<\/b><\/p>\n

Ce serait de voir si les affirmations qu\u2019ils rencontrent ont des sources su\u0302res, si elles sont scientifiques et si elles e\u0301manent de revues de bon niveau. Comme c\u0327a, de but en blanc, c\u2019est difficile a\u0300 de\u0301tecter. Mais il existe une liste de revues de confiance e\u0301tablie par les doyens de me\u0301decine. C\u2019est un bon outil, utilise\u0301 notamment pour recruter les Professeurs d\u2019universite\u0301 praticiens hospitaliers (PUPH).<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la Senegal<\/span>, suivez Africa-Press<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Senegal. Vaccination, cancer, alimentation, sante\u0301 mentale, sante\u0301 des femmes… La de\u0301sinformation touche tous les domaines et est alimente\u0301e par des acteurs varie\u0301s (influenceurs, groupes militants, scientifiques de\u0301voye\u0301s, autorite\u0301s publiques, personnalite\u0301s politiques, me\u0301dias, industriels, lobbies…) obe\u0301issant a\u0300 des motivations \u00ab e\u0301conomiques, ide\u0301ologiques ou identitaires \u00bb, alerte un rapport d\u2019experts remis au gouvernement le 12 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":74273,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,10],"tags":[44],"class_list":["post-74274","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-senegal-2"],"yoast_head":"\n\u00c9ducation Contre les Fake News en Sant\u00e9 de L\u2019\u00c9cole \u00c0 L\u2019Ehpad - Senegal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Vaccination, cancer, alimentation, sante\u0301 mentale, sante\u0301 des femmes... 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