{"id":75780,"date":"2026-03-10T15:36:00","date_gmt":"2026-03-10T15:36:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/politique\/artemisia-et-recommandations-de-loms"},"modified":"2026-04-19T21:12:13","modified_gmt":"2026-04-19T21:12:13","slug":"artemisia-et-recommandations-de-loms","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/senegal\/toutes-les-actualites\/artemisia-et-recommandations-de-loms","title":{"rendered":"Artemisia Et Recommandations De L\u2019OMS"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Senegal. <\/strong> <\/span>Qu\u2019est-ce que l\u2019Artemisia et pourquoi son utilisation n\u2019est-elle pas recommande\u0301e par l\u2019Organisation mondiale de la sante\u0301 (OMS)? \u00bb nous demande Ange Ange sur la page Facebook de Sciences et Avenir. Chaque semaine, nous se\u0301lectionnons une question de lecteur a\u0300 laquelle nous apportons une re\u0301ponse. Un grand merci pour votre curiosite\u0301.<\/p>\n

La plante seule n\u2019a aucune garantie d\u2019efficacite\u0301<\/p>\n

Utilise\u0301e depuis des sie\u0300cles en me\u0301decine chinoise, Artemisia annua a e\u0301te\u0301 \u00ab rede\u0301couverte \u00bb pendant la guerre du Vietnam. Et ce n\u2019est pas une inconnue de la science moderne. En 2015, Youyou Tu est devenue le premier prix Nobel de me\u0301decine chinois pour avoir de\u0301montre\u0301 l\u2019efficacite\u0301 d\u2019une substance extraite de la plante, l\u2019arte\u0301misinine, dans les traitements antipalude\u0301ens.<\/p>\n

En fe\u0301vrier 2019, l\u2019Acade\u0301mie nationale de me\u0301decine avertissait que l\u2019arte\u0301misinine est recommande\u0301e pour traiter le paludisme en association avec d\u2019autres me\u0301dicaments a\u0300 l\u2019action plus prolonge\u0301e selon des \u00ab combinaisons the\u0301rapeutiques a\u0300 base d\u2019arte\u0301misinine \u00bb, ou CTA. L\u2019utilisation de cette plante seule, en poudre ou en tisane, n\u2019a aucune garantie d\u2019efficacite\u0301 et risque d\u2019aggraver l\u2019e\u0301mergence de formes re\u0301sistantes de la maladie, expliquait-elle, tout en de\u0301nonc\u0327ant les alle\u0301gations \u00ab scientifiquement incertaines et irresponsables \u00bb de ceux qui promeuvent cette phytothe\u0301rapie. L\u2019Acade\u0301mie demandait alors \u00ab que cesse une campagne de promotion organise\u0301e par des personnalite\u0301s peut-e\u0302tre bien intentionne\u0301es mais incompe\u0301tentes en paludologie \u00bb.<\/p>\n

La laure\u0301ate chinoise du prix Nobel, Youyou Tu, le 17 juin 2019. Cre\u0301dits: XINHUA \/ Xinhua via AFP<\/p>\n

A LIRE. Paludisme: l\u2019Acade\u0301mie de me\u0301decine alerte sur l\u2019essor d\u2019une phytothe\u0301rapie<\/p>\n

Attention au the\u0301 et a\u0300 la poudre d\u2019Artemisia annua<\/p>\n

Quant a\u0300 l\u2019OMS donc, elle \u00ab ne recommande pas l\u2019utilisation de mate\u0301riel ve\u0301ge\u0301tal d\u2019A. Annua, sous quelque forme que ce soit, y compris le the\u0301, pour le traitement ou la pre\u0301vention du paludisme \u00bb, stipule-t-elle sur son site internet. En effet, comme pour la plupart des herbes me\u0301dicinales, \u00ab la teneur en arte\u0301misinine et son efficacite\u0301 de\u0301pendent des conditions climatiques, ge\u0301ographiques et environnementales \u00bb, de\u0301taille l\u2019organisation dans des recommandations visant a\u0300 guider les industries pharmaceutiques dans la production d\u2019arte\u0301misine de qualite\u0301 suffisante. \u00ab Toutes les plantes d\u2019Artemisia annua ne contiennent pas ne\u0301cessairement d\u2019arte\u0301misinine et dans certains endroits, en fonction de la qualite\u0301 du sol et des pre\u0301cipitations, la teneur peut e\u0302tre tre\u0300s faible \u00bb, d\u2019apre\u0300s l\u2019OMS. Artemisia annua est notamment sensible a\u0300 l\u2019humidite\u0301 et a\u0300 la tempe\u0301rature, et ses feuilles \u00ab conserve\u0301es a\u0300 une tempe\u0301rature supe\u0301rieure a\u0300 20\u00b0C avec une humidite\u0301 relative e\u0301leve\u0301e entrai\u0302nent une perte substantielle de teneur en arte\u0301misinine \u00bb, pre\u0301cise encore l\u2019organisation, ajoutant que les feuilles doivent e\u0302tre stocke\u0301es dans un endroit frais et sec, pas force\u0301ment disponible pour les personnes vivant en zones rurales.<\/p>\n

De plus, \u00ab les patients traite\u0301s contre le paludisme avec du the\u0301 A. annua risquent de ne pas e\u0302tre suffisamment dose\u0301s \u00bb en raison de la faible solubilite\u0301 et de l\u2019instabilite\u0301 de l\u2019arte\u0301misine dans l\u2019eau et a\u0300 des tempe\u0301ratures e\u0301leve\u0301es. \u00ab Afin de recevoir une dose e\u0301quivalente a\u0300 un comprime\u0301 ou a\u0300 une capsule d\u2019arte\u0301misinine a\u0300 500 mg, les patients devraient boire jusqu\u2019a\u0300 5 litres de the\u0301 d\u2019A. Annua par jour pendant au moins sept jours conse\u0301cutifs \u00bb, pre\u0301cise l\u2019OMS, une posologie peu faisable dans la re\u0301alite\u0301, ou\u0300 les patients prennent pluto\u0302t autour d\u2019un litre quotidien de ce the\u0301.<\/p>\n

Un plant d\u2019Artemisia annua. Cre\u0301dits: RIJASOLO \/ AFP<\/p>\n

Une phytothe\u0301rapie qui n\u2019est pas sans risques<\/p>\n

Ne prendre qu\u2019un cinquie\u0300me de la dose efficace pourrait laisser des parasites vivants dans l\u2019organisme, s\u2019inquie\u0300te l\u2019OMS. \u00ab De telles doses subcuratives pourraient favoriser l\u2019e\u0301mergence d\u2019une re\u0301sistance de P. falciparum a\u0300 l\u2019arte\u0301misinine \u00bb, alerte-t-elle encore, rappelant que \u00ab les associations de me\u0301dicaments comportant un de\u0301rive\u0301 de l\u2019arte\u0301misinine (…), et un autre antipaludique, sont a\u0300 l\u2019heure actuelle notre meilleure arme contre les parasites re\u0301sistants \u00bb. \u00ab Aucune mole\u0301cule n\u2019est actuellement disponible pour remplacer l\u2019arte\u0301misinine dans les CTA \u00bb, souligne a\u0300 son tour l\u2019Acade\u0301mie de me\u0301decine. Ainsi, \u00ab utilise\u0301e correctement en association avec d\u2019autres antipaludiques, l\u2019arte\u0301misinine a une efficacite\u0301 de pre\u0300s de 95 % pour gue\u0301rir le paludisme et elle rend tre\u0300s improbable le de\u0301veloppement d\u2019une re\u0301sistance du parasite \u00bb, rappelle l\u2019Organisation mondiale de la sante\u0301.<\/p>\n

Tout aussi grave, \u00ab la consommation d\u2019Artemisia seule pendant 7 jours, par des litres de tisane de composition incertaine, expose les jeunes enfants impalude\u0301s a\u0300 un risque e\u0301leve\u0301 d\u2019acce\u0300s pernicieux \u00bb, une complication grave du paludisme qui se traduit par une atteinte du syste\u0300me nerveux pouvant mener au de\u0301ce\u0300s, s\u2019alarme l\u2019Acade\u0301mie.<\/p>\n

L\u2019artemisia contre le Covid-19?<\/p>\n

En 2020, Madagascar avait livre\u0301 dans plusieurs pays du continent un breuvage a\u0300 base d\u2019artemisia en affirmant qu\u2019elle pre\u0301venait voire soignait le Covid-19. Les e\u0301ventuels effets de cette tisane n\u2019avaient e\u0301te\u0301 valide\u0301s par aucune e\u0301tude scientifique. \u00ab Nos gouvernements (africains) se sont engage\u0301s en 2000 (…) a\u0300 traiter les reme\u0300des traditionnels comme les autres me\u0301dicaments en les soumettant a\u0300 des essais \u00bb, avait de\u0301clare\u0301 la responsable de l\u2019OMS pour l\u2019Afrique, le Dr Matshidiso Moeti, lors d\u2019un e\u0301change avec la presse. \u00ab Je recommande que ces re\u0301solutions (…) soient suivies \u00bb, avait-elle ajoute\u0301, \u00ab nous vivons des temps difficiles, je peux comprendre la ne\u0301cessite\u0301 de trouver des solutions mais j\u2019encourage le respect des processus scientifiques sur lesquels nos gouvernements se sont engage\u0301s \u00bb. Le Dr Moeti avait par ailleurs exhorte\u0301 le gouvernement malgache a\u0300 \u00ab faire tester (son) produit lors d\u2019essais cliniques \u00bb afin de \u00ab ve\u0301rifier son efficacite\u0301 (…) et sa se\u0301curite\u0301 sur les populations \u00bb.<\/p>\n

Avec AFP<\/p>\n

Retrouvez plus d\u2019actualit\u00e9s et d\u2019analyses sur Senegal<\/span> sur le site Africa Press<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Senegal. Qu\u2019est-ce que l\u2019Artemisia et pourquoi son utilisation n\u2019est-elle pas recommande\u0301e par l\u2019Organisation mondiale de la sante\u0301 (OMS)? \u00bb nous demande Ange Ange sur la page Facebook de Sciences et Avenir. Chaque semaine, nous se\u0301lectionnons une question de lecteur a\u0300 laquelle nous apportons une re\u0301ponse. Un grand merci pour votre curiosite\u0301. La plante […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":75779,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,10],"tags":[44],"class_list":["post-75780","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-senegal-2"],"yoast_head":"\nArtemisia Et Recommandations De L\u2019OMS - Senegal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"-article-header-tag"> Africa-Press - Senegal. 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