{"id":36667,"date":"2022-12-18T17:34:07","date_gmt":"2022-12-18T17:34:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/tchad\/politique\/le-marche-unique-africain-un-reve-et-des-obstacles"},"modified":"2022-12-18T18:54:33","modified_gmt":"2022-12-18T18:54:33","slug":"le-marche-unique-africain-un-reve-et-des-obstacles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/tchad\/economie\/le-marche-unique-africain-un-reve-et-des-obstacles","title":{"rendered":"Le march\u00e9 unique africain: un r\u00eave et des obstacles"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Tchad. <\/strong><\/span>Les efforts pour cre\u0301er un marche\u0301 commun africain se multiplient depuis plusieurs anne\u0301es. Mais l\u2019instauration de la Zone de libre-e\u0301change continentale africaine (AfCFTA) se heurte a\u0300 des proble\u0300mes structurels et a\u0300 l\u2019influence ame\u0301ricaine, expliquent a\u0300 Sputnik deux analystes en la matie\u0300re.<\/p>\n

La mise sur orbite d\u2019un marche\u0301 unique africain est l\u2019un des plus grands de\u0301fis auxquels est confronte\u0301 le continent noir. Cre\u0301e\u0301e en 2019, la Zone de libre-e\u0301change continentale africaine (AfCFTA) pourrait porter la taille de l\u2019e\u0301conomie africaine a\u0300 29.000 milliards de dollars d\u2019ici 2050, selon ses de\u0301fenseurs.<\/p>\n

Le projet doit de\u0301boucher sur la cre\u0301ation d\u2019un marche\u0301 unique englobant 1,3 milliard d\u2019habitants, et pourrait stimuler le commerce intra-africain de 52% en e\u0301liminant les barrie\u0300res douanie\u0300res, selon la Banque mondiale. Un projet d\u2019envergure, qui de\u0301livrerait l\u2019Afrique de ces de\u0301pendances aux importations, explique a\u0300 Sputnik Bamidele Adekunle, professeur agre\u0301ge\u0301 a\u0300 l’Universite\u0301 canadienne de Guelph.<\/p>\n

L\u2019AfCFTA se heurte ne\u0301anmoins a\u0300 certains obstacles, qui l\u2019empe\u0302chent pour l\u2019heure de prendre son envol. La volatilite\u0301 des devises et les taux de change fluctuants affectent notamment le processus, pre\u0301cise Bamidele Adekunle.<\/p>\n

La diffe\u0301rence de de\u0301veloppement entre E\u0301tats complique aussi la ta\u0302che, le Burundi restant par exemple l’une des e\u0301conomies africaines les moins de\u0301veloppe\u0301es alors que le Rwanda est devenu une puissance technologique. Enfin, l\u2019e\u0301tat des infrastructures de transports perturbent la connectivite\u0301 entre les pays.<\/p>\n

Le jeu trouble de Washington<\/p>\n

Le marche\u0301 unique africain doit aussi composer avec diverses influences exte\u0301rieures, notamment celle des E\u0301tats-Unis. Washington a en effet salue\u0301 la cre\u0301ation de l’AfCFTA mais continue de pousser sa Loi sur le de\u0301veloppement et les opportunite\u0301s africaines (AGOA), qui facilite l\u2019acce\u0300s des pays africains au marche\u0301 ame\u0301ricain.<\/p>\n

Proble\u0300me: ce me\u0301canisme est restrictif. Il faut jouer selon les re\u0300gles du jeu ame\u0301ricain pour y avoir acce\u0300s. De\u0301but janvier, Washington avait ainsi banni le Mali, l’E\u0301thiopie et la Guine\u0301e de l\u2019AGOA, invoquant des \u00ab\u00a0violations des droits humains\u00a0\u00bb. Une exclusivite\u0301 qui pousse aussi les pays africains a\u0300 se concurrencer entre eux, pluto\u0302t qu\u2019a\u0300 tirer ensemble dans le me\u0302me sens, affirme a\u0300 Sputnik Sergio Rossi, professeur de macroe\u0301conomie a\u0300 l’Universite\u0301 de Fribourg<\/p>\n

Ces derniers mois, les deux monnaies uniques imagine\u0301es par la Communaute\u0301 d’Afrique de l’Est (EAC) et la Communaute\u0301 e\u0301conomique des E\u0301tats d’Afrique de l’Ouest (CEDEAO) ont aussi pris du plomb dans l\u2019aile.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la Tchad<\/a>, suivez Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Tchad. Les efforts pour cre\u0301er un marche\u0301 commun africain se multiplient depuis plusieurs anne\u0301es. Mais l\u2019instauration de la Zone de libre-e\u0301change continentale africaine (AfCFTA) se heurte a\u0300 des proble\u0300mes structurels et a\u0300 l\u2019influence ame\u0301ricaine, expliquent a\u0300 Sputnik deux analystes en la matie\u0300re. La mise sur orbite d\u2019un marche\u0301 unique africain est l\u2019un des […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":36666,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[37,292,29],"class_list":["post-36667","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economie","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-tchad","tag-tchad"],"yoast_head":"\nLe march\u00e9 unique africain: un r\u00eave et des obstacles - tchad<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Les efforts pour cre\u0301er un marche\u0301 commun africain se multiplient depuis plusieurs anne\u0301es. 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