{"id":55608,"date":"2023-12-12T12:29:42","date_gmt":"2023-12-12T12:29:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/tchad\/politique\/chronique-faut-il-legiferer-sur-les-techniques-subliminales-supposees-de-lia"},"modified":"2023-12-12T13:00:25","modified_gmt":"2023-12-12T13:00:25","slug":"chronique-faut-il-legiferer-sur-les-techniques-subliminales-supposees-de-lia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/tchad\/toutes-les-actualites\/chronique-faut-il-legiferer-sur-les-techniques-subliminales-supposees-de-lia","title":{"rendered":"CHRONIQUE. Faut-il l\u00e9gif\u00e9rer sur les techniques subliminales suppos\u00e9es de l’IA ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Tchad. <\/strong><\/span>Le re\u0300glement europe\u0301en sur l’intelligence artificielle (IA), nomme\u0301 AI Act, le\u0301gife\u0300re sur les usages des technologies programme\u0301es avec des techniques d’IA en vue de pre\u0301server les citoyens d’atteintes a\u0300 leur se\u0301curite\u0301, a\u0300 leurs liberte\u0301s et a\u0300 leur dignite\u0301.<\/p>\n

Des mesures de transparence et de contro\u0302le<\/b><\/p>\n

Il impose des mesures de transparence et de contro\u0302le pour e\u0301viter les manipulations, les fuites de donne\u0301es personnelles et les biais. Il va me\u0302me jusqu’a\u0300 interdire certaines applications susceptibles de menacer l’inte\u0301grite\u0301 physique et psychologique des personnes, d’exploiter leurs vulne\u0301rabilite\u0301s et de leur causer des pre\u0301judices.<\/p>\n

Parmi elles, le re\u0300glement condamne tout \u00ab\u00a0syste\u0300me d’IA qui a recours a\u0300 des techniques subliminales au-dessous du seuil de conscience d’une personne pour alte\u0301rer substantiellement son comportement\u00a0\u00bb. Comment ne pas souscrire a\u0300 la prohibition de dispositifs visant a\u0300 influencer le comportement des individus par-devers eux ?<\/p>\n

Les re\u0301sultats douteux de James Vicary<\/b><\/p>\n

A\u0300 l’origine de ces techniques, il y a un analyste des comportements, James Vicary, qui affirma en 1957 qu’en ajoutant subrepticement dans un film des images qualifie\u0301es de \u00ab\u00a0subliminales\u00a0\u00bb parce qu’inaccessibles a\u0300 la conscience, et comprenant des phrases du type \u00ab\u00a0Buvez du Coca-Cola\u00a0\u00bb ou \u00ab\u00a0Mangez du pop-corn\u00a0\u00bb, on observait une augmentation des ventes de 18 % pour le Coca-Cola et de 50 % pour le pop-corn. La pre\u0301tendue expe\u0301rience a suscite\u0301 beaucoup de re\u0301actions et d’inquie\u0301tudes, car cela laissait entrevoir une forme de persuasion clandestine. Malheureusement – ou heureusement ? -, les efforts pour la reproduire se sont re\u0301ve\u0301le\u0301s vains, au point que James Vicary a e\u0301te\u0301 force\u0301 d’avouer en 1962, face aux demandes d’e\u0301claircissement, qu’il ne l’avait jamais conduite.<\/p>\n

S’il existe bien un traitement inconscient de l’information, ce dont la publicite\u0301 fait abondamment usage, la manipulation des esprits par des techniques subliminales ressort de l’affabulation, et le ro\u0302le de l’IA dans cette manipulation plus encore. De\u0300s lors, doit-on les interdire, au risque d’encombrer lois et re\u0300glements de clauses inutiles ?<\/p>\n

Par Jean-Gabriel Ganascia<\/b>, professeur a\u0300 Sorbonne Universite\u0301, a\u0300 Paris, chercheur en intelligence artificielle au LIP6 (Sorbonne Universite\u0301, CNRS), ex-pre\u0301sident du comite\u0301 d’e\u0301thique du CNRS. Dernier ouvrage publie\u0301 : \u00ab\u00a0Servitudes virtuelles\u00a0\u00bb, Seuil, 2022.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la Tchad<\/a>, suivez Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Tchad. Le re\u0300glement europe\u0301en sur l’intelligence artificielle (IA), nomme\u0301 AI Act, le\u0301gife\u0300re sur les usages des technologies programme\u0301es avec des techniques d’IA en vue de pre\u0301server les citoyens d’atteintes a\u0300 leur se\u0301curite\u0301, a\u0300 leurs liberte\u0301s et a\u0300 leur dignite\u0301. Des mesures de transparence et de contro\u0302le Il impose des mesures de transparence et […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":55607,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,10],"tags":[37,292,29],"class_list":["post-55608","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-tchad","tag-tchad"],"yoast_head":"\nCHRONIQUE. 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