{"id":61604,"date":"2024-03-30T12:46:31","date_gmt":"2024-03-30T12:46:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/tchad\/politique\/la-plus-petite-etoile-jamais-identifiee-tremble"},"modified":"2024-03-30T13:41:28","modified_gmt":"2024-03-30T13:41:28","slug":"la-plus-petite-etoile-jamais-identifiee-tremble","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/tchad\/toutes-les-actualites\/la-plus-petite-etoile-jamais-identifiee-tremble","title":{"rendered":"La plus petite \u00e9toile jamais identifi\u00e9e tremble"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Tchad. <\/strong><\/span>2,6 centime\u0300tres par seconde. C’est la tre\u0300s faible amplitude maximale des oscillations de\u0301tecte\u0301es sur l’e\u0301toile Epsilon Indi, situe\u0301e a\u0300 11,9 anne\u0301es-lumie\u0300re, dans la constellation de l’Indien, visible dans l’he\u0301misphe\u0300re sud.<\/p>\n

C’est la plus petite e\u0301toile, une naine orange de 71% de la taille du Soleil et dont la tempe\u0301rature de surface est infe\u0301rieure de 1000\u00b0C a\u0300 ce dernier, pour laquelle ont e\u0301te\u0301 enregistre\u0301es des vibrations. Une avance\u0301e qui va permettre de mieux connai\u0302tre ces astres qui sont de bons candidats pour accueillir des syste\u0300mes plane\u0301taires propices a\u0300 la vie.<\/p>\n

Sonder l’inte\u0301rieur des e\u0301toiles<\/b><\/p>\n

C’est une e\u0301quipe internationale dirige\u0301e par Tiago Campante, chercheur a\u0300 l’Institut d’Astrophysique et des Sciences Spatiales de Lisbonne (Portugal), qui a mesure\u0301 les oscillations d’Epsilon Indi. Ils ont utilise\u0301 le spectrographe ESPRESSO installe\u0301 sur le Tre\u0300s Grand Te\u0301lescope (VLT), installe\u0301 a\u0300 l’observatoire du Cerro Paranal, au Chili. Leurs re\u0301sultats, publie\u0301s dans la revue Astronomy & Astrophysics, sont importants pour la connaissance intime de ce type d’e\u0301toiles.<\/p>\n

En effet, jusqu’a\u0300 cette mesure, les scientifiques ne pensaient pas que les instruments actuels avaient une re\u0301solution assez fine pour de\u0301tecter les tremblements des naines orange. Ces oscillations se traduisent par de petits mouvements a\u0300 la surface de l’e\u0301toile et d’infimes variations de luminosite\u0301.<\/p>\n

Leur e\u0301tude, une discipline nomme\u0301e aste\u0301rosismologie, permet de mieux cerner les parame\u0300tres de l’astre et me\u0302me de sonder ses couches internes en analysant les diffe\u0301rents modes de vibration et la propagation des ondes acoustiques, de fac\u0327on similaire a\u0300 ce que font les sismographes lors des tremblements de terre.<\/p>\n

Des e\u0301toiles d’inte\u0301re\u0302t pour la recherche de vie<\/b><\/p>\n

Ainsi, les astronomes espe\u0300rent trancher un proble\u0300me relatif a\u0300 l’estimation de leur taille et de la relation entre leur diame\u0300tre et leur masse. Selon les mode\u0300les d’e\u0301volution stellaire, leur diame\u0300tre est infe\u0301rieur (de l’ordre de 5 a\u0300 15%) aux observations et aux mesures empiriques. Ce qui constitue un obstacle pour la recherche et la caracte\u0301risation des e\u0301ventuelles plane\u0300tes qui tourneraient autour de ces naines orange.<\/p>\n

Or, ces syste\u0300mes plane\u0301taires constituent de bons candidats pour la recherche d’exoplane\u0300tes habitables: les naines oranges ont une dure\u0301e de vie tre\u0300s longue (plusieurs dizaines de milliards d’anne\u0301es contre 10 pour le Soleil), ce qui offre donc une plus grande pe\u0301riode pour que la vie se de\u0301veloppe autour. De plus, ces e\u0301toiles sont beaucoup plus nombreuses que les e\u0301toiles de type Soleil, ce qui facilitera les recherches. Elles seront notamment mene\u0301es gra\u0302ce a\u0300 la mission PLATO (Planetary transits and oscillations of stars), de l’Agence spatiale europe\u0301enne, dont le lancement est pre\u0301vu en 2026.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations et d’analyses sur la Tchad<\/a>, suivez Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Tchad. 2,6 centime\u0300tres par seconde. C’est la tre\u0300s faible amplitude maximale des oscillations de\u0301tecte\u0301es sur l’e\u0301toile Epsilon Indi, situe\u0301e a\u0300 11,9 anne\u0301es-lumie\u0300re, dans la constellation de l’Indien, visible dans l’he\u0301misphe\u0300re sud. C’est la plus petite e\u0301toile, une naine orange de 71% de la taille du Soleil et dont la tempe\u0301rature de surface est […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":61603,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,10],"tags":[37,292,29],"class_list":["post-61604","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-tchad","tag-tchad"],"yoast_head":"\nLa plus petite \u00e9toile jamais identifi\u00e9e tremble - tchad<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"2,6 centime\u0300tres par seconde. 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