{"id":46944,"date":"2026-01-24T19:15:52","date_gmt":"2026-01-24T19:15:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/togo\/politique\/decouverte-revolutionnaire-sur-les-paranthropes-disparus"},"modified":"2026-01-24T19:47:13","modified_gmt":"2026-01-24T19:47:13","slug":"decouverte-revolutionnaire-sur-les-paranthropes-disparus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/togo\/toutes-les-actualites\/decouverte-revolutionnaire-sur-les-paranthropes-disparus","title":{"rendered":"D\u00e9couverte R\u00e9volutionnaire Sur Les Paranthropes Disparus"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Togo. <\/strong> <\/span>Depuis plus d’un demi-sie\u0300cle, ce bassin du nord-est de l’E\u0301thiopie est l’un des territoires les plus intensivement explore\u0301s par les pale\u0301oanthropologues. Les pale\u0301ontologues y ont identifie\u0301 plus d’une dizaine d’espe\u0300ces d’hominines, appartenant aux genres Ardipithecus, Australopithecus et Homo, couvrant une large part de l’histoire e\u0301volutive humaine. Mais aucune trace des paranthropes. Ce groupe d’hominines robustes apparu il y a environ 2,7 millions d’anne\u0301es est connu pour ses molaires hypertrophie\u0301es et son appareil masticateur puissant. Il se divise en deux espe\u0300ces: Paranthropus robustus et P. boisei.<\/p>\n

Un pre\u0301-humain plus adaptable qu’imagine\u0301<\/b><\/p>\n

Cette absence avait fini par e\u0302tre interpre\u0301te\u0301e comme un signal biologique. Pour certains chercheurs, une spe\u0301cialisation alimentaire trop marque\u0301e aurait limite\u0301 les paranthropes a\u0300 des re\u0301gions plus me\u0301ridionales. D’autres y voyaient la conse\u0301quence d’une concurrence perdue face a\u0300 Homo. La de\u0301couverte d’une ma\u0302choire partielle, date\u0301e de 2,6 millions d’anne\u0301es, dans la zone de Mille-Logya, remet brutalement ces sce\u0301narios en question. \u00ab\u00a0Le principal re\u0301sultat de notre e\u0301tude est que cette de\u0301couverte e\u0301tend l’aire connue de Paranthropus de plus de 1000 kilome\u0300tres et montre que cet hominine e\u0301tait bien plus re\u0301pandu et versatile qu’on ne le pensait\u00a0\u00bb, explique Zeresenay Alemseged, principal auteur de l’e\u0301tude publie\u0301e dans la revue Nature.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Notre de\u0301couverte montre que ce genre e\u0301tait capable d’occuper des habitats varie\u0301s, comme Homo et Australopithecus, et que son adaptation ne l’a pas empe\u0302che\u0301 de se disperser largement en Afrique de l’Est\u00a0\u00bb, ajoute-t-il. La pre\u0301sence des paranthropes est de\u0301sormais atteste\u0301e du sud de l’Afrique jusqu’au nord de l’E\u0301thiopie, et a perdure\u0301 pendant environ 1,5 million d’anne\u0301es, entre 2,7 et 1,2 millions d’anne\u0301es.<\/p>\n

Un \u00ab\u00a0casse-noix\u00a0\u00bb pas si spe\u0301cialise\u0301<\/b><\/p>\n

Cette ma\u0302choire conduit aussi a\u0300 re\u0301e\u0301valuer en profondeur l’e\u0301cologie et le re\u0301gime alimentaire de Paranthropus. Longtemps re\u0301sume\u0301 a\u0300 l’image d’un \u00ab\u00a0casse-noix\u00a0\u00bb, a\u0300 cause de ses grosses dents, le genre a souvent e\u0301te\u0301 pre\u0301sente\u0301 comme excessivement spe\u0301cialise\u0301, enferme\u0301 dans une niche alimentaire e\u0301troite dicte\u0301e par son anatomie robuste. Une vision qui re\u0301siste mal a\u0300 vaste dispersion ge\u0301ographique. \u00ab\u00a0Pour que Paranthropus ait occupe\u0301 des re\u0301gions allant de l’Afrique du Sud jusqu’a\u0300 l’Afar, il devait ne\u0301cessairement disposer d’une certaine flexibilite\u0301 alimentaire\u00a0\u00bb, souligne Zeresenay Alemseged.<\/p>\n

Les donne\u0301es accumule\u0301es ces dernie\u0300res anne\u0301es vont d’ailleurs dans ce sens. Des analyses isotopiques et microstructurales des dents montrent que diffe\u0301rentes espe\u0300ces de Paranthropus consommaient des ressources varie\u0301es, et pas ne\u0301cessairement identiques entre elles. Des travaux re\u0301cents sugge\u0300rent me\u0302me que Paranthropus boisei e\u0301tait capable, au moins ponctuellement, d’utiliser ou de produire des outils en pierre, brouillant la frontie\u0300re comportementale avec Homo.<\/p>\n

Dans ce contexte, l’extinction des paranthropes ne peut plus e\u0302tre conside\u0301re\u0301e comme l’e\u0301chec d’un genre sur-spe\u0301cialise\u0301. \u00ab\u00a0Ils ont ve\u0301cu pendant 1,5 million d’anne\u0301es. S’e\u0301teindre apre\u0300s une aussi longue dure\u0301e est la norme pluto\u0302t que l’exception\u00a0\u00bb, rappelle Zeresenay Alemseged. Il s’ave\u0300re, finalement, que les paranthropes et les ance\u0302tres des humains ont suivi des trajectoires e\u0301volutives paralle\u0300les, chacune avec ses contraintes et ses opportunite\u0301s.<\/p>\n

Retrouvez plus d\u2019actualit\u00e9s et d\u2019analyses sur Togo<\/span> sur le site Africa Press<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Togo. Depuis plus d’un demi-sie\u0300cle, ce bassin du nord-est de l’E\u0301thiopie est l’un des territoires les plus intensivement explore\u0301s par les pale\u0301oanthropologues. Les pale\u0301ontologues y ont identifie\u0301 plus d’une dizaine d’espe\u0300ces d’hominines, appartenant aux genres Ardipithecus, Australopithecus et Homo, couvrant une large part de l’histoire e\u0301volutive humaine. Mais aucune trace des paranthropes. Ce […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":46943,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,10],"tags":[50],"class_list":["post-46944","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-divers","category-toutes-les-actualites","tag-togo"],"yoast_head":"\nD\u00e9couverte R\u00e9volutionnaire Sur Les Paranthropes Disparus - Togo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"-article-header-tag"> Africa-Press - Togo. 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