{"id":27462,"date":"2022-03-06T20:30:52","date_gmt":"2022-03-06T20:30:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/?p=27462"},"modified":"2022-03-06T19:03:07","modified_gmt":"2022-03-06T19:03:07","slug":"musevenis-west-east-delicate-balancing-act","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/all-news\/musevenis-west-east-delicate-balancing-act","title":{"rendered":"Museveni\u2019s West-East delicate balancing act"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Uganda. <\/strong><\/span>Uganda\u2019s \u201cabstain\u201d vote during the UN General Assembly\u2019s emergency session on Wednesday elicited mixed reactions from the public, with some puzzled about the government\u2019s neutrality amidst a full blown conflict between Russia and its former Soviet territory, Ukraine.<\/p>\n

The emergency session was called by the UN Security Council (UNSC)\u2014the world body\u2019s most powerful organ\u2014to sample the appetite for an immediate cessation of violence and withdrawal of the Russian military from Ukraine.<\/p>\n

Four days earlier, the resolution sponsored by the US and Albania to reprimand Russia failed to catch fire at the Security Council meeting.<\/p>\n

There are 15 members of the UNSC, five of whom are permanent (US, UK, Russia, France, and China) and the rest non-permanent (UAE, Albania, Gabon, Ghana, Brazil, India, Kenya, Norway, Ireland, and Mexico).<\/p>\n

Eleven of the 15 members supported the Security Council resolution vetoed by Russia while UAE, China and India abstained.<\/p>\n

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Immediately, the US vowed to bounce the matter to the General Assembly where all 193 UN member countries have voice, and resolutions require support of a two-thirds majority.<\/p>\n

One hundred forty-one (141) countries voted in favour of the resolution, 35\u2014Uganda inclusive\u2014abstained, and five\u2014Russia, Belarus, Syria, North Korea, and Eritrea\u2014voted against.<\/p>\n

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Why Uganda abstained at vote on Ukraine war<\/p>\n

Shortly after the vote, Uganda\u2019s ambassador to the United Nations Adonia Ayebare explained in a tweet that abstaining from voting at the UN Assembly was for strategic reasons.<\/p>\n

He wrote: \u201cUganda abstained on the UN General Assembly vote on the Ukraine crisis. As incoming chair of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), neutrality is key.\u201d<\/p>\n

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The NAM conference will be hosted in November of 2023, with Russia and China expected to send representatives in an observer status.<\/p>\n

Once bitten, twice shy?<\/p>\n

The State Minister for International Relations, Mr Henry Oryem Okello , in a separate interview with NTV Uganda described the issue as a \u201cvery serious matter\u201d whose genesis needed to be understood.<\/p>\n

\u201cIn taking a decision to vote you should understand the issue thoroughly and not take any chances,\u201d Mr Oryem averred. \u201cWhen Iraq was attacked, when there was so much destruction and so much loss of life, the weapons of mass destruction were not found.\u201d<\/p>\n

Uganda, a key ally of Washington in the restive Great Lakes region, was one of the few countries to support the invasion of Iraq in March of 2002.<\/p>\n

The Central Intelligence Agency claimed that then Iraqi strongman Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction, which turned out to be untrue.<\/p>\n

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Museveni meets Russian envoy<\/p>\n

Later on October 12, 2003, President Museveni admitted that he \u201cblindly\u201d backed the American invasion of Iraq.<\/p>\n

\u201cI supported the Americans in Iraq, but I didn\u2019t even know what they were fighting for,\u201d Mr Museveni\u2014who five years earlier had been touted by Bush\u2019s predecessor, Bill Clinton as among the handful of \u201cnew breed\u201d of African leaders\u2014said while inaugurating the Senior Staff and Command College in Kimaka, Jinja.<\/p>\n

He added: \u201cWhat I knew is that Saddam [Hussein] was a friend of [then Sudan president, Omar] Bashir, and Bashir was my enemy.\u201d<\/p>\n

There was a time, between 1995 to around 2012, when President Museveni and now former Sudanese strongman Omar Hassan Ahmad al-Bashir could not see eye to eye. At the height of the tensions in 1995, Uganda drove military tanks into the Sudanese embassy in Kampala and diplomatic ties were cut off.<\/p>\n

It was a public secret that Uganda was supporting Bashir\u2019s adversaries\u2014the Sudan People\u2019s Liberation Army\/Movement (SPLA ) in their struggle for autonomy. This climaxed into the Comprehensive Peace Agreement and ultimately South Sudan\u2019s independence in 2011. Before that, Sudan was also extending financial and logistical support to Joseph Kony\u2019s Lord\u2019s Resistance Army (LRA) which wreaked havoc in northern Uganda and parts of DR Congo.<\/p>\n

Geopolitical struggle<\/p>\n

At the onset of the sabre-rattling between the West and the Kremlin\u2014after the latter\u2019s annexation of Crimea in February 2014\u2014Uganda\u2019c communication clearing house (Uganda Media Centre) issued a missive. In it, Uganda joined a few countries in accusing the West of \u201carrogance.\u201d The first African country to do this, the move would later prove costly.<\/p>\n

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The Ugandan government had in 2013 started the search process for a lead investor to undertake construction of the 60,000 barrels per day (bpd) refinery. Close to 75 companies expressed interest by picking the Request for Qualification document. Only eight made it to the last hurdle, with four pulling out for various reasons.<\/p>\n

The four that reached the last round in 2014 included: RT Global Resources from Russia, Japan\u2019s Maruben Corporation, China\u2019s Petroleum Pipeline Bureau (CPPB), and the South Korean SK Group.<\/p>\n

In February 2015, Uganda awarded the refinery tender to RT Global Resources, a consortium led by Russia\u2019s Rostec\u2014a defence and technology corporation whose businesses include manufacturers of weapons such as the AK-47\/Kalashnikov rifles.<\/p>\n

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Rostec\u2019s chief executive, Sergei Chemezov, was a former officer in the Russian spy agency, KGB. He is also a close ally of President Vladimir Putin. Shortly after Russia\u2019s annexation of Crimea, the US imposed sanctions on Mr Chemezov\u2014freezing assets and barring US companies from dealing with him.<\/p>\n

A week after Uganda made the grand announcement, then US ambassador to Uganda Scott DeLisi told journalists in Kampala that it was \u201cnot a done deal.\u201d<\/p>\n

He added: \u201cThey may be because of the sanctions imposed upon the parent company. There may be problems in terms of financing, inability to operate, but we will see how all that plays out.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ambassador DeLisi also said that while \u201cit is not my job to tell the government of Uganda with whom they can engage\u2026it is my job to share with the government the US policy, its concerns, if there are any, and to define the nature of our partnership.\u201d<\/p>\n

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Then Russian ambassador to Uganda, Sergey Shishkin, shot back saying Uganda has a right to \u201ccooperate with all partners who are ready to come here and invest.\u201d<\/p>\n

One year later, during the last leg of negotiations over the refinery, RT Global Resources packed its bags and left, scuttling Uganda\u2019s plans to start commercial oil production in 2020.<\/p>\n

Keeping enemies closer<\/b><\/p>\n

The Energy ministry went back to the drawing board to search for a new investor. The due diligence team\u2014in one confidential brief to the President\u2014recommended the Intra-continental Asset Holdings consortium, which includes Yaatra Ventures LLC and General Electric (GE) Africa from America as well as Italy\u2019s Saipem SpA, which had been pipped by the Chinese consortium on the basis of striking a balance of foreign interests in the oil sector.<\/p>\n

President Museveni had in the recent past continually scolded Western countries for what he called arrogance, and said China and Russia were available as alternatives because they do not meddle in the internal politics of other countries.<\/p>\n

And seemingly well conversant with the fickle alliances, the President has always been on a charm offensive with both the West and East. His relationship between US and UK dates back to the 1981-86 rebel war he waged against the Obote II government.<\/p>\n

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The former New Vision editor-in-chief, William Pike, in his book titled: Combatants: A memoir of the Bush War and Press in Uganda, reveals that Museveni occasionally sought support from the West. The recently declassified CIA cables also illuminate this.<\/p>\n

But over the years the West started getting under his skin with questions about his governance record and long stay in power. This scrutiny intensified when plans to remove term limits from the Constitution in 2005 became apparent.<\/p>\n

Former US ambassador to Uganda (1991-1994) Johnnie Carson, who also later served as Assistant Secretary of State for Africa, once wrote about Mr Museveni\u2019s thirst for power in the Boston Globe on May 1, 2005. This was shortly after President Clinton acclaimed Mr Museveni as a \u201cnew breed\u201d leader.<\/p>\n

Mr Carson noted that the corrupted removal of presidential term limits\u2014the safeguard for peaceful transfer of power in a country that has only known violent regime change\u2014\u201ccast Museveni as just another African president unwilling to give up power\u201d much like former President of Zimbabwe, Robert Mugabe.<\/p>\n

Two years later in 2007, President Museveni volunteered to venture into the restive Somalia, where American commandos suffered a humiliating defeat during the Battle of Mogadishu in 1993. This expedition changed the West\u2019s view of Mr Museveni. Today, Uganda has the biggest peacekeeping contingent of UPDF soldiers there.<\/p>\n

Balancing act<\/p>\n

Uganda is among the 40 African countries with which Moscow maintains diplomatic presence. Three days after getting independence from Britain in 1962, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) established diplomatic relations with Uganda. Two years later, the USSR signed two bilateral pacts on trade and economic\/technical cooperation with Uganda that became the basis for cooperation with former President Milton Obote\u2019s government. They also contributed to his toppling after the British supported a coup that Idi Amin successfully led.<\/p>\n

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Relations with the USSR and later Russia remained insignificant until when\u2014in 2011\u2014the executive raided the Treasury and forked out $740 million (about Shs2.7 trillion) for the procurement of six Sukhoi Su-30 multirole fighter jets from Russia.<\/p>\n

President Museveni Museveni\u2014who is known to have a Marxist background\u2014first met Russian President Vladimir Putin in 2004 on the fringes of the G8 Summit held at Sea Island.<\/p>\n

In 2008, Russia\u2019s First Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs, Andrey Denisov, visited Kampala.<\/p>\n

Mr Denisov signed a Memorandum of Consultations between the Foreign Affairs ministry of his country and Uganda, reinvigorating relations between the two countries.<\/p>\n

In the summer of 2009, President Museveni made a private visit to Moscow where he held talks with Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov and the Russian Chamber of Commerce and Industry president Yevgeny Primakov on prospects of Uganda.<\/p>\n

He returned to Moscow in December of 2012 on a state visit and held bilateral talks with President Putin on among others prospects energy, engineering, geologic exploration, construction, finances and military supplies.<\/p>\n

It is here, sources familiar with the matter say, that the decision to have a Russian firm construct Uganda\u2019s refinery was first mooted. Earlier, President Museveni had been scouting for investors in Iran and Saudi Arabia.<\/p>\n

The two leaders also agreed to the establishment of an Inter-governmental Commission on Economic, Scientific and Technical Cooperation between the countries. The establishment was actualised in May 2015 when junior Foreign Affairs minister, Oryem, and Mr Volin signed the agreement for the commission that will eliminate obstacles of doing business and open up Uganda to Russian companies.<\/p>\n

The first ministerial meeting of the commission was held in October of 2014, with the signing of more bilateral frameworks between the two countries. Mr Volin described the agreements as \u201cimportant for Russia.\u201d<\/p>\n

In 2019, President Museveni was among the dozen African leaders invited for the maiden Russia-Africa Summit held in the Black Sea coastal city of Sochi.<\/p>\n

At the summit, President Putin called upon both sides to strive to grow trade \u201cto at least\u201d $40b (Shs144trillion) in the next few years from $20 billion (Shs72 billion) as at 2018.<\/p>\n

President Putin said Moscow\u2019s relationship with Africa is \u201cbased on long-standing traditions of friendship and solidarity\u201d having assisted several countries on the continent during independence struggles of the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s.<\/p>\n

This past week President Museveni held back-to-back meetings with US and Russian envoys in what observers have described as a delicate balancing act. It remains to be seen if he can keep either superpower at different ends of the aisle happy.<\/p>\n

Bilateral deals with Russian Federation<\/p>\n

Beyond military cooperation, Russia has had prospective interest in supporting Uganda\u2019s development of nuclear energy.<\/p>\n

The Parliament of Uganda is currently investigating how government functionaries handpicked a Russian firm for the contract to instal spy chips on cars and motorcycles. In fact, education scholarships and technology cooperation bolts Russia and Uganda hip-to-hip.<\/p>\n

Elsewhere, there are dozens of Ugandan pilots, aircraft maintainable engineers and navigators training in Russia. Most of them due to complete their courses.<\/p>\n

Russian experts also have been permanent fixtures at Entebbe military airbase, training pilots, aviation engineers, flying jets and brokering military procurement deals.<\/p>\n

For More News And Analysis About Uganda<\/a> Follow Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Uganda. Uganda\u2019s \u201cabstain\u201d vote during the UN General Assembly\u2019s emergency session on Wednesday elicited mixed reactions from the public, with some puzzled about the government\u2019s neutrality amidst a full blown conflict between Russia and its former Soviet territory, Ukraine. The emergency session was called by the UN Security Council (UNSC)\u2014the world body\u2019s most […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":84,"featured_media":27461,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,7,8,12],"tags":[233,240,234],"class_list":["post-27462","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-all-news","category-head-lines","category-homepage-english","category-policy","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-uganda","tag-uganda"],"yoast_head":"\nMuseveni\u2019s West-East delicate balancing act - Uganda<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Uganda\u2019s \u201cabstain\u201d vote during the UN General Assembly\u2019s emergency session on Wednesday elicited mixed reactions from th ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/all-news\/musevenis-west-east-delicate-balancing-act\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Museveni\u2019s West-East delicate balancing act\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Uganda\u2019s \u201cabstain\u201d vote during the UN General Assembly\u2019s emergency session on Wednesday elicited mixed reactions from th ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/all-news\/musevenis-west-east-delicate-balancing-act\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Uganda\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/AfricaPressTunisiaa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-03-06T20:30:52+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/uganda\/sites\/34\/2022\/03\/img-6225054ee231d.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"cfeditoren\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"cfeditoren\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"10 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/all-news\/musevenis-west-east-delicate-balancing-act#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/all-news\/musevenis-west-east-delicate-balancing-act\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"cfeditoren\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/#\/schema\/person\/068c7ab4e9634ae78ec5d54ec46598bb\"},\"headline\":\"Museveni\u2019s West-East delicate balancing act\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-03-06T20:30:52+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/all-news\/musevenis-west-east-delicate-balancing-act\"},\"wordCount\":2088,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/all-news\/musevenis-west-east-delicate-balancing-act#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/uganda\/sites\/34\/2022\/03\/img-6225054ee231d.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Africa Press\",\"Africa Press-Uganda\",\"uganda\"],\"articleSection\":[\"all news\",\"head lines\",\"homepage-english\",\"policy\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/all-news\/musevenis-west-east-delicate-balancing-act#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/all-news\/musevenis-west-east-delicate-balancing-act\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/all-news\/musevenis-west-east-delicate-balancing-act\",\"name\":\"Museveni\u2019s West-East delicate balancing act - 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