{"id":47482,"date":"2023-04-10T11:10:43","date_gmt":"2023-04-10T11:10:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/all-news\/new-wave-of-political-change-blows-through-eastern-africa"},"modified":"2023-04-10T11:25:24","modified_gmt":"2023-04-10T11:25:24","slug":"new-wave-of-political-change-blows-through-eastern-africa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/all-news\/new-wave-of-political-change-blows-through-eastern-africa","title":{"rendered":"New wave of political change blows through Eastern Africa"},"content":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Uganda. <\/strong><\/span>A wave of political change is blowing through East Africa, with the ruling parties battling to garner the support of the younger generations to stay in power.<\/p>\n

A growing agitation for change \u2014 and the permission for it \u2014 is returning to the region in what may signal progress in democracy.<\/p>\n

The latest trends in Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania and Rwanda upend pre-Covid-era developments in which critics and opposition figures were detained or forced into exile.<\/p>\n

There is also an urgency within the political parties to trigger generational leadership change in an effort to maintain a grip on power.<\/p>\n

In Rwanda, the ruling party Rwanda Patriotic Front, RPF-Inkotanyi, has recently seen a change of guard in its National Executive Committee, bringing in a relatively younger secretary-general and its first woman vice-chairperson.<\/p>\n

President Paul Kagame, however, remains the party chairman, and hence the presidential candidate in the 2024 elections.<\/p>\n

The RPF, which is 35-years-old, has been facing a challenge of maintaining stability and popularity among voters born after the 1994 Genocide Against the Tutsi. Government figures show that 65.3 percent of the Rwandan population is under 30, meaning that they were born after the genocide.<\/p>\n

It is perhaps this realisation that informed the changes in the party at its 16th national congress last weekend, which saw diplomat Wellars Gasamagera handed the reins as secretary-general, to replace Franc\u0327ois Ngarambe, who had held the position for 21 years.<\/p>\n

Consolee Uwimana was elected vice-chairperson at the congress, which also marked RPF\u2019s 35th anniversary.<\/p>\n

The congress attracted more than 2,000 party members and was also attended by invited guests from local political organisations and representatives of friendly parties from different countries. Some 25 commissioners were elected, with 10 having been forwarded by the party\u2019s youth league, signalling the RPF\u2019s transition strategy to ensure continuity.<\/p>\n

The committee\u2019s tenure is five years, which indicates a shift from the old order where some positions became synonymous with some individuals. The RPF constitution also stipulates that of the 28 members of National Executive Committee, 30 percent be women.<\/p>\n

Mr Gasamagera, who until last month served as the Rwandan ambassador to Angola, is a known party mobiliser and was the commissioner in charge of political mass mobilisation and the party spokesman. The new job is therefore right up his alley.<\/p>\n

Analysts see this as President Kagame\u2019s preparation for his exit, although he is largely expected to contest next year\u2019s election. The President recently indicated that he may run, but he has made deliberate efforts to consolidate the party ahead of the polls.<\/p>\n

In Uganda, the son of President Yoweri Museveni, General Muhoozi Kainerugaba, is roiling political waters with his Twitter campaign for 2026. This campaign cost him his job as Commander of Land Forces, but that he continues to tweet without another reprimand means Ugandans are debating the Museveni succession.<\/p>\n

The laws remain the same, though: No term limits nor age limits, but his tweets have seen Gen Kainerugaba bicker with opposition leader Bobi Wine and his supporters. The two, however, agree that the National Resistance Movement is no longer the image of today\u2019s Uganda, suggesting it has lived beyond its sell-by date.<\/p>\n

Recently, Gen Kainerugaba tweeted \u2014 and deleted \u2014 his desire to vie at the next presidential election in 2026. He said that, by that point, \u201cit will be 40 years of the old generation in charge,\u201d suggesting he represents Ugandan youth. He is 48.<\/p>\n

He says the NRM is \u201cprobably the most reactionary organisation in the country\u201d \u2014 adding that it \u201ccertainly does not represent the people of Uganda.\u201d<\/p>\n

Of the East African countries, Kenya remains the ever-boiling pot of politics. Last week, veteran Kenyan opposition leader Raila Odinga seemed to take President William Ruto\u2019s olive branch for bi-partisan talks after two weeks of economically costly anti-government protests across the country.<\/p>\n

But his raft of new demands has not gone down well with the Head of State and his Kenya Kwanza Alliance, who accuse Raila of seeking a coalition arrangement through the backdoor.<\/p>\n

Mr Odinga who leads the main opposition coalition Azimio la Umoja One Kenya alliance, has listed at least eight issues that he argues should form terms of reference for the joint task force he insists should deliver a report within 30 days.<\/p>\n

The former premier argues that the joint team of negotiators must deliberate on measures to lower the cost of maize flour, fuel, electricity and school fees, conduct a review and forensic audit of the servers used by the electoral agency before, during, and after the 2022 presidential election.<\/p>\n

They should also review the appointment and dismissal of commissioners, including their tenure of office, and recommend institutional, policy, legal, and constitutional mechanisms, restructuring and reforms of the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission.<\/p>\n

Mr Odinga\u2019s demands touch on electoral laws amended after every election since 2007, but which seem to satisfy no one who loses \u2013 largely himself.<\/p>\n

The former premier suggests the negotiations should mirror the country\u2019s 2008 talks under the frame work of the National Accord, that created the 2008 post-election-violence government of national unity.<\/p>\n

He received Kenya Kwanza flak for seeking a coalition government \u201cdespite losing the election.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cWe cannot hold talks outside the law, that is why I am saying we should allow our MPs to hold bipartisan talks in Parliament,\u201d President Ruto said on Thursday. \u201cIf talks will not be held in Parliament, then they [Opposition] should wait for 2027 for them to [win power].\u201d<\/p>\n

Nonetheless, Mr Odinga held a Parliamentary Group meeting for his coalition, in which he named seven negotiators including secretary-general of his ODM party Nairobi Senator Edwin Sifuna and Senate Minority whip Ledama ole Kina to pursue the parliamentary talks. He stuck to his guns, insisting he would resume mass action should the President\u2019s side scuttle the talks.<\/p>\n

As the leaders continue to bicker over the issues on the table, their allies in parliament, which is expected to shape the dialogue, have equally maintained hard-line positions, further casting doubt on the possibility for a lasting truce.<\/p>\n

With no one in government interested in coalition arrangements, the nation\u2019s certainty now rests on how parliament goes about it. Mr Odinga\u2019s coalition has recently lost some MPs to the ruling Kenya Kwanza, even though they did not quit the opposition ranks formally; a profit from lacunae on civil liberties and political discipline.<\/p>\n

In Tanzania, usually the most stable polity in the region, but where political clampdown had been rampant, they are trying to amend the supreme laws. The target? Immunity for top political officials. According to some religious clerics in Tanzania, lifting of immunity from prosecution for top political officials should be included in the ongoing judicial and constitutional reforms package.<\/p>\n

The proposal by one of the country\u2019s most respected groups comes amid growing calls for clipping of presidential powers in view of unprecedented excesses during the John Magufuli tenure.<\/p>\n

Under the Basic Rights and Duties Enforcement Act passed by parliament in June 2020, the president, VP, prime minister, Speaker and deputy Speaker of the National Assembly, and chief justice all have immunity from criminal prosecution for any action undertaken in their capacities while in office.<\/p>\n

The Tanzania Episcopal Conference (TEC) emphasised that before a presidential commission on criminal justice system reforms in Dar es Salaam on March 22 that the current constitution declares all people, including leaders to be equal before the law.<\/p>\n

In that context, no one should be considered above the law simply because they are public leaders, the TEC said in its recommendations submitted to the commission which began its work in February, in line with the Samia Hassan administration\u2019s legal reforms agenda.<\/p>\n

According to TEC\u2019s director of Human Dignity Rev Camilius Kassala, the immunity clause for leaders also defied Christian conventions that made all people \u201cequal before God regardless of their earthly status.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cThat\u2019s why there is this demand for a new constitution so the immunity is removed. Citizens have begun to understand that all humans are supposed to be treated the same before God, be they in prison, rich or poor, bosses, presidents, it doesn\u2019t matter,\u201d Rev Kassala said.<\/p>\n

He proposed that citizen rights to hold both the government and its officials accountable for misdeeds or failure to fulfil their obligations be restored to the country\u2019s criminal justice system for the sake of accountability.<\/p>\n

The bill for the law was rushed through parliament despite an outcry from civil society over its constitutional compatibility and approved under a certificate of urgency before the House was dissolved ahead of the General Election three months later (October 2020).<\/p>\n

It protects the leaders of all three main pillars of state (executive, legislature and judiciary) from litigation in their individual capacities, allowing people aggrieved by the actions of any of those leaders to sue only the Attorney General as the state\u2019s representative.<\/p>\n

A coalition of Tanzanian civil society organisations said at the time the bill was being debated that the law would be \u201cpoisonous\u201d to civil rights in the country and was aimed at \u201cinstigating blatant violations of the constitution\u201d.<\/p>\n

The coalition\u2019s online petition collected over 3,000 signatures out of a targeted 5,000 before the bill was eventually endorsed by parliament.<\/p>\n

In a private write-up, prominent Tanzanian law professor Issa Shivji called the law \u201can attempt to amend the constitution through the back door\u201d by abolishing public interest litigation.<\/p>\n

He said an immunity provision for leaders had \u201csevere implications for the rights of victims of unconstitutional and illegal acts of the organs and officials of the state at different levels\u201d.<\/p>\n

Magufuli and the ruling CCM party went on to win both the presidential and parliamentary elections by controversial landslides amid complaints of rampant cheating and ballot box manipulation by the opposition and democracy advocates within and outside Tanzania.<\/p>\n

Events such as this served to refuel calls for the head of state\u2019s powers to be whittled down. While they existed during previous movements for constitutional change in Tanzania, they have gained momentum since his death two years ago.<\/p>\n

According to former Legal and Human Rights Centre director Hellen Kijo-Bisimba, the issue has become more important in the wake of the country\u2019s experiences during the Magufuli presidency.<\/p>\n

\u201cPresidential powers were also a big subject during the past Katiba Mpya processes, but no one really took it up seriously until after we witnessed in practice how such powers can be applied recklessly or even abused,\u201d Dr Kijo-Bisimba said.<\/p>\n

She added that although current President Samia was proving much more benevolent than her predecessor, fears still prevailed of another future head of state using the same powers in a \u201cdictatorial\u201d manner.<\/p>\n

Former National Assembly Speaker Pius Msekwa, who is also a former ruling CCM party heavyweight, called on advocates for a reduction in presidential powers to point out specific areas that require modification in order to achieve this \u201crather than offer general arguments.\u201d<\/p>\n

For More News And Analysis About Uganda<\/a> Follow Africa-Press<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Africa-Press – Uganda. A wave of political change is blowing through East Africa, with the ruling parties battling to garner the support of the younger generations to stay in power. A growing agitation for change \u2014 and the permission for it \u2014 is returning to the region in what may signal progress in democracy. The […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":84,"featured_media":47481,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,6],"tags":[233,240,234],"class_list":["post-47482","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-all-news","category-files","tag-africa-press","tag-africa-press-uganda","tag-uganda"],"yoast_head":"\nNew wave of political change blows through Eastern Africa - Uganda<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A wave of political change is blowing through East Africa, with the ruling parties battling to garner the support of the ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/all-news\/new-wave-of-political-change-blows-through-eastern-africa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"New wave of political change blows through Eastern Africa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A wave of political change is blowing through East Africa, with the ruling parties battling to garner the support of the ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/all-news\/new-wave-of-political-change-blows-through-eastern-africa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Uganda\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/AfricaPressTunisiaa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-04-10T11:10:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-04-10T11:25:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/uganda\/sites\/34\/2023\/04\/postQueueImg_1681108899.74.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1728\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1152\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"cfeditoren\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"cfeditoren\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"9 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/all-news\/new-wave-of-political-change-blows-through-eastern-africa#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/all-news\/new-wave-of-political-change-blows-through-eastern-africa\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"cfeditoren\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/#\/schema\/person\/068c7ab4e9634ae78ec5d54ec46598bb\"},\"headline\":\"New wave of political change blows through Eastern Africa\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-04-10T11:10:43+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-04-10T11:25:24+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/all-news\/new-wave-of-political-change-blows-through-eastern-africa\"},\"wordCount\":1815,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/all-news\/new-wave-of-political-change-blows-through-eastern-africa#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/static.africa-press.net\/uganda\/sites\/34\/2023\/04\/postQueueImg_1681108899.74.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Africa Press\",\"Africa Press-Uganda\",\"uganda\"],\"articleSection\":[\"all news\",\"files\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/all-news\/new-wave-of-political-change-blows-through-eastern-africa#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/all-news\/new-wave-of-political-change-blows-through-eastern-africa\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.africa-press.net\/uganda\/all-news\/new-wave-of-political-change-blows-through-eastern-africa\",\"name\":\"New wave of political change blows through Eastern Africa - 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