Africa-Press – Eritrea. AfCFTA: An Ambitious Project Hindered by Many Obstacles
Signed on May 30, 2019, the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) agreement was intended to revolutionize trade across Africa by creating a unified market of 1.3 billion people and generating an additional $450 billion in revenue by 2035. However, five years later, implementation remains slow. Only 46 out of 55 countries have ratified the agreement, and the elimination of tariffs on 90% of goods is not expected until 2034.
Although some trade has taken place under this framework—such as exports from Ghanaian and South African companies in 2023—these transactions remain marginal. Structural, logistical, and political challenges continue to hinder the growth of intra-African trade.
Development Inequalities Overlooked
According to Africa Kiiza, trade policy analyst and author of the report , the AfCFTA is based on an overly simplistic assumption:
Even when goods are produced, their transportation remains a major challenge. Kiiza points out.
Another issue is the disparity in economic development among countries. Kiiza argues that commitments must be adapted to each country’s economic realities to prevent further deepening inequalities.
Integration Hindered by External Agreements
Beyond infrastructure gaps, another major obstacle to the AfCFTA’s implementation is the trade strategy of African nations themselves. Kiiza recalls.
However, in practice, many countries continue to prioritize trade with external powers such as the United Kingdom, the United States, and the United Arab Emirates. the analyst insists.
Poor Connectivity Slows Down Trade
Intra-African trade also suffers from connectivity issues. Kiiza highlights. This dependency has direct consequences on trade efficiency.
One striking example illustrates the problem:
Kiiza estimates that it will take to develop the necessary infrastructure. However, for this to happen, African governments must commit to greater investments.
An Uncertain Future Despite Strong Potential
The AfCFTA remains an ambitious initiative that could transform African trade. However, its success will depend on the ability of states to tackle structural challenges and prioritize regional integration. concludes Africa Kiiza.
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Between economic opportunity and growing uncertainties, its future remains uncertain. Its expansion raises debates about its local impact and long-term sustainability.
A Key New Trade Corridor Between Cameroon and Chad
The construction of the Yagoua-Bongor bridge marks a turning point for trade between Cameroon and Chad, facilitating goods transportation and reducing the risks associated with river crossings by canoe. This 37-billion FCFA project is expected to streamline regional trade, with 80% of Chad’s imports and exports transiting through Cameroon. While traders welcome this development, pirogue operators fear for their livelihoods as their traditional business faces an uncertain future.
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