What You Need to Know
The Media Council of Kenya (MCK) has urged Parliament to repeal outdated colonial-era media laws, emphasizing that current regulations hinder media pluralism and violate constitutional rights. MCK’s proposals aim to modernize the legal framework governing media publications, ensuring compliance with contemporary standards and enhancing freedom of expression.
Africa-Press – Kenya. The Media Council of Kenya has urged Parliament to modernise the country’s publications law. MCK warned that key provisions inherited from the colonial era are outdated and inconsistent with the constitution.
The council is specifically calling for the scrapping of a rule that forces anyone wishing to publish a newspaper to deposit Sh1 million with the government before they can operate. MCK describes the provision as an unconstitutional barrier to media pluralism.
Chief executive officer David Omwoyo appeared before the National Assembly’s Committee on Parliamentary Broadcasting and Library on Thursday to present the council’s formal memorandum on the Books and Newspapers (Amendment) Bill, 2025.
Omwoyo told the panel chaired by Turkana West MP Daniel Nanok that sections of the existing Act, first enacted in 1960, are at odds with the 2010 Constitution. Omwoyo highlighted Articles 33 and 34, which guarantee freedom of expression and prohibit state interference with media independence.
The MCK’s memorandum targets Section 11 of the Act, which requires newspaper publishers to execute a bond of Sh1 million as security against potential penalties or libel damages.
The MCK has proposed replacing the bond system with a notification or registration regime, arguing that the current rule shuts out smaller outlets who cannot afford the sum.
“The bond requirement creates a financial barrier to entry, discourages small publishers and community media and undermines Article 34(2) which protects the freedom to establish media without undue state control,” the memorandum states.
The submission also takes aim at the Act’s narrow focus on print publications, arguing that it fails to recognise the transformation of Kenya’s media landscape towards digital, online and multimedia journalism.
The current definition of a newspaper excludes digital journalism entirely and the council has proposed renaming the statute the ‘Media Publications and Legal Deposit Act’, introducing new definitions covering digital publications, online platforms and editorial control.
Other proposed amendments include removing the Cabinet Secretary’s broad discretion to exclude publications from the Act’s provisions, a power the council warns could be applied in a politically motivated manner and replacing it with criteria-based exemptions subject to parliamentary approval.
The memorandum also recommends replacing criminal sanctions for administrative breaches. This are such as failing to deposit copies of publications, with civil penalties, arguing that criminalisation impedes press freedom.
The council emphasised that its proposals would bring Kenya into line with contemporary international standards on media regulation. This helps shift from administrative restrictions to professional accountability through the existing framework of the Media Council Act, 2013.
“These issues are important in ensuring any amendments to the Books and Newspapers Act support a modern, pluralistic and constitutionally compliant media environment,” Omwoyo told the committee.
Colonial-era statutes have long been used to intimidate journalists in Kenya. Laws such as the Official Secrets Act and sections of the Penal Code on sedition and criminal defamation remain on the books despite a 2010 constitutional promise of reform.
Media workers have faced arbitrary arrests, police harassment and legal threats under these outdated provisions, creating what human rights groups describe as a persistent chilling effect on investigative reporting.
MCK has repeatedly called for their repeal and the committee is expected to consider the council’s memorandum alongside other stakeholder submissions before finalising the Bill for further parliamentary debate.
Kenya’s media landscape has been shaped by colonial-era laws that continue to impact journalists today. The Books and Newspapers Act, first enacted in 1960, includes provisions that are inconsistent with the 2010 Constitution, which guarantees freedom of expression. Despite promises for reform, laws like the Official Secrets Act remain in effect, leading to a chilling effect on press freedom and investigative journalism in the country. The Media Council of Kenya has been at the forefront of advocating for the repeal of these outdated laws to foster a more open and pluralistic media environment.
